基础医学英语课件：Unit 8 Endocrine System

1、Unit 8,Overview of Endocrine System,Exocrine system,甲状旁腺,甲状腺,胸腺,肾上腺,脑垂体，脑垂腺,胰腺,睾丸,卵巢,hypothalamus,under, low,hypodermic adj. (指药物、注射器等)皮下注射用的 n.皮下注射, 皮下注射器 hypoglycemia低血糖 hypotension 低血压 hypertension 高血压 hyperglycemia 高血糖,above, high,epithalamus,parathyroid para- pref. a. “侧面; 并行; 超越; 错误”, 如:parall

2、el; paradox b. 【医】“副 ,旁”, 如: paratyphoid 副伤寒 parasympathetic副交感神经的,甲状腺,of the kieney,adrenal,adrenaline 肾上腺素,milk,prolactin,lactin 乳糖,hormone,tropin-调理素 -in hormone,thyro-甲状腺,thyrotropin,thyroxine 甲状腺素,inner,endorphin,endocrine endoscope,adj.,oppose,antidiuretic,benefit,diuretic利尿剂,urine,hormone,thr

3、ee,triiodothyronine,iodine,hormone,calcium,calcitonin,tone调节,cortex皮质,corticosteroid,steroid类固醇,-oid：likeness,hormone,above,epinephrine,kidney,epithalamus epithelial-epithelium,hormone,adrenaline,kidney,hormone,mela-黑色素 melanin,melatonin,tone,hormone,male,androgen,estrogen 雌性激素,-one 激素,testes睾丸,test

4、osterone,glu(y)c- sugar,glucagon,glucose,Organization of Endocrine System,Read paragraph 1-2. Main functions of the endocrine system Different roles of the endocrine system and the nervous system in controlling the body processes,Read paragraph 3-4. What are the foundations of the endocrine system?

5、And how about the main functions of each kind? What factors influence the hormone levels?,hormone,gland,transfer information and instructions from one set of cells to another,selects and removes materials from the blood, processes them, and secretes the finished chemical product for use somewhere in

6、 the body,stress, infection, changes in the balance of fluid and minerals in blood,Read paragraph 5-6. What are the major glands that make up the human endocrine system? What is hypothalamus? And how about its main functions?,kidney,1,2,3,5,4,7,6,8,9,hypothalamus,pineal body,pituitary,thymus,thyroid

7、 parathyroid,adrenal,pancreas,testes,ovary,Read paragraph 5-6. What are the major glands that make up the human endocrine system? What is hypothalamus? And how about its main functions?,Read paragraph 7-10.,Please shortly introduce the pituitary gland. What are the two parts of the tiny pituitary gl

8、and? What hormones can the anterior lobe produce? Describe the main functions of each kind. What hormones can the posterior lobe produce? Describe the main functions of each kind.,hypothalamus,pituitary,hypothalamus,posterior pituitary,anterior pituitary,pituitary gland,posterior lobe,regulate the a

9、ctivity of the thyroid, adrenals, and reproductive glands,antidiuretic hormone oxytocin,anterior lobe,functions,hormones produced,growth hormone prolactin thyrotropin corticotropin endorphins,hormones produced,Read paragraph 11-13.,What hormones do the thyroid produce? How about their functions? Wha

10、t controls the production and release of thyroid hormones? What hormones do the parathyroids release? And how about their functions? What are the two parts of the adrenal gland? What hormones each part produce and the functions?,thyroid,thyroxine,triiodothyronine,control the rate at which cells burn

11、 fuels from food to produce energy regulate bone growth regulate the development of the brain and nervous system in children,parathyroid hormone,regulate the level of calcium in the blood with the help of calcitonin,right adrenal gland,left adrenal gland,cortex,medulla,corticosteroids,influence salt

12、 and water balance in the body regulate the bodys response to stress regulate metabolism regulate immune system regulate sexual development and function,increases blood pressure and heart rate when the body experiences stress,epinephrine,Read paragraph 14-17.,What hormones do the pineal body secrete

13、? How about the functions? What hormones do the gonads release? And how about their functions? What hormones do the pancreas produce and the functions?,大脑皮层,pineal gland,下丘脑,脑垂体,视交叉,视交叉上核,胰管,胆管,十二指肠,pancreas,melatonin,help regulate the wake-sleep cycle,maintain a steady level of glucose in the blood

14、 keep the body supplied with fuel to produce and maintain stores of energy,insulin glucagon,estrogen progesterone,regulate body changes associated with sexual development,androgens (testosterone),estrogen regulates the development of female sexual features both are involved in pregnancy and the regulation of the menstrual cycle,Mechanism of Endocrine system,Please read p