高中部年轻教师教学基本功大赛.ppt

高中部年轻教师教学基本功大赛,How to correct a composition,短文改错,为什么要考改错题？,改错题怎么做？,改错题有没有技巧？,改错题有没有规律？,改错题考察什么能力？,改错题考察什么能力？,短文改错并不是检测语法知识，而是检测语篇的处理能力和在特定语境中对语言的使用进行评价的能力。 因此，短文改错中的错误及涉及到的语法或词汇，考生处理这些问题需要根据短文的整体语境来进行判断。,近七年来 短文改错题的材料内容贴近学生的实际生活，谈论的都是和学生的学习和生活有关的话题。,命题规律,从2001年到2007年各年的话题分别是： 2007年，六岁的“我”和祖父聊天，祖父告诉我关于人生的含义2006年，“我”回朋友的e-mail（电子邮箱）和朋友之间的文学 交流。 2005年，途中车子抛锚，“我”寻求帮助的经历。 2004年，“我”和同学相处出现心理障碍，写信求助。 2003年，叙述“我”学写英语书面表达的感受，在老师的鼓励 下，坚持每天写一篇，并取得进步。 2002年，叙述“我”和父母去四川峨眉山旅游的见闻和感受。 2001年，叙述“我”一个独生子女在家中的状况及心理感受。,高考短文改错的短文通常只有120个词左右，分成10行，短文的难度也与考生的习作相当，10行中一般只有一行全部正确，其他9行都存在错误。各种错误所占比例为,命题特点,1：3：6,即: 1行正确； 3行缺词或多词； 6行需要找出错误并改正。,表 1 NMET改错命题统计,表 NMET错误类型统计,测试点,动词形，名词数， 还要注意形和副； 非谓语，细辨别， 习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析， 逻辑错误须关注； 冠词连词常光顾。,短文改错口诀：,一、动词形,主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：,NMET2003：She liked it very much and reads it to the class. NMET2000： Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. ,read,are,二、名词数,指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：,NMET2001： so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. NMET2003: Their word were a great encouragement to me. _,subjects,words,三、还要注意形和副,注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。例如：,NMET 2004 : I would describe myself as shy and quietly. _ NMET 2005 : He asked angry if we had finished the work. _,quiet,angrily,四、非谓语，细辨别,这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。例如：,NMET2001： My parents love me and will do all they can make sure NMET 2002: We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. _ NMET 2003: Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. _,to,visited,talking,五、习惯用法要记住,主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：,NMET2000: Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher. _ NMET2003: My teacher advised me to keep my diary. _,a,a,六、句子成分多分析,不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：,NMET 2004 : I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. _ NMET 1997：I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. _,why,which,七、逻辑错误须关注,与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。例如：,NMET 2003: The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. _ NMET 2005: Some students may also save up for our college or future use. _,everything,their,常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：,NMET2000： She was smiling but nodding at me NMET2001： It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. NMET2001： We may be one family and live under a same roof. ,and,or,the,八、冠词、连词常光顾,短文改错应注意的问题,四不改: 标点符号不改。 大小写不改。 词序错误不改。 （不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。 在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词， 在句中不可能用错。,Dont forget!,At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big one. It was almost as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting room. Kate was covered it with a lot of Christmas light. The sitting room looked really beautifully at the moment. There was a fire burning in the fire place, but theChristmas tree lights were shinning brightly. Jim and his parents singing and dancing happily.,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,6.,7.,8.,9.,10.,错误形式与改法,1 改词（56个）：在文中该词下面划横线 ( _ )；在题号后横线上写出要改的词。 2 添词（12个）：在文中标上添词符号（）；在题号后横线上写出要添的词。 3 去掉（12个）：在文中用斜线( )划掉该词；在题号后写上要划掉的词，并也用斜线划掉。 4 正确（1个）:在题号后横线上写出正确符号() 。,【解题步骤】,1 浏览全文，掌握大意,2 分句阅读，逐行找错,3 检查核对，攻克难点,This passage is about_,A. Jims family. B. Christmas lights. C. How Jims family decorated the Christmas tree on Christmas Eve.,C,At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big one. It was almost as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting room. Kate was covered it with a lot of Christmas light. The sitting room looked really beautifully at the moment. There was a fire burning in the fire place, but the Christmas tree lights were shinning brightly. Jim and his parents singing and dancing happily.,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,6.,7.,8.,9.,10.,At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his 1._ father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose 2._ a big one. It was almost as taller as the room! 3._ They put them in the corner of the sitting 4._,_,on,_,chose,_,tall,_,it,动词形,介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住,还要注意形和副,代词格，细领悟,room. Kate was covered it with a lot of 5._ Christmas light. The sitting room looked 6. _ really beautifully at the moment. There was 7. _ a fire burning in the fire place, but the Christmas 8. _ tree lights were shinning brightly. Jim and his 9. _ parents singing and dancing happily. 10._,_,lights,_,beautiful,_,and,were,动词形,还要注意形和副,动词形,名词数,冠词连词须关注,Practice makes perfect. 谚 熟能生巧,Thank you!,f.(05)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. g.(06)We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.,命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,took,had,1.动词时态,考点设置,b.(04)After class we become stranger at once.,strangers,2.名词,考点设置,d. (05) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.,advantages,e. (06) He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.,idea,命题特点: 本来用复数,却用单数 改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰 限定成份; (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.,a.(03) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher .,2.代词,it,b.(05) Some students may also save up for our college or future use .,their,c.(06) I just smiled to me and thought, “What can I do? We are guests after all.”,命题特点： 1.女性代词指代男性或相反； 2.单数指代复数； 3.代词词性误用。 改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。,myself,they,d.(05) So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.,than,3.形容词、副词,e.(05) My pronunciation was terribly . f. (06) They came back lately and had some tea.,terrible,late,命题特点：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。,改正方法： 1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定 错误 2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去 分词及整个句子用副词,a.(04)Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.,3.介词,about,b.(05)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.,for,c. (06) He was looking for a glass the cupboard.,in,命题特点及改正方法： 介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误： 1）介词的基本用法； 2）习惯搭配； 3）动词词类确定错误，如 talk ,serve, wait等。,a. (02) As everyone knows, its famous mountain wi