APA格式引用规范.doc

精品文档 APA格式引用规范标题 根据APA格式，标题是用来组织文章，使得其有层次架构。APA格式规定了文章内“标题”的特定格式(1到5级)，此详细内容可参阅美国心理协会刊物手册第五版的第113页，级数和格式如下： 第1级：置中大小写标题(Centered Uppercase and Lowercase Heading) 第2级：置中、斜体、大小写标题(Centered, Italicized, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading) 第3级：靠左对齐、斜体、大小写标题(Flush Left, Italicized, Uppercase and Lowercase Side Heading) 第4级：缩排、斜体、小写标题，最后加句号(Indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period) 第5级：置中大写标题(CENTERED UPPERCASE HEADING) 以下是参考文献中的一些用法。 APA格式规定“参考文献”部分的人名必须以姓氏的字母顺序来排列，包括姓氏的前缀。譬如，Martin de Rijke应被改成“De Rijke, M.”;Saif Al Falasi则改成“Al-Falasi, Saif.”。(阿拉伯文名字通常在姓氏和前缀之间加上连字号“”，所以姓氏和前缀自成一体。) 纸本文献 单一作者著作的书籍： Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead. 两位作者以上合著的书籍： Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press. 文集中的文章： Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 4264). London: OtherWorld Books. 期刊中的文章(非连续页码)： Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: Gods long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 3437. 期刊中的文章(连续页码)： Rottweiler, F. T., & Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of destruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66146. 月刊杂志中的文章： Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in todays schools. Time, 135, 28-31. 报纸中的文章： Wrong, M. (2005, August 17). Misquotes are “Problematastic” says Mayor. Toronto Sol. p. 4. 政府官方文献： Revenue Canada. (2001). Advanced gouging: Manual for employees (MP 65347/1124). Ottawa: Minister of Immigration and Revenue. 线上文献 网络文章的打印版本 Marlowe, P., Spade, S., & Chan, C. (2001). Detective work and the benefits of colour versus black and white Electronic version。Journal of Pointless Research, 11, 123124. 电子期刊的文章(只有网络版的期刊) Blofeld, E. S. (1994, March 1). Expressing oneself through Persian cats and modern architecture. Felines & Felons, 4, Article 0046g. Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址 电子短信(newsletter)的文章Paradise, S., Moriarty, D., Marx, C., Lee, O. B., Hassel, E., et al. (1957, July). Portrayals of fictional characters in reality-based popular writing: Project update. Off the beaten path, 7(3). Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址 从大学课程或系上网站取得的文献 Rogers, B. (2078). Faster-than-light travel: What weve learned in the first twenty years.