2017人教版高中英语必修五unit 5《first aid》word单元综合复习

必修5 Unit 5 First AidI. 单元基础知识1. 核心单词(1) liquid n_(2) tissue n_(3) sleeve n_(4) cupboard n_(5) damp adj_(6)squeeze vt_(7) organ n_(8) complex adj_(9) barrier n_(10) vital adj_(11) _ n勇敢；勇气(12) _ n款待；招待(13) _ n典礼；仪式(14) _ adj暂时的，临时的(15) _ adj（动作）稳定有力的；坚定的 n公司(16) _ v隆起；（使）膨胀 _ adj.肿胀的(17) _ adj温和的_ adv. 温和地(18) _ adj难以忍受的_ adj可忍受的_ vt承受n熊(19) _ n毒药 vt. 使中毒;毒害_ adj.有毒的；恶毒的(20) _ n多样化；种类_ adj多方面的，各种各样的_ vi变化2. 高频短语(1) _ 生病(2) _ 在适当的位置(3) _ 有影响；起（重要）作用(4) _ 各种各样的(5) _ 脱下;成名(6) knock over _(7) stick to _(8) act as _ (9) get injured / burnt / infected _(10) put ones hands on _3. 重点句型(1) So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it _.因此你可以想象的到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。(2) If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, _.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。(3) John _ in his room _ he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。(4) _ Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms. Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。(5) _ and knowledge of first aid_ saved Ms. Slades life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。II. 考点精析及演练1. injury n.伤口；伤害；损害injure v.伤害；损害 injured adj.受伤的易混辨析 injure，hurt，harm，woundinjure “伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。hurt “疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，伴有强烈痛感；也可以指精神上的伤害，常与deeply，very much，rather连用。harm “伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。wound “受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害。用法检测用上述动词的适当形式填空。(1) It _me to think that he would lie to me.(2) Two women have been badly_ in the accident.(3) Luckily no one got_ in the battle.(4) Dont _your eyes by reading in poor light.2. essential adj.必不可少的；最重要的；本质的；基本的；n.必需品；要素；实质同义表达essential，important，vital常见用法be essential to/for对来说是重要的Its essential to do/that.是必要的(that从句的谓语用“shoulddo”，should通常省略）用法检测(1) It is essential _(你赢得) the voters hearts.(2) Sun and water _(对必不可少) the growth of crops.3. variety nC，U变化；多样(化)；多变(性)词性拓展variousa variety of (varieties of)n.(pl.) 各种各样的，不同种类的the variety of 的种类vary vt. / vi. 使不同；变更；变化；呈多样化vary with 随.变化vary from.to.= vary betweenand从.到.不等； 在.到.之间变化拓展延伸“许多”表达只修饰可数名词只修饰不可数名词既修饰可数名词，又修饰不可数名词a large/ great/ number ofa great/ good manyquite a fewmany a+ V（单） more than one+V（单）a great/ good deal ofa large/ great amount of(large) amounts ofa lot of/ lots ofplenty ofa large/ great quantity of(large) quantities ofa variety of/varieties of4. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的常见用法be of vital importance是至关重要的be vital to/for 对很重要It is vital to do sth.做是很重要的It is vital that.是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即shoulddo，should可以省略)用法检测你的支持对我的计划是否成功关系重大。Your support_ the success of my plan.5. treat n.招待；款待；v.以态度对待；把看作；治疗；招待；请客常见用法treat sb.as.把某人看作treat sb.to sth.招待某人吃treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人My treat.我请客。用法检测If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved._. (改为省略句)_.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)6. apply vt. & vi.涂；应用；适用；申请常见用法application n.申请(书)；用途applicant n.申请人apply to适合apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物apply oneself to (doing) sth.be applied to (doing) sth.致力于/集中精力于用法检测If you apply yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it._.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)_.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)7. make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用常见用法make no/little difference to对没有/几乎没有影响make much difference to对有很大影响tell the difference between.and.说出和的不同be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用用法检测 (1) _whether he comes here or not.他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2) Can you _ the two words?你能区别这两个单词吗？8. be doingwhen 正在做这时课本原句John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。常见表达be doing.when.正在做这时be about to do.when.正要做此时be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时had just done.when.刚做了这时用法检测 (1) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.(2) She_ just _ (finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.9. 强调句型 It is(was)+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分课本原句It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms. Slades life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。用法解析(1)在强调句型中，将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构（it is/wasthat/who）划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。(2)几种强调句型变式：一般疑问式：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？反义疑问式：It is/was+被强调部分+that，isnt / wasnt it？not . until . 的强调句型：It is/was not until + 被强调部分 + that.用法检测 (1) Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star._.(改为强调句) (2) Was it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing on the moon?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; inIII. 语法：省略品句归纳 仔细观察下列句子中的省略的用法。This woman works well, but that one doesnt (work well). 这位女士工作很出色,但是那位却不行。When (they are) ripe, these apples are sweet. 成熟的时候,这些苹果非常甜。That is the naughty boy (whom / that) we talked about last week. 那就是我们上周谈到的淘气男孩。Had Thomas Edison (= If Thomas Edison had) saved his money, he would have died a wealthy man. 如果托马斯爱迪生把钱省下来,他死时将是一个富人。It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off until the next week. 有人建议会议推迟到下周。以上句子为了言简意赅而省略了一些成分。根据句子的结构以及上下文,我们可知:第1句省略了(1) _ ;第2句省略了时间状语从句中的(2) _ ;第3句省略了(3) _;第4句省略了(4) _,而且句子还部分倒装;第5句省略了情态动词(5) _。 具体用法 (1)简单句中的省略根据表达的需要,简单句中常省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语和表语等,有时甚至同时省略若干成分。(You come) This way please. 请这边走。Are you feeling better now? 你现在好些了吗? (I am feeling) Much better (now). 好多了。(2)并列句中的省略在并列句中,后面的分句可以省略与前面的分句中相同的成分。Tom must have been playing basketball, while Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 汤姆一定是一直在打篮球,而玛丽一定是一直在做作业。(3)状语从句中的省略在以when, while, if, as if, though (although), as, whether, once等连词引导的状语从句中,常常省略与主句相同的主语和be动词。When (it is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year. 竣工后,这座博物馆将会在明年向公众开放。 (4)动词不定式中的省略在同一句话或联系紧密的对话里,常把不定式to后的内容中相同的部分省略,只保留to。I will be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? 我将会出差。请帮助照看我的猫,好吗? Not at all. I would be happy to. 没关系,我非常乐意。(5)虚拟条件句中的省略在虚拟条件句中,如含有had, were, should,等时,if可省略,句子倒装。Should it rain tomorrow, you would have to put off your tour. 万一明天下雨,你只好推迟行程。(6)宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中,连词that一般可以省略。但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。He told me he was ill and that he couldnt go to work the next day. 他告诉我他病了,第二天无法上班。用法检测完成句子(用省略形式)(1) In our country, people usually shake hands when _.在我们国家,当被相互介绍时,人们通常会握手。(2) _, I heard her singing an English song.当我路过她的房间时,听到她在唱一首英文歌。(3) They wanted to go boating in the lake, but I_.他们想到湖上划船,但是我警告他们不要去。(4) I wont attend her birthday party _.除非受到邀请,否则我不会去参加她的生日聚会。(5) When you do this exercise, make changes in the sentence structure_.做这个练习时,如有必要可以改动句子结构。IV. 单元话题作文不久前，为零售商提供数据的美国服务机构SumAll对网上购物的优惠情况进行了调查。调查发现，一周内优惠最多的并不是人们普遍认为的周末。下面的图表显示了每天的优惠率(百分比)。请根据图表写一篇100词左右的英语短文。短文应该包含以下要点：1分析图表内容；2发表你的观点和看法。参考答案I. 单元基础知识1. 核心单词(1) 液体(2) (生物)组织;纸巾(3) 袖子(4) 橱柜；衣柜(5) 潮湿的(6) 压榨；挤(7) 器官(8) 复杂的(9) 屏障;障碍(物)(10) 至关重要的，生死攸关的(11) bravery (12) treat(13) ceremony(14) temporary(15) firm(16) swell; swollen (17) mild; mildly (18) unbearable; bearable; bear(19) poison; poisonous (20) variety; various; vary2. 高频短语(1) fall ill(2) in place(3) make a difference(4) a variety of (5) take off(6) 撞翻(7) 坚持 (8) 担任；充当 (9) 被伤着/烫着/感染(10) 找到 3. 重点句型(1) can be very serious (2) if possible (3) was studying; when (4) There is no doubt that (5) It was Johns quick action; thatII. 考点精析及演练1. (1) hurt (2) injured (3) wounded (4) harm2. (1) that you (should) win (2) are essential to/for 4. is vital to/for5. If treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved Treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved6. Applying yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it Applied to the job in hand，youll soon finish it7. (1) It makes no difference to me (2) tell the difference between8. (1) when （2）had; finished9. (1) It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star(2) 比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。III