牛津英语7A知识点归纳.doc

七（上）期末复习用知识点讲义UNIT 11.非常喜欢 不喜欢某人或某物(dis)like sb. or sth. very much 喜欢 不喜欢做某事（不定式）(dis)like to do sth.（具体的一次动作）喜欢 不喜欢做某事（动名词）(dis)like doing sth.（时常的行为，爱好）他的喜恶 his likes and dislikes (名词，指喜欢的和不喜欢的人或事物) 喜爱讨厌某人或某事love hate sb.or sth.喜爱讨厌做某事（不定式）love hate to do sth. 具体的一次动作）喜爱讨厌做某事（动名词）love hate doing sth. （时常的行为，爱好）看起来像look like （介词）这女孩像她母亲一样喜欢吃苹果。(2)The girl like her mother likes eating apples.= Like her mother , the girl likes eating apples.2.欣赏音乐enjoy music享受阳光 (2) enjoy the sunlight=enjoy the sun 玩得开心（3）enjoy oneself=have a good time =have fun喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 做完成某事finish doing sth 练习做某事practise doing sth 忙于做某事be busy ( in) doing sth. 忙于某事be busy with sth.做某事玩得高兴的(2)have fun doing sth=have a good time doing sth.花费时间做某事(2)spend some time some money （in）doing sth.花费时间或金钱在某事或某物上spend s.t. s.m. on sth 期盼着做某事look forward to doing sth.（介词之后接动名词doing作宾语）做某事怎么样呢（表建议）Wat about doing sth?=How about doing sth.?感谢做了某事thanks for doing sth 擅长于做某事be good at doing sth3.想要某物want sth.=would like sth. 想要做某事want to do sth. =would like to do sth.想要某人做某事want sb .to do sth.=would like sb to do sth. 4.看look at=have a look at 看一看have take a look 看黑板look at the blackboard 看这幅图画look at the picture看黑板，你能看到什么？Please look at the blackboard（表过程） .What can you see? （表结果）看上去强壮的、漂亮的look strong beautiful 看上去很酷 神气的，精神的 look cool smart寻找look for（表过程）;找到，发现find（表结果），搞清楚，弄明白find out查询，查找look up（表过程）;找到find（表结果）在词典中查单词look up the word in the dictionary =look the word up in the dictionary 把它或它们查出来look it them up (代词宾语放中间)类似还有：把它打开、关掉turn it on off 叫醒我wake me up 试穿它们try them on照顾好，照看好look afterwell=take good care of期盼着某事，期待着某事look forward to sth.(to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词)期待着、期盼着做某事look forward to doing sth.5.看电视watch TV观看世界杯足球比赛watch the World Cup 观看烟火watch the firewoks 观看时装秀watch the fashion show6.朗读英语read English 看漫画书read comic books=read comics7.特殊疑问词+动词不定式的用法怎样使用这台新电脑how to use the new computer 该穿什么what to wear 什么时候完成这份设计when to finish the design 该在哪儿下车where to get off the bus 8.十二岁twelve years old 一个十二岁的女孩（定语）a 12-year-old girl=a girl of 12 (years old)=a girl aged 12(years old)这女孩十二岁。（表语）The This girl is 12 (years old ).一个8岁男孩an eight-year-old boy=a boy of 8=a boy aged 8 那男孩8岁。The That boy is 8.9.来自come from=be from10.努力学习work hard =study hard 努力学习英语work hard at English =learn English hard努力学习数学work hard at Maths=study Maths hard11.擅长于某事be good at =某方面干得不错do well in擅长于做某事be good at doing sth.=做某事做得不错do well in doing sth.12.戴眼镜wear glasses那个戴眼镜的男孩the boy with glasses（定语，起限定作用，这里表男孩的特征）那男孩戴眼镜。The That boy wears glasses. （谓语部分，构成句子）13.对人有礼貌的be polite to sb.对人有帮助的be helpful to sb. 一个有礼貌且乐于助人的男孩a polite and helpful boy（定语，表男孩的品质特点）帮助某人help sb. 互相帮助help each other 帮助某人某事help sb with sth.帮助某人做某事help sb (to) do sth. 帮助做某事help (to) do sth.请求帮助ask for help（help为名词是介词for的宾语）哭喊着求救cry for help 向警方求助ask the police for help 拨打110求助call 110 for help英语需要帮助need help with ones English （help为名词是动词need的宾语）14.这间教室很大。那间教室也很大。（2）This classroom is very big .That one is very big too.=That one is also very big.这间教室不大。那间教室也不大。This classroom isnt very big.That one isnt ,either.15.遛狗（3）walk ones dog=take ones dog for a walk =have a walk with ones dog16.步行回家（3）walk home =go home on foot =go home with ones feet legs乘公交车上学（3）take a bus to school=go to school by bus =go to school on the bus 骑自行车上学（3）ride (a bike) to school=go to school by bike=go to school on the ones bike17.在周末at the weekend=at weekends =on Saturday and Sunday 在工作日，在学习日on weekdays=from Monday to Friday 18.在祖父母家at in my grandparents home在我叔叔家at in my uncles (home house )在家at home =在某人自己家里at ones own home 19.去跑步、散步、溜冰、滑雪、野营等go runningwalking skating skiingcamping 20.为黄河足球队效力play for Huanghe Football Team=是黄河足球队的一名成员be a member of Huanghe Football Team=在黄河足球队中be in on Huanghe Football Team=为黄河足球队进球得分score (goals) for Huanghe Football Team 21.最新成员the newest member男孩中最高的the tallest of the boys（表同类的人或事物）班里最受欢迎的学生the most popular students in the class（表范围）最好的朋友之一one of my best friends（one of之后接名词复数）尖子生之一one of the top students 22.那东西用英语怎么说？（3种）How do you say that in English ?=Whats that in English ?=What do you call that in English?（call把。称为。）23.向某人借某物borrow sth. from sb.（借进来）借用一下你的时装秀上的照片borrow your photos of the fashion show把某物借给某人（2）lend sb. sth. =lend sth to sb.（借出去）24.问题的答案the answer(s) to the question(s) 门钥匙the key to the door上学的路the way to school（表示引出地点） 去电影院的路the way to the cinema在上学路上on the way to school 在回家路上on the way home （home地点副词前面省略介词to）在去他家的路上on the way to his home （这里home是地点名词，所以要恢复介词to）南京之旅a trip to NanjingUNIT 21.醒来wake up 唤醒某人wake sb. up =wake up sb.唤醒他、她、它、他们、我、我们、你、你们wake him her it them me usyou you up 2.某人该做某事的时候了！Its time for sb. to do sth.=Its time for sb. for sth.某人花费时间做某事。Sb. spend some time doing sth.=Sb.spend some time on sth.做某事花费某人时间。It takes sb. some time to do sth.有时间做某事have time to do sth. 做某事是开心的have a good time doing sth.=have fun doing sth.轮到某人做某事。Its ones turn to do sth. 轮流做某事。Take tunns to do sth.等待轮到某人wait for ones turn 是某人第一次做某事。Its ones first time to do sth.3.上床睡觉go to bed 去床边go to the bed (不是去睡觉)去睡觉，入睡go to sleep （由醒着到睡着的瞬间） 睡觉sleep （动词，可延续的动作）睡一觉have a sleep（名词）4.吃饭have meals 吃早饭、午饭、晚饭have breakfast lunch supper 吃一顿丰盛的午饭have a big lunch 迅速地吃早饭have a quick breakfast =have breakfast quickly 晚饭吃have eat for supper 没吃早饭上学去（2）go to school without (having any) breakfast= without breakfast请人吃晚饭invite sb. to dinner （零冠词）邀请某人参加派对invite sb. to a the ones party邀请某人参加晚宴invite sb. to a the ones dinner party 5.进行锻炼take have do exercise(u.)=exercise (vi.)做早操do morning exercises（具体化用法） 做眼保健操do eye exercises（具体化用法）进行一些锻炼do some exercise.(不可数名词) 做一些练习题do some exercises （可数名词的复数）6.进行课外活动do after-school activities 放学以后踢足球play football after school7.对某人好的(指心地好)be nice to sb. 对某人仁慈的be kind to sb.对某人友好的be friendly to sb. 许多好人lots of nice kind people8.每逢周二on Tuesdays=every Tuesday 在周二on Tuesday 在周二上午、下午、晚上on Tuesday morning afternoon evening 每周二的上午on Tuesday mornings =every Tuesday morning 9.她是一个很棒的游泳者。（3）She is a very good swimmer.=She is good at swimming .=She swims very well.10.我的朋友都很好。（3）All(代词，全部) of my friends are good.=All（形容词，所有的）my friends are good.=My friends are all （副词，都）good.11.观看太多的电视watch too much TV（表数量） 电视看得太多watch TV too much （表程度）玩太多的电脑游戏play too many computer games（表数量）电脑游戏玩得太多play computer games too much表程度她吃得太多（食物），所以她太胖了。She eats too much (food) （表数量）, so shes much too fat. （表程度）她吃了太多的零食，因此她太胖了。She eats too many （表数量）snacks ,so shes much too fat. （表程度）=She eats snacks too much（表程度） ,so shes much too fat. （表程度）12.很了解电脑（2）know learn a lot about computers对了解得（或多或少）know nothing littlea little some much more about 13.与某人交谈talk to sb=talk with sb =have a talk with sb谈论某人或某事talk about sb. sth.谈论为贫困学生募集资金的事talk about raising the money for poor students14.每个学生花费10元。（3）Each student spends 10 yuan.=Each of the students spends 10 yuan.=The stduents each spend 10 yuan .15.除周一外的每天every day except Monday 除了小明以外大家都在这里。Everyone Everybody except Xiaoming is here.周末母亲和（with）她的两个孩子一起去公园。The mother with two children goes to the park at the weekend.16.感谢你做某事Thanks for doing sth. 谢谢你的帮忙。Thanks for your help.(n.)谢谢你帮我学习英语。Thank you helping me with my English.17.开门、关门（动作）open close the door （门、窗、商店等）开着的，关闭的（状态）be open closed 开、关电灯（动作）turn on off the lights=turn the lights on off把收音机音量调高、低（动作）turn up down the radio=turn the radio up down（收音机等）开着的、关掉的（状态）be on off 18、你觉得我们的新学校怎么样？What do you think of you new school ?=How do you like find your new school? =What do you say about your new school?19.别担心。Dont worry .=Dont be worried .别为我、我们、他、她、他们担心Dont worry about me us himher it them .20.一般疑问句用升调。21.对某人有好处be good for sb 对某人有坏处be bad for sb.对某人重要的be important for sb.为作准备（强调动作和过程）get ready for 为作好了准备（强调结果和状态）be ready for22.对我来说打篮球是难的。因为我个子不高。Its hard for me to play basketball because Im not tall.结构：对某人来说做某事是怎样的。It s adj. for sb. to do sth.23.other的用法小结(1)代词the other 指代上文提到过的两个东西中的另外一个。我又两个哥哥。一个是医生，另外一个是教师。I have two brothers. One is a doctor and the other is a teacher.(2)代词others,泛指别人、别的东西或事情 。嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。Its not polite to laugh at others=other people.我喜欢一天中有些时间段，而不喜欢一天的其他时间段I like some parts of the day and I dont like others(代词)=(other形容词parts of the day )给别人礼物（2）give others presents=give presents to others(3)代词the others ,指代某一范围中的别人、别的东西或事情他比班上别的学生高.He is taller than the others(=the other形 students) in his class.桌子上有几本书，一本是我的，其他的给你姐姐的。There are some books on the desk.One is for you and the others（= the other books）are for your sister. (4)形容词other别的，其他的，后接名词He is taller than the other形容词 students=the others(代词) in his class.在中国，上海比别的城市大。Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.=Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.UNIT3.穿衣服dress 打扮，化妆dress up 打扮成鬼dress up as a ghost 装扮成美猴王dress up as Monkey King穿白裤子打扮dress up in white trousers为某人穿衣服dress sb.穿上大衣；戴上帽子等put on the coat the hat(强调一次具体的动作+衣服)穿着一件棉的连衣裙wear a cotton dressbe dressed in a cotton dress（强调状态+衣服）穿着黄色衣服(be) in yellow=wear yellow clothes（强调状态+衣服或颜色）=be dressed in yellow clothes穿蓝衣服的男子the man in blue （定语）穿紫色短裙的女孩the girl in a purple skirt（定语）那女孩穿着一条褐色长裤。(2)The That girl is wearing a pair of brown trousers.=The That girl is dressed in a pair of brown trousers.（谓语动词，表状态+衣服）那皇帝什么也没穿。The king has nothing on .（动作，表状态have 衣服on ）你穿着淡蓝色衣服真好看.(2)You look good in light blue.=Light blue looks good on you.我确信他们穿在任何人身上好看的。Im sure they look good on anyone.=Im sure anyone looks good in them.白色和任何别的颜色相配的.White goes well with =matches any other colour. 2.玩一个叫作“不招待就使坏”的游戏play a game called “Trick or treat”一个叫玛丽的女孩a girl called Marry 这女孩叫玛丽。The This girl is called Marry.3.敲门、窗、桌子等knck on at the door window desk 4.作弄某人play a trick on sb.=play tricks on sb.开某人玩笑play a joke on sb.=play jokes on sb.嘲笑某人laught at sb. 取笑某人make fun of sb.5.招待某人give sb.a treat of sth.give a treat of sth to sb =give sb. sth. as a treat give sth .to sb. as a treattreat sb with sth6.穿着带有面具的特殊戏服wear special costumes with masks(表具有，带有某种特征的)一所带有小花园的房子a house with a small garden一些里面有鸡蛋的月饼some mooncakes with eggs in them一杯加糖的牛奶a glass of milk with sugar in it 一杯不加奶的咖啡a cup of coffee without mlilk in it不吃早饭就上学go to school without (having any ) breakfast喝水不会发胖drink water without getting fat7.我家是幸福的大家庭。My family is a happy big one.（家庭，作单数）瞧！他家在吃晚饭呢Look! His family are having supper.。（家人，作复数）8. （在宾语从句中特殊疑问词作连接词，后接陈述语序，即：主语+谓语）人们不知道我们是谁。People dont know who we are.你能告诉我他叫什么名字吗？can you tell me what his name is?我想知道她几岁了。We want to know how old she is.你能猜出这些衣服来自什么时候吗？Can you guess when the clothes are from?由制成（成品看得出原材料）be made of由制成（成品看不出原材料）be made from由某地制造be made in sp. 由某人制作be made by sb.把（原料）制成（成品）make into（成品）由（原料）制成makeout of制作风筝make a kite =make kites 制作模型飞机、轮船等make model planes ships 制定计划make a plan 制作购物清单make a shopping list 朝某人做鬼脸make faces at sb. 许愿make wishes=make a wish使得某人做某事make sb do sth. 使得我的脚发热make my feet hot 使得这件T恤衫看上清爽干净的make this T-shirt look cool10.（1）在点钟、就餐时间、部分节日、年龄前用介词at)在上午时at 8:00 a.m.=at 8:00 in the morning (在早饭、午饭、晚饭时at breakfast lunchtime supper在圣诞期间at Christmas 在圣诞节那天on Christmas Day 在平安夜on Christmas Eve在夜里 at night ; 在白天in the day 在午夜at midnight ; 在正午at noon 十岁时at 10 at the age of 10when sb.was 10（2）(在日期、星期、具体一天、一个具体的上，下午，晚上前用介词on)在周一on Monday 在元旦on New Years Day 在七月十五日on July 15th在我生日那天on my birthday 在周三上午on Wednesday morning 在月日的晚上on the evening of October 31st在一个寒冷的早晨on a cold morning 在一个飘雪的下午on a snowy afternoon在十月份的最后一天on the last day of October（3）(在上下午、月份、季节、年份、年代前用介词in)在上午、下午、晚上in the morning afternoon evening在十二月份in December 在冬季in winter 在1990年in 1990在二十世纪九十年代in the 1990sin the nineties of the twentieth century在某人二十几岁时in ones twenties11.在度假be on holiday去度假go to sp. for a holiday =go for a holiday 12.许多有趣的事情many interesting things关于后置定语：有趣的事情something interesting（形容词修饰不定代词后置）重要的事情something important足够的大了可以上学old enough to go to school（enough修饰形容词后置）足够高可以打篮球tall enough to play basketball一个值得去的真正有趣的地方a really fun place to go (to)（动词不定式作后置定语）一个约见朋友的好地方a good place to meet friends有和朋友聊天的时间have time to chat with ones friend需要许多跳舞的能量need much energy to dance 有足够多的可用文具have enough stationery to use 穿着灰色夹克衫的男子the man in a grey jacket （介词短语作后置定语）长发的年轻女子a young women with long hair 13.做某事很激动be excited to do sth.（动词不定式表激动的原因）因为某事而很激动be excited at sth.(介词表原因)对感兴趣be interested in 14.在街道的一边on one side of the street (指街道两边中的其中一边)在街道的另外一边on the other side of the street（指两边中的另外一边）在街道的两边on both sides of the street （指街道两边）在街道的任何一边on either side of the street （指两边中的任何一边）在街道的每一边on each side of the street（指两边中的每一边）在某人的一只手里in one hand ; 在某人的另外一只手里in the other hand 在一方面on one hand ; 在另外一方面on the other hand 15.在某人去某地的路上on ones way to sp.在回家路上on the way home（home地点副词，所以前面省略介词to）在回家路上on the way to his home（home地点名词，所以前面恢复省略介词to）来这儿的路上on the way here（here地点副词，所以前面省略介词to）去那儿的路上on the way there（there地点副词，所以前面省略介词to）用多种方式;在许多方面in many ways顺便提一下、顺便问一下by the wayUNIT51.需要某物need sth.需要许多能量need lots of energy 需要做某事（行为动词）need to do sth.需要做某事（情态动词，只用于否定句和疑问句中，表示必要性）need do sth.需要某人做某事need sb to do sth. 某物需要做某事sth. need doing. sth need to be done .有需要的in need (名词)对时间的需要in need of time （名词）=need time （动词）有需要的孩子the children in need（名词）2.建议某人做某事去踢球怎么样啊？（）What about playing football?=How about playing football?为什么不去踢球呢？Why not play football?咱们踢球，好吗？（）Lets play football,shal l we?=Shall we play football?3.计划一次旅行plan a trip（动词）制定一个学习计划make a study plan （名词）计划做某事plan to do sth.（动词不定式作宾语）4.健康的be healthy be in good healthbe having good health保持健康keep fitstay healthy5.在的前面（域内）in the front of 在的前面（域外）in front of 在后面（域外）behind 在后面（域内外均可）at the back of6.如此多得东西so many things（表可数名词的数量）如此多得水so much water（表不可数名词的数量）那么地喜欢英语like English so much=very much（喜欢的程度）7.看个小时的电视（）watch two hours of TV（电视的数量,提问用how much）=watch TV for two hours（表看电视的时间长度，提问用how long）8.我不再吃快餐。（）I dont eat fast food any more longer.=I no more no longer eat fast food.=I eat fast food no more longer.9.祝贺某人做成功了某事congratulations to sb on sth. 祝某事给某人带来好运。Good luck to sb. with sth.10.给某人能量用于某事give sb. energy for sth. 给某人能量用于做某事give sb. energy for doing sth.11.（双宾语的两种表达式）为某人买东西buy sb .sth.buy sth for sb 为你烧好吃的cook you nice food= cook nice food for you为她做了顶风筝make her a kite =make a kite for her （注意：两个宾语都是代词时，只能把表示事物的直接宾语放在动词的后面，再加上介词for to后接表示人的间接宾语 ）这儿有两本书给汤姆的。Here are two books for Tom. Please give them to him12.没有钱（2）have no money =dont have any money13. 注意：倒装句的主语是名词时，用完全倒装好吧。给你我的钱包。All right. Here is my wallet. 瞧！吴老师来啦。Look! Here comes Mr Wu.看！西蒙出场啦。Look! Here comes Simon.注意：倒装句的主语是代词时，用部分倒装给你。（2）Here you are. Here it is.14.提、拎、扛、背所有的购物袋carry all the shopping bags为李奶奶提水carry water for Grandma Li. 传送声音和图片carry sounds and pictures运载船只carry boats and ships把你们的新的英语书带到学校来bring your new English books to school把你的旧数学书带回家take your old Maths books home15.要我帮忙吗？Can I help you ?我能为你做点儿什么？What can I do for you?16.我要为我儿子买一双保暖鞋。Im looking for a pair of warm shoes fo my son.=I would like to buy a pair of my warm shoes for my son=I want to buy a pair of warm shoes for my son.试穿try on the shirt =try the shirt on 代词宾语放在副词on的前面try it on 这鞋太小了.有大点儿的吗？The shoes are too small.Do you have a larger pair?这鞋太贵了.有便宜点儿的吗？The shoes are too expensive. Do you have a cheaper pair?17.这鞋子多少钱？八十元。（3）How much are the shoes?They are 80yuan.=How much do the shoes cost ? They cost 80yuan.=What s the price of the shoes? Its 80yuan.18.他穿多大的鞋子？七号。（2）What size are his feet?He is a size 7.=What size shoes does he wear? Size 7.19.请稍等。（4）Wait a minute moment. Just a minute moment.20.看看吧.Have a look. =Take a look.21.我们的鞋有折扣.(2)There is a discount on our shoes.=We have a discount on the shoes.这些鞋很适合我。The shoes fit me very well.这些鞋子和我裤子很相配。The shoes match =go well with my trousers very well.22.我要了。我买了。（2）Ill take buy it them.给你钱。Here s the money. 给你200元。Heres 200yuan.给你找头。Heres the change.23.这份生日礼物花了埃米14元。（5种）The birthday present cost Amy 14yuan.=It costs Amy 14yuan to buy the birthday present.=Amy spends 14yuan buying on the birthday present.=Amy pays 14yuan for the birthday present.=Amy buys the birthday present for 14yuan.24.与一样be the same as与（尺寸、颜色、款式等的）一样be the same size colour style as与不同be different from十分不同be quite different我的包和你的颜色一样。（2）My bag and yours have the same colour.=My bag is the same color as yours.我的包和你的款式不一样。My bag and yours are different in style.=The style of my bag is different from the one of yours.25.为某物付款pay for sth 为某物付了10元钱pay 10yuan for sth为某人付款pay for sb 为某人付了10元钱pay 10yuan for sb买单，埋单pay the bill 付钱pay the money26.站在桌子旁边stand at the table在就餐，在吃饭at table=be having a meal27.花费你的零花钱spend your pocket money28.帮助穷人help the poorthe +形容词，可以表示同一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。弱者和强者一样在这个世界上有他们的位置。The weak, like the stong , have their place in the world.= Like the stong , the weak have their place in the world.29.为某人收集某物collect sth for sb 为某人募集资金raise money for sb捐钱给某人donate money to sb30