六级翻译复习建议

一、复习建议 六级翻译越来越重视中国的历史、文化、经济和社会发展等主题，所以，我们建议大家赶 快抓紧时间背诵一些与中国节日、历史事件、经济文化、旅游活动、社会发展等相关的词汇， 这里推荐阅读中高口翻译的教材。此外，还要多浏览一些以反映中国社会为主的英文杂志和报 纸。 二、夺分要点 翻译一直追求“信” 、 “达” 、 “雅” 。庆幸的是，六级考试中要求没有那么高，我们只要做到 “信”和“达”就可以啦。对于实力较强的同学，如果想在翻译题中夺得高分，千万不要忽视 以下四个要点： 1、高级词汇。 翻译时，尽量表现出自己的语言水平，避免使用一些过于简单的词汇，而要选择一些更高 级的词汇，例如“have to”可以换成“be obliged to” 。 2、句式多样。 可以有选择性地运用倒装结构、被动语态、否定句、虚拟语气、比较结构、从句、非谓语 动词等句型，让句式结构更加丰富多彩。 例：正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术等四大发明才被引介到世界 各地。 一般译文：The Silk Road introduced four Chinese inventions to the world. They were papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing。 高分译文：It was through the Silk Road that the four great inventions of ancient China, namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing, were introduced to the world。 点评：“一般译文”为两个主动语态的简单句， “高分译文”将其整合成了一个被动句。把 “正是才”处理成了“It wasthat”的强调句型，并将“造纸、火药、指南针、印 刷术”处理成了插入语“namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing”。 3、长难句。 译文中如果出现 12 个长难句，可以立马吸引考官的眼球，瞬间让译文变身高大上，提升 水平档次。 例：物质文化的交流是双向的，欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场 的需求。 一般译文：The exchange of material culture is a two-way process. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road. It could meet the needs of the Chinese market。 高分译文：As the exchange of material culture is a two-way process, various goods and plants were also exported through the Silk Road from Europe to China to meet the needs of the Chinese market。 点评：“一般译文”为三个简单句，而“高分译文”将其合并成了一个长句。把“物质文 化的交流是双向的”处理为状语从句“As the exchange of material culture is a two-way process”， 并将“满足中国市场的需求”作为目的状语“to meet the needs of the Chinese market”。 4、字迹工整。 翻译过程中难免会进行多次修改，从而影响卷面整洁，所以一定要先打草稿，整洁的卷面 有助于增加印象分哦 这四个妙招同学们肯定都非常熟悉，但却常常被大家忽视。 例如，小明在做翻译时，总是习惯性地使用基础词汇，然后又习惯性地使用简单句型，当 时间紧迫时还会紧张地老写错别字，导致在卷面上涂涂改改，影响美观。不知不觉，小明默默 地走上了“低分”之路。 所以，我们要提醒大家，应时刻将这四招牢记于心，并且认真贯彻实施。 表示主要的，重要的词 primary, major, main, chief, important, essential, significant 表示充足的 enough, sufficient, plenty, abundant 表示适当的 appropriate 表示提升，改善，加强 enhance, improve, strengthen 表示合法 valid, legal, lawful, rightful 表示卓越不凡 extraordinary, excellent, uncommon, remarkable, outstanding. 表示很有名气 well-known, noticeable, famous 表示义务，有责任去做 compulsory, required, obligatory 表示积极，主动 positive, proactive 表示合理 sound, rational, correct, sensible, logical, reasonable 表示英勇 brave, bold, valiant, heroic, courageous, fearless 表示巨大 huge, large, giant, vast, enormous 表示牢固稳定 sturdy, strong, firm, tough, stable, hardy 表示声誉 reputation, fame, prestige 表示巅峰、顶点 tip, top, peak, apex, zenith, climax 表示发现、探索 discover, seek, search 表示增加 increase, enlarge, multiply, expand, raise, accelerate, broaden, magnify 表示减少 reduce, decrease, decelerate, lessen, debase, abate, diminish, decline, discount, subtract, deduct 表示转变 convert, change, transform, switch 表示提供、提交 offer, supply, provide, furnish, contribute, submit 表示构成、组成 constitute, consist, organize, form, erect, establish, compose, comprise, 加快人才培养 accelerate the training of professionals 与建立关系 establish relationship with 在取得进步 make progress in 表示有用，有益 helpful, useful, utile, beneficial 发挥的作用 play (central, crucial, decisive, essential, fundamental, important, key, leading,) major,primary, prominent, significant, vital) role in 宏观经济 macro economy 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 知识经济 knowledge economy 网络经济 Internet-based economy 经济规律 law of economy 大规模生产 mass production 生产力 productive forces 生产关系 relations of production 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业 private business 民营企业 privately-run business 中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业 franchise / chain business 国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 实际增长率 growth rate in real terms 年均增长率 average growth rate per annum 可持续增长 sustainable growth 经济效益 economic returns 投资回报率 rate of return on investment 衰退 recession 宏观调控 macro control 提高经济效益 enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构 optimize economic structure 扩大内需 expand domestic demand 国计民生 national interest and peoples livelihood 经济特区 special economic zones “十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 风险投资 venture investment 经济繁荣 economic boom 发达国家 developed countries 不发达国家 underdeveloped countries 发展中国家 developing countries 经济交流 economic exchange 跨国公司 multinational corporation 电子商务 e-business 信用卡 credit card 信息时代 information age 航班号 flight number 头等舱 first class 商务舱 business class 经济舱 economy class 登机牌 boarding card 口岸 customs port 客船 passenger liner 慢车 stopping train 普快 express 直快 through express 直达列车 through train 特快 special express 高速火车 high-speed train 卧铺车厢 sleeping coach 上铺 upper berth 中铺 middle berth 下铺 lower berth 出发站 departure station 中转站 transfer station 终点站 terminus 到达站 destination 站台 platform 地铁 subway 超车 overtaking 倒车 backing 刹车 brake 加速 speed up 减速 slow down 高速公路 highway / freeway 十字路 crossroads 酒后驾驶 driving under the influence of alcohol 疲劳驾驶 fatigue driving 普及率 popularizing rate 素质教育 education for all-round development 应试教育 exam-oriented education system 义务教育 compulsory education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher education 职业教育 vocational education 学院 college/institute/school 普通高校 regular institution of higher learning 重点大学 key university 211 工程 211Project 减轻学生负担 reduce burden for students 基础课 basic course 专业课 course within ones major 必修课 required course 选修课 elective course 学分制 credit system 入学考试 entrance examination 入学资格 admission qualification 择优录取 merit-based enrollment 中考 middle examination 高考 higher examination 报名 application/sign up 毕业设计 diploma-winning design/ graduation project 毕业论文 graduation thesis 毕业证书 graduation certificate 同学 schoolmate/classmate 校友 alumni 科教兴国 rejuvenate the country through science and education 研究开发 research and development 高新技术 innovative and high technology 创新 innovation 尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 法治 rule of law 互通有无 mutual exchange of needed products 商标 trademark 专利 patent 版权 copyright 知识产权 intellectual property rights 煮 poach/boiled 蒸 steamed 火锅 chafing dish 煲;炖;焖 stewed 煎 pan-fried 炒 stir-fried 炸 deep-fried 烘 baked 熏 smoked 泡辣菜 pickled hot vegetables 北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck 炒饭 stir-fried rice 油条 deep fried twisted dough stick 饺子 jiaozi / dumpling 汤圆 tangyuan 馄饨 hundun 烧麦 shaomai 月饼 moon cake 烧饼 sesame seed cake 小笼包 steamed dumpling with pork 红茶 black tea 绿茶 green tea 花茶 jasmine tea 茶道 sado/ tea ceremony 功夫茶 Gongfu tea 陈酒 old wine/aged wine 烧酒 arrack 人口 population 人口分布 population distribution 流动人口 transient population 城市人口 urban population 农业人口 agriculture population 出生率 birth rate 自然增长率 natural growth rate 负增长率 negative growth rate 普查 census 户口册 household register 计划生育 family planning/planned parenthood 优生优育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care 自治区 autonomous region 民族 ethnic groups 少数民族 ethnic minorities/ minority peoples 中国共产党 Communist Party of China 小康社会 a well-to-do society 人民生活 peoples livelihood 生活水平 living standards 生活质量 quality of life 住房条件 housing conditions 文化程度 educational level 就业率 employment rate 人均收入 average income per capita 年平均工资 average annual pay 奖金 bonus 生活费用 cost of living 消费价格指数 consumer price index 环境污染指数 environment pollution index 衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 购买力 purchasing power 贫困家庭 the needy family 贫困地区 poverty-stricken region 下岗 be laid off 小康 relative affluence 安居乐业 live a good life 共同富裕 shared prosperity 社会保险 social insurance 助学金 grant-in-aid 赈灾救济金 disaster relief funds 国人消费观 话题原文： 中国自 20 世纪 70 年代实行改革开放政策以来，经济一直以惊人的速度发展。粮食、 肉类、钢等工农业产品的产量一直在显著增长;原子能(atomic energy)、计算机技术、航空航天 (aviation and aerospace)技术等方面也已经达到世界先进水平。预计到 21 世纪中叶，中国将基本 实现现代化，达到中等发达国家的水平。目前，中国经济发展水平的地区差异较大，东部沿海 地区比较发达，而西部地区相对不那么发达。中国正在进行西部大开发(Western Development Strategy),以缩小各地区的经济发展差异。 参考译文： Since China implemented the reform and opening-up policy in the 1970s,its economy has kept developing at a remarkably high speed. The output of the industrial and agricultural products, such as grain, meat and steel etc., has been growing markedly. And the technologies of atomic energy, computer, aviation and aerospace have reached the world advanced level. It is predicted that China will basically realize modernization and reach the level of the medium-developed countries by the middle of the 21st centuiy. Currently, Chinas economic level varies widely among regions. The areas along the east coast in China are fairly developed, while those in the west are comparatively underdeveloped. Due to this, China is carrying out the Western Development Strategy so as to narrow down the economic gaps between different regions. 1.改革开放政策:可译为 the reform and opening-uppolicy。 2.以惊人的速度:可译为 at a remarkably high speed。 3.达到世界先进水平:可译为 reach the world advancedlevel。 4.预计:可使用 It is predicted that结构表达。 5.基本实现现代化:可译为 basically realizemodernization。 6.中等发达国家:其中“中等发达”可译为 medium-developed,故该处译为 medium- developed country。 7.东部沿海地区:可译为 areas along the east coast。 8.以缩小各地区的经济发展差弃:其中“缩小”可用 narrow down 来表达，故该句可译 为 so as to narrowdown the economic gaps between different regions。其中 so as to 意为“以便，以 使” 。 网络消费 话题原文： 如今，随着网络的发展，越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。足不出户，只需鼠标点，快 递员就会把你要的东西送到家门口，省时省力，方便快捷。这为消费者节省了很多逛超市的时 间，也避免了交通拥堵。由于网上销售库存压力较小、经营成本低、经营规模不受场地限制， 这也给年轻人创业提供了很好的机会。网上购物无论对消费者、企业还是市场都有着巨大的吸 引力和影响力，在新经济时期无疑是达到“多赢(multi-win)”效果的理想模式。 参考译文： Nowadays, with the development of Internet, more and more people prefer to shop online. You would get the goods you want at your door from the expressman just by clicking the mouse, which is convenient and can save both time and effort. Online shopping cuts down on the consumerstime of going to the supermarket and avoids the traffic jam. Due to little pressure on stock, low management cost and business scale with little limitation on sites, online shopping offers a good opportunity for young people to start a business. Online shopping is attractive and influential to its consumers, companies and market, which can achieve an ideal pattern of multi-win effect in the new economy period undoubtedly. 1.随着网络的发展:可译为 with the development of Internet。 2.快递员:可译为 expressman，也可用 courier 或 mailman 来表达。 3.省时省力:其中“省力”可用 save effort 表达，故该处译为 save both time and effort。 4.库存压力较小、经营成本低、经营规模不受场地限制:可译为 little pressure on stock, low management cost and business scale with little limitation on sites。 老龄化社会，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 【翻译原文】 老龄化社会(an aging society)是指老年人口占总人口达到或超过一定的比例的人口结构 模型。按照联合国的传统标准是一个地区 60 岁以上老人达到总人口的 10%，新标准是 65 岁老 人占总人口的 7%，即该地区视为进入老龄化社会。老龄化的加速对经济社会都将产生巨大的 压力。2009 年 10 月 26 日，中国传统节日重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)到来之际，中国正式 启动了一项应对人口老龄化战略研究，以积极应对持续加剧的人口老龄化危机。 【参考译文】 An aging society refers to a population structure model in which aging population reaches or exceeds a certain proportion. The region is regarded as entering an aging society according to the UNs traditional standard that an areas old people over 60 years old takes up 10% of the total population, while the new standard is old people over 65 years old takes up 7% of the total population. The acceleration of aging will bring enormous pressure to both economy and society. On October 26, 2009 when the Double Ninth Festival, the traditional Chinese festival, came, China formally launched a strategic research on coping with aging of population to deal with increasingly intensifying population aging crisis. 【重点表达】 达到或超过 reach or exceed 老龄化的加速 the acceleration of aging 巨大的压力 enormous pressure 中国正式启动了一项应对人口老龄化战略研究，以积极应对持续加剧的人口老龄化危 机。China formally launched a strategic research on coping with aging of population to actively deal with increasingly intensifying population aging crisis.(注：注意两个“应对”的不同翻译) 中国工业升级，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级，中国现在涉足建造高速列车、远洋船舶、机器人， 甚至飞机。不久前，中国获得了再印度尼西亚(Indonesia)建造一条高铁的合同;中国还与马来西 亚(Malaysia)签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。这证明人们信赖中国造产品。 中国造产品越来越受欢迎。中国为此付出了代价，但这确实有助于消除贫困，同时还 为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。这是一件好事，值得称赞。下次你去商店时，可能想看一 看你所购商品的出产国名。很有可能这件商品是中国造的。 Recently, the Chinese government decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involved in the construction of high-speed trains, ocean-going vessels, robots, and even aircrafts. Not long ago, China obtained the contract for construction of a high-speed rail in Indonesia. It has also signed a contract with Malaysia to provide high-speed trains. This proves that people have faith in China-made products. China-made products are gaining popularity, for which China has paid a price. However, it does contribute to the eradication of poverty and also, in the meantime, provide employment opportunities for people around the world. This is a good deed which is commendable. You may want to take a look at the purchased goods for the name of the producing country next time you go to the store. Most probably the product is made in China. 假日经济，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国 消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人 的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发 展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。 The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoples consumption concept is undertaking great changes. According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development. On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoples demand for an improved quality of life. 物理演示 2013 年 6 月 20 日在中国各地，剧估计 60 万儿童和他们的老师观看了有宇航 员(astronaut)王亚平在距离地球 300 公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个同事乘坐天宫一 号实验舱(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module)执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系列太空的 物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球上重力(one-gravity)环境下同样的实验。这堂物理课不 仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理课，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。 On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers across China watched a science lesson taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Yaping. Wang is aboard the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week mission. Her lessons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space. In some demonstrations,she compared with the same experiment