2012年英语六级翻译训练习题集1.doc

1. I am not sure whether I want to take this course；_may I sit in for the first week _（我第一周可否旁听）to see if I like it？Sit in 代理I am not sure whether I want to take this course; may I sit in for the first week to see if I like it?2. The police are on the trail of（正在追踪） new evidence _which they hope will help solve the case _（希望能有助于该案的处理）.The police are on the trail of new evidence which they hope will help solve the case .3. The volume （交易量，额）（卷，册,体积，容积）of trade between the two countries，as is reported，has increased more than fourfold_（四倍的）_（增长了三倍多）.The volume of trade between the two countries, as is reported, has increased more than fourfold.As is reported, has increased more than fourfold.4. My question is _who will take over as president of the Foundation_（谁将接任该基金会主席职位）.My question is who will take over as president of the foundation 5. He looks honest，but appearances are sometimes deceiving_（外表有时是靠不住的），arent they？ Deceive 欺骗，蒙骗，哄骗某人做（into）But appearances are sometimes deceiving , arent they ?He looks honest, but appearances are sometimes deceiving, arens they?长喜模拟题6：1. _Few people do not complain about the tedium of their jobs_（很少有人不抱怨工作单调乏味），but they will feel more bored if they do not work.Few people do not complain about the tedium of their jobs, but they will feel more bored if they do not work.2. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，_ only to be told that she couldnt come by then_（结果却被告之她到时候不能来了）.Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend, only to be told that she could not come by then.3. The chief reason for the population growth is _ not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates或more a fall in death rates than a rise in birth rates_（与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是死亡率的下降）.Chief 1. 首领;领袖;长官C2. 酋长;族长C3. 【旧】【口】(表示敬意或客气的称呼)先生,老板The chief reason for the population growth is not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates 或more a fall in death rates than a rise in birth rates. 与其说，不如说是可以用not so much as或more than 4. True friendship foresees()预见，预知 the needs of others _rather than proclaims(提出) ones own_demand_（而不是声明自己的需求）.True friendship foresees the needs of others rather than proclaims ones own demand.True friendship foresees the needs of others rather proclaims ones own demand. 5. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_ what really made me decide buy it_（真正让我决定买下它的）was the beautiful view through the window.Although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful view through the window.答案及解析:1. may I sit in for the first week解析：分号之前表示原因：因为我不敢确定是否想学这门课程，所以能否让我第一周旁听看看是否喜欢它？“旁听”英语里说成sit in，2. which they hope will help solve the case解析：我们把中午句子的含义补全就是“警察希望这些新证据能有助于该案的处理”，“新证据”已经在前文中出现，那么在这里我们需要把“能有助于该案的处理”译成后置定语来修饰new evidence。on the trail of意思是“在寻找”。3. has increased more than fourfold3. Has increased more than fourfold 解析：本题是考查数字的译法，可以参考前面的节目。本句还要指出的是as在非限制性定语从句中的应用：as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行项通常是整个主句。As从句的位置很灵活，可以出现在句首，句中（如本句）或句末，并与主句之间用逗号隔开。4. who will take over as president of the Foundation5. Who will take over as president of the Foundation 解析：这是wh-词引导的从句在句中作表语。本题的考点是：中文可以有“接任的职位”的搭配，用take over as来表达。“该基金会”在句中是特指，因而“Foundation”的首字母要大写。5. appearances are sometimes deceivingappearances are sometimes deceiving 6. 解析：考生要看起来这是一个并列复合句。其规则之一是，疑问部分的主语要和后面句子的主语和谓语在人称、数、性、时态方面保持一致。题干部分已经给出arent they？因此，“外表”要用复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数形式，不能说appearance is sometimes deceiving。长喜版:1. Few people do not complain about the tedium of their jobs7. tedium解析：本题考查对形容词few和动词短语complain about的掌握。few作形容词时意为“很少的，少数的”，用来修饰可数名词复数，表示少得几乎没有。complain (to sb.) about sth.意为“（向某人）抱怨某事”。tedium“沉闷，单调乏味”，为不可数名词。2. only to be told that she couldnt come by then解析：本题考查对“only不定式”结构的掌握。“only不定式”结构相当于一个结果状语，意为“结果却”，表示事情的发展令人不快或与预料相反。“被告之”表明不定式要用被动式（to be told）。that宾语从句作动词told的宾语，从句的时态应与主句一致（couldnt）。by then在此处指“到将来的某个时候”。3 not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates或more a fall in death rates than a rise in birth rates解析：本题考查对能够表达“与其说是，不如说是”的结构及含义的掌握。“not so muchas”和“morethan”都可以表示“与其说是，不如说是”。4 rather than proclaims ones own8. Rather than proclaims ones own 解析：本题考查对rather than的用法。rather than可以用来连接并列成分，表示“而不是”的含义。5 what really made me decide to buy it9. What really made me decide to buy it .2012大学英语六级考试翻译题训练指导(十八)2. Mr. Jack walked out on his wife and _left home with his children_（带着他的孩子离开了家）.3. Walk out on 遗弃 walk out 罢工4. Mr Jack walked out on his wife and left home with his children.Mr jack walked out on his wife and left home with his children .Mr jack walked out on his wife and left home with his children.Mr jack walked out on his wife and left home with his children.3. Mrs. Beck _has been under the care of her husband_（一直受到她丈夫照管）since she was collapsed. Collapse 倒塌 垮掉，累垮，瓦解Mrs beck has been under the care of her husband since she was collapsed.Mrs beck has been under the care of her husband since she was collapsed.4. He has no money，so he _ had to swallow his words_（不得不收回自己说过的话）.He has no money , so he had to swallow(收回) his words.（认错）5. The runner _was deprived of his gold medal_（被剥夺掉金牌）for mens 100-meter dash（100米短跑） at games because he was found to have taken stimulants（服用兴奋剂）.Deprive 剥夺，从.夺走，免去.的职务Dash 撞击，猛撞，是沮丧，击碎，撒泼，溅The runner was deprived of his gold medal for mens 100-meter dash at games because he was found to have taken stimulants.答案及解析:2. left home with his children解析：本句是一个并列复合句，由and连接。前半句谓语动词是walked，后半句谓语动词是“离开”，而“带着他的孩子”作为伴随状语说明“离开了家”的状态，可以用“with名词”或“bringing名词”的结构。本句还有一个难点是固定短语walk out on sb.的用法，意思是“抛弃某人、离开某人”3. has been under the care of her husband解析：since暗示前面动作的延续性，本句意为：自从贝克太太身体垮下来之后，就一直受到丈夫的照管。句子需填入部分要用现在完成时。collapse有时也可以指精神的崩溃。4. had to swallow his words解析：本题考查对习语swallow ones words的理解，swallow指“吞咽”，所以很多考生会望文生义，认为“swallow ones words”意思是“食言”。“食言”是指说过的话不算话，不讲信用，因此应该英译成break ones promise或break ones words。5. was deprived of his gold medalWas deprived of his gold medal Was deprived of his gold medal Was deprived of his gold medalWas deprived of his gold medalWas deprived of his gold medal 翻译练习41.In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to _enjoy the bus ride like me_ （像我一样享受乘坐公车的乐趣）.In this way, i believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.In this way,I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me .2.By practicing these, I have been able to _make constant progress in intellectual education_ （在智育方面我一直能不断进步）.By practicing these, I have been able to make constant(一直的) progress in intellectual education.In intellectual education in intellectual education . intellectual3.According to a recent survey, four million people _die of diseases linked to smoking _ （死于与吸烟有关的疾病）each year.According to a recent survey , four million people die of diseases linked to smoking each year.4._ No invention has received more praise(赞扬，赞颂，赞美，崇拜) and abuse _（没有一项发明获得如此多的表扬和批评）than Internet. Praise of 赞词No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize _ that education is not complete with graduation 或_that education cannot end with graduation_ （教育不能随着毕业而结束）.enjoy the bus ride like meAn increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete(结束) with graduation 或 that education can not end with graduation.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation 或 that education can not end with graduation. 解析：“享受的乐趣”直接用enjoy翻译即可。“乘坐公交车”在这里相当于一个名词短语，因此应翻译成bus ride而不是take the bus。如果将句子翻译成enjoy taking the bus，意思就与enjoy the bus ride稍有区别。前者强调动态，表示某个动作的进行，后者强调静态，表示某一经常性习惯性做法。 2. make constant progress in intellectual education 解析：“不断进步”是指不断取得进步，“取得进步”用短语make progress。“不断”应选择constant。“在智育方面”作状语置于句末。3. die of diseases linked to smoking 解析：本句意为“由最近调查显示，每年有400万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病”。“死于”既可以用短语die of也可以用die from，但考生应注意两者用法上的区别。“与相关”可以选用related to，associated with，linked to。4. No invention has received more praise and abuse 解析：本题考点是关于“没有比更”的表达，前后比较的是物“其他发明”与“因特网”。它的基本结构是：no sth. more than。5. that education is not complete with graduation 解析：“随着而结束/终结”要用be complete/ end with sth.，采用的是词性转换法。将句中的动词“结束”转换成英语里的形容词complete。当然，如果大家译成动词end也是可以的，即：that education cannot end with graduation。另外，本句需填入的是一个从句，因此不能遗漏that。翻译练习 52. She was angry with her husband ,so _she ignored him_ （她不理不睬）when he spoke to her. So she ignored him when he spoke to her . 3.How could we get news in our own society or abroad _without newspaper_ （没有报纸的话）? 3. How could we get news in our own society or abroad without newspaper ?4. How could we get news in our own society or abroad without newspaper ?4.The latest census（人口普查，人口调查，统计数，记录） shows that Chinas population _has exceeded one billion_ （已超过10亿） exceed 超过，胜过（in）,超出5. The latest census shows that Chinas population has exceed one billion 5.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need _as many_（需要这么多）as again.6. We have had ten recorders,but we still need as many as again . “录音机”2. she ignored him解析：由句意可知，她是对丈夫生气了，因而丈夫和她说话时她不予理睬。本题要注意ignore和neglect在含义上的差别。Ignore是故意不理睬别人，而neglect是表示疏忽（责任等），并非故意，常和to连用，如：Dont neglect to lock the door.3. without newspaper4. has exceeded one billion解析：本句意为：据最新的人口普查，中国人口已超过10亿。本题一是要正确写出数字“10亿”，二是要正确选词“超过”，三是要注意完成时态。5. as many解析：本题考查倍数对等的正确说法，可以用“ as adj. as”的结构。本句意为：我们已经有10台录音机了，但是我们还需要10台。翻译练习 61. _We have decided on an open policy in two respects_一个政策包含两个方面_ （我们确定搞两个开放）：namely, to open up both externally and internally.We have decided on an open policy in two respects : namely , to open up both externally and internally .We have decided on an open policy in two respects : namely , to open up both externally and internally.2. _Its needless to say_ （不用说）that hes been there before. It is needless to say that he has been there before .It goes without saying that he has been there before . 3. _It was unexpected_ （真想不到）that he had done a thing like that.It was unexpected that he had done a thing like that.4.Premier（总理，首相） Zhou _has always had the interests of the people at heart_（一心想着人民的利益）. Premier Zhou has always had the interests of the people at heart. 5. _ It was very reluctant_（她非常不情愿地）that she agreed to help.It was very reluctant that she agreed to help.reluctantly1. We have decided on an open policy in two respects解析：本题考查了语序的调整。“两个开放”在原句中充当宾语，但是英语却不能说two opens，只能理解成“在两个方面实行开放政策”。因此，“搞两个开放”应处理成“动词宾语状语”的结构。另外，“搞”字在英语中没有一个绝对的对等词，而且“搞”在汉语是一个动词，经常带一些宾语、状语、补语，这些成分和“搞”字一起传情达意。读者在英译的时候应注意对“搞”字的准确翻译。如：2. Its needless to say解析：考生应留意否定词译法，即在have，there be及情态动词后面加no或not，在实义动词前面加上do或does not，在某些省略句中加上no。本题考查的是派生词用法。和汉语不同，英语单词词根可以加上前缀或后缀以改变单词本义，如ab-，dis-，im-，ir-，il-，mal-，non-，un-，under-，less等都是表示否定意义的词缀。3. It was unexpected解析：考生应注意照顾前后时态一致，考查的是“形式主语it形容词that-从句”的结构。如果题干改为_（真想不到）his doing a thing like that，答案就要相应改为fancy。fancy ones doing带有更强烈的语气，惊讶程度也比its unexpected高。4. has always had the interests of the people at heart解析：英语里“一心想着”、“总是想着”可以用短语always think about、have sth. at heart、be preoccupied with sth. 来表达。但是它们的感情色彩是截然不同的。第一个短语是一般性用语，感情色彩为中性；第二个短语感情色彩为褒义；第三个短语往往后接不好的事情，是贬义词。如：5. It was very reluctantly解析：本题较难。考查的并不是形式主语句，二是一个强调句型。本句可以说成：She agreed to help very reluctantly. 原句的需填补部分是对状语的强调，以突出“极不情愿”这一信息中心。应试技巧 汉语主动句译成英语被动句我们在汉译英时，往往也需要把汉语主动句译成被动句。这是因为：为了保证上下文连贯，使衔接更紧密，句子更自然；或强调动作承受者；或使语气婉转、措辞恰当。具体转换方法有如下两种。1）把汉语主动句的宾语译成英语被动句的主语。. ？例1 _（将领你们去参观我们的新车间）by the secretary.译文：You will be shown our new workshop.6. You will be shown our new workshop.7. You will be shown our new workshop by the secretary .8. You will be shown our new workshop by the secretary.9. 简评：如果这句话不是划线填内容，你完全可以将它翻译成The secretary will show you our new workshop。正是因为题型是补全句子，这就给翻译带来了一定的难度，你必须去适应题型要求而不是让题型来适应你。让我们看看译文已给出部分：by the secretary显然是一个被动语态特征，秘书在译文里已经由原来的主语变成了译文句子的补足成分。所以，题目是暗示我们要把原句中你们转换成译句里的主语，这样才符合出题要求。例2 You _（我们期待你能组织贸易推广活动）this time.译文：are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns.10. You are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns this time.简评：根据题目可推知全句意思是：我们期望你能组织这次的贸易推广活动。中文句子主语、谓语、宾语分别是：我们、期望、你。但是在英文译文的给出部分中我们看到句子以you开头，也就是说你被期望能组织这次贸易推广活动。中文的宾语变成了英文的主语，这就要求我们在翻译时要使用被动语态。全句完整答案是：You are expected to organize the trade publicity campaigns this time.2）当汉语句以我们、人们、大家等泛指性代词作主语时，在翻译成英文的时候常常可以忽略主语不译，并把英文译句处理成被动语态。处理后的英文译句往往带有 know，see，find，say，suppose，estimate，report，suggest，stress，consider，expect，admit，point，understand 等动词。11. Estimate 估计，估量，评价，判断例3 如果原子失去一个或多个电子，我们就说这个原子带正电荷。译文：If one or more electrons are removed，the atom is said/believed/thought to be positively charged.简评：这句话是一个条件从句。即：在原子失去一个或多个电子的情况下，这个电子带正电荷。我们就说这个原子带正电荷可理解为这个原子被认为/ 被确信/ 被说成是带正电荷。那么根据前面所说的原则，我们在翻译时可以将泛指性主语我们省略不译，并使用被动语态。从这个例子里我们还可以看出，在科技文章中，根据英语表达习惯我们应当多采用被动语态，以强调事物的客观性。例4 人们采用各种措施来防止腐蚀。译文：All kinds of measures are taken to prevent corrosion.corrosion 腐蚀，入侵 corrosion corrosion corrosion corrosion 12. All kinds of measures are taken to prevent corrosion .简评：这句话可以按原文译成主动态，即：People have taken all kinds of measures to prevent corrosion。也可以用被动语态来翻译-All kinds of measures are taken to prevent corrosion。两者比较而言，被动态译文更突出表明所有、种种措施已经付诸实施，all kinds of measures得到强调，而主动态译法只是平铺直叙，点不突出。此外，汉语句子中有据说、据了解、据报道、据估计、据传言等词语时，可以酌情译成相应的英语被动句，如：It is supposed that（据推测.），It is said that（据说.），It is supposed that 据推测 it is supposed that It is said that It is estimated that it is estimated that It is estimated that（据估计.），It is calculated that it is calculated that it is calculated that it is calculated that It is calculated that（预计.），It is reported that（据报道.），It is suggested that（有人建议），It is suggested that it is suggested that it is suggested that It is stressed that it is stressed that it is stressed that it is stressed that It is stressed that it is thought that it is thought that it is considered that It is considered that It is stressed that（有人强调.），It is thought that（有人认为.），It is considered that（有人认为.），It is expected that it is expected that it is well known that it must be admitted that it must be admitted it must be admitted that It is expected that（据期望.），It is well known that（众所周知.），It must be admitted that（必须承认.），It must be pointed out that it must be pointed out that it must be pointed out that It must be pointed out that（必须指出.），It is understood that（谁都知道.），It may be safety said that（可以有把握地说.） It is understood that it is understood that 谁都知道 It may be safety said that 可以有把握的说 例5 据了解，这个地区有丰富的自然资源。译文：The area is known to be rich in natural resources.例6 众所周知，自然光其实是由许多种颜色构成。译文：It is well known that natural light is actually made up of many colors.It is well known that natural light is actually made up of many colors.It is well knowns that natural light is actually made of many colors.Exercise Ten1. A dog has won a German government award _for helping police persuade a woman not to commit suicide_ （因协助警方劝阻一名妇女自杀）.2. The manager points out _that our work is progressing satisfactorily_ （我们的工作进展令人满意）.3. _This house needs modernizing_ （这栋房子需要现代化）：it has no bathroom or electricity.4. _When the plane is to take off_（飞机什么时候起飞）has not been announced. 5. His idea is _（应该立即执行计划）. 答案解析：1. for helping police persuade a woman not to commit suicide解析：本句考查的是句子逻辑关系。根据意思可知，句子前半句是果，后半句是因。一只狗因为协助警方阻止了一名妇女的自杀而获德国政府奖项。英语通常把表示目的、假设、原因、让步等内容放在句子的后部，因此这句话可以由because，for来引导。自杀有一个固定短语commit suicide，劝阻要用强调结果成功的persuade。2. that our work is progressing satisfactorily解析：本题考查词性的转译，即：将原汉语句子中的动词令人满意转移成英语的副词satisfactorily。这种词性转换是翻译常用技巧，适当的转换可使译文通顺，符合英文表达习惯。另外，句子需填入部分在全句中充当宾语从句，因而不能漏译that。3. This house needs modernizing解析：本题同样考查汉英词性转换技巧。全句意为：这栋房子既没有浴室也没有电，（因而）需要现代化。现代化在汉语里是一个名词，在这个句子中实际上指的是房子需要配置现代化设备，它的含义不等同于modernization，配备现代化设施可以用modernizing来表示。英语里很多以 -ing结尾的动词表示该动作的过程，通常与need连用，如：These clothes need washing. 本题是从名词到动词的转换。4. When the plane is to take off解析：本题考查的是以连接副词when引导的主语从句的翻译。中文意思是：飞机什么时候起飞还没有公布。这样的主语从句一般可以采用顺序法翻译。顺序法同样也适用于以that，what，whatever，who，whoever，where，how，why等引导的主语从句。如：认识他的人都信任他。（Who knows him will believe him.）本题的另一个考点是：什么时候起飞是一个将来时态，可以用be to来表达。5. that the plan should be carried out immediately解析：本题综合考查了表语从句、无主语翻译以及惯用搭配。首先，His idea is前半部分是一个完整的主谓结构，句子需填入部分在全句中充当表语；其次，应该立即执行计划中计划是被用来执行的，但是题干中并没有提到谁会来执行这个计划。因此，在主语没有出现的情况下，可以采用被动译法。执行计划在英语里可以用carry out the plan，perform the plan，implement the plan来表示。二、汉译英专项练习一、倍数增减的表示法1) Force N1 _(比力N2大2.5倍). 2) This substance _(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).3) The e