动词时态语态学案).doc

动词的时态语态关于时态: 1.对下列十种时态的考查：动词时态和语态的构成形式主动语态的构成一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一般将来时过去将来时被动语态的构成一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般现在时：用法：表经常性习惯性动作， 。常用时间状语：often, usually, always, everyday, sometimes 等动词构成： 否定构成： 注意，客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时。 例句：他每天散步 他工作努力 太阳从西方升起 火车每天10点出发 我完成我的工作后去那里 如果明天下雨我就不去那里 一般过去时：用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2000,at that time, before liberation，when 等引导的含过去时的句子动词构成： 否定构成： 例句：那些天她经常帮我们 我不晓得你有那么忙 上周日我们游泳游得很愉快 当我弟弟只有十多岁的时候几乎每天打乒乓 现在进行时：用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间 动作常用时间状语：now, these days等动词构成： 否定构成： 注意，go, ,leave, ,return, die等的进行时有时表示即将发生的动作她要去北京。 今天感觉怎么样？ 我们正在上英语课 过去进行时：用法： 某一时刻或某一段时间内 的动作常用时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time, at ten oclock yesterday或when引导的从句动词构成： 否定构成： At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself将来进行时 : 用法：表示在 某一时刻或将来某段时间内 的动作，预测按计划在将来某时会发生的事情。动词构成: I will be watching TV in the room at eight tomorrow evening.Are you going to be studying this time next week? He will be taking his exams next week. 一般将来时：用法： 会出现或发生的 常用时间状语：tomorrow, next month, this evening, in a few minutes等动词构成：1, 2, 3, 表示“即可,就要”,此句型很少与表示将 来的具体时间状语连用。) 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词以work为例:will/shall work am/is/are going to work am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving否定构成： They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain. Work hard, and you will pass the exam Youve left the light on. Oh, so I have. Ill go and turn it off.The English evening is about to begin.注意，在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。过去将来时：用法：从 某时间来看 发生的动作或状态，常用于宾从常用时间状语：the next week等动词构成： 1、 2、 、3、 He said he would go to Beijing the next day. I asked who was going there . They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. 现在完成时：用法: 1、发生在 且对现在仍有影响的动作，强调对 的影响.2、从 一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语： 动词构成： 否定构成： 注意：暂时性动词不能与for, since,How long等表示段时间的短语同时使用Ive written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. I have finished one third of the report so far. He has learned English for six years. I shall go with you as soon as I （had）my bath.Well start at once if it (stop) raining by five oclock. 过去完成时：用法：1、 某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。 2、过去某一时间的动作 到过去另一时间常用时间状语：by that time, by the end of ，when/before+ 从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中动词构成: 否定构成: By the end of last month. We (review)four booksHe (shut) the door before the dog came up. By the end of last month I (learn) English for 3 years.将来完成时：用法：用来表示在 某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语+将来的时间，when, before引起的时间状语连用。动词构成: 否定构成: We (finish) senior Book 2 by the end of this term.时态考点分析1Can I join your club,dad? You can when you_a bit older. (NMET) A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got2Oh,its you!I_you. Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses. A.didnt recognize B.hadnt recognized C.havent recognized D.dont recongnize 3.I dont think Jim saw me;he_into space. (NMET) A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared4._my glasses? Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET) A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen5.You dont need to describe her.I_her several times. (NMET) A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet6.Do you know our town at all? No,this is the first time I_here. A.was B.have been C.came D.am going7.Is this raincoat yours? No,mine_there behind the door. (NMET) A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung关于语态被动语态的构成：现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 过去完成时： 现在完成时： 含情态动词（can/will）： 一、被动语态的句型 1.常见句式是：主语（受动者） （by施动者） 例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.2.主动表示被动的几种情况不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。这些书好卖。 .这支笔写起来流畅。 这种布好洗。 一些连系动词的主动式形容词。常见动look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等The apples taste good.The flower smells wonderful.The news proved/turned out trueCotton feels soft.3.不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do.he question is difficult to answer.The box is heavy to carry.The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。被动语态考点分析 1.I need one more stamp before my collection_. (NMET) A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 2.Do you like the material? Yes,it_very soft. (NMET) A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 3Great changes_in the city,and a lot of factories_. (NMET) A.have been taken placehave been set up B.have taken placehave been set up C.have taken placehave set up D.were taken placewere set up 4.Most of the artists_to the party were from South Africa. (NMET) A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 5.I dont know the restaurant,but its_to be quite a good one.(NMET) A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked 6.The police found that the house_and a lot of things_.(NMET) A.has broken intohas been stolen B.has broken intohad been stolen C.has been broken intostolen D.had been broken intostolen 7.I promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 8.If city noises_from increasing,people_shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (NMET) A.are not keptwill have to B.are not kepthave to C.do not keepwill have to D.do not keephave to 9.The Olympic Games,_in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET) A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 10.This sentence needs_. A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved 11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I_invited. A.am not B.havent been C.was not D.will not be 12._the note_to Mr Smith? No,It is still in my pocket. A.Isbeing given B.Wasgiven C.Hasbeen given D.Hasntbeen given 13.We heard it_that he had gone to New York. A.say B.said C.to say D.be said动词的时态和语态2010年高考题1. （10上海28） Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had2.（10上海31）The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored3.（10福建28）Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised 4.（10福建28）Guess what, weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. -How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experiencingB. have experiencedC. have been experiencingD. will have experienced5.（10安徽28）-Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No, I _the book, so I already knew the story?A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read6. （10安徽34） -Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming7.（10湖南24）This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 8.（10湖南27）I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 9. （10湖南31）I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold10. （10湖南34） Im tired out. . I all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping11.（10江西30） Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A shoulders B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering12.（10山东29）The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid13.（10山东30）Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved14.（10天津4）We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked15. （10天津10）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited16.（10四川11）In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with17.（10四川16）一When shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave finished18（10四川18）Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected19.（10全国21）Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do20.（10全国21）When you are home , give a call to let me know you _ safely. 21.（10全国32）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 22.（10江苏23）why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting23.（10江苏30）Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 24.（10陕西21）I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough25.（10陕西24）It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built26.（10全国9）Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn27. （10全国15）Linda make sure the table _before the guests arriveA. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting28. （10全国19）Excuse me I_I was blocking your way. A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing29.（10湖北78）Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _（未证实）yet. (prove)30.（10辽宁24）Joseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian. Ahas been going Bwent Cgoes Dhas gone31. （10辽宁30）I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. Awill do Bdo Cam doing Dhad done32.（10北京22）In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the r sounds at the end of the words . A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 33.（10北京24）-Im not finished with my dinner yet. -But our friends for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting34.（10北京26）-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made35.（10北京28）It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing36.（10重庆24）The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973. A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes37.（10重庆29）The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _now. A. remainsB. is remainedC. is remainingD. has been remained38. （10重庆31） -Why do you want to work for our company? -This is the job that I for. A. lookedB. am to lookC. had lookedD. have been looking39.（10浙江5）If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall. Aeat Bwould eat Chave eaten Dwill be eating 40（10浙江15）For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. Ahad dreamed ofBhave dreamed of Cdreamed ofDdream of第三部分 创新预测题精选1.Why are you looking so worried? Last week，I sent an e-mail to my mother，asking for my pocket money，but no reply. A.was receivedB.has been receivedC.has receivedD.is received 答案 B2.A Chinese TV series with the theme of anti-Japanese war during the Second World Waron Pyongyangs television screens，drawing great attention from viewers. A.is broadcastingB.has broadcastC.is being broadcastD.has been broadcast 答案 C3.Betty promised me to come round to keep you company today. But she.Ive been alone all day. A.wont B.hadntC.hasntD.doesnt 答案 C4.Sorry for being late，Cathy.I was held up in the traffic.Neverthe traffic would be so heavy. Its all right，Joe.Ithe newspaper，anyway. A.have I expected;am readingB.did I expect;have been reading C.would I expect;readD.had I expected;have read 答案 B5.Are you still very busy? Yes，Ithe report for the manager and it wont take long. A.have just finishedB.am just finishing C.had just finishedD.am just going to finish 答案 B6.Recently，one thousand teenagers from fifteen different countriesto sing an Olympic song on the Great Wall. A.gatheredB.gatherC.are gatheringD.have gathered 答案 D7.The Olympic Games in the year 2008 in Beijing of China，whichknown to us all. A.is to hold;areB.is to be held;wasC.are to hold;isD.are to be held;is 答案 D8.People all over the worldthe opening ceremony of Beijing Olympics at 8 p.m. on August 8，2008. A.will be watchingB.will be watched