unitfirstaids词汇讲解.ppt

Unit 5 First Aid Language Points,1. aid n. in aid of 为帮助 be an aid tofor对有帮助 dogiveoffer first aid进行急救 eg: A dictionary is an aid for learning a new language. 字典对学一门新语言有帮助.,2. temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的； n. 临时工； eg: He demanded that she should go to the temporary office at once. 他强烈要求她马上去临时办公室。 拓展： temporarily adv. 暂时地；临时地； temporariness n. 临时；暂时；,3. fall ill 生病 eg: The students fall ill when the flu breaks out. 流感爆发时同学们都生病了。 拓展： fall asleep 入睡； fall off 掉下；跌落； fall for 爱上；迷恋；上当；受骗； fall behind 落后 fall down 摔倒 fall to pieces 崩溃 fall in love 爱上,4. injury n. 损伤；伤害；v. 受伤 eg: He got serious injuries to the legs while working. 他工作时腿受重伤。 拓展： do sb. an injury =do an injury to sb. 伤害某人,【辨析】hurt, injure, wound hurt：受伤的一般用语，可指肉体上伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，作vi.为疼痛。 injure:多指由于意外事故而受伤。 wound：指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、创伤，尤指战斗中受伤。,5. bleed vi. & vt. 流血； eg:1) If you cut your finger, it will bleed. 如果你割破手指，它会流血。 2) My heart bleeds for the victims of the air crash. 我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。 拓展： bleed for 为. .流血(伤心),对. .表示同情 bleed to death 流血而死 blood n. 血；血液； Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。,6. choke vi. & vt. 噎住；窒息； eg: He choked when he had lunch. 他午餐时噎住了。 拓展： choke to death 哽死 choke back 抑制；忍住（怒火，眼泪等）； choke down 硬咽；费力地咽下； choke up 呛住；哽住；堵塞；,1. She gave _ (急救) to the child when he was cut by a knife . 2. He has a _ (暂时的) house ,for he cant afford a flat. 3. You should not _ (生病) if you do exercise. 4. She has a serious _ (损伤) because she has an accident. 5. They decided to _ (毒杀) the tiger but failed.,aid,temporary,fall ill,injury,poison,巩固练习,1.it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch皮肤能 保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多流 失，正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮 肤还使你有触觉。,language points in reading text:,sense of touch触觉 其他表示各种感觉的词还有: sense of sight视觉； sense of hearing听觉； sense of taste味觉 sense of smell嗅觉； sense of humor 幽默感 sense of direction 方向感 sense of urgency紧迫感,2. barrier n. 界线, 屏障, 障碍物 The horse took the barrier easily. 那匹马轻松地越过了障碍。 Poor health may be a barrier to success. 健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。,3. get+过去分词 表被动或状态 The computer got damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting repaired now. My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball. Peter and Mary got married last year.,4. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine. as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如”或“就象”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。,另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子： As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later. 正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。 我们非常需要援助，这一点你是可以想象得到的。 We are，_，very much in need of help.,as you can imagine, 正如我们大家都知道的，霍金是一位当代顶尖的科学家。 _，Hawking is a leading modern scientist.,As is known to us all, 就像我在电话里说的一样，我会信守承诺的。 I will keep my promise，_ _.,as I told you on the phone,5. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment. (一度烫伤或烧伤的) 例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫（烧）伤。,mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。 如：Edward suffered a mild heart attack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。 mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的” 如：Shes the mildest person I have ever met in my life. 她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。,拓展： electric shock 触电；电休克； electrify vt. 通电；电气化； electrician n. 电工； electricity n. 电；电流； electronic adj. 电子的；,swollen adj. 肿起的，膨胀的，（河水）涨起的 Eg: The swollen balloon burst itself. 涨起的气球破了。 【扩展】 swell vi/vt 肿起， 肿大 (-swelled- swollen) 搭配 swell up 膨胀，肿胀 swell out 鼓起，凸出 swell with （心中）充满,Eg: Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her. 她的胳膊让蜜蜂蛰了，肿了起来。 The sails swelled (out) in the wind. 船帆鼓满了风。 Her heart swelled with happiness. 她心中充满了幸福。,8. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。,unless除非；如果不。如： Dont make it public unless I agree. 除非我同意，否则不能公布于众。 Unless the destruction of the ozone layer is stopped, the polar ice caps will melt with terrible consequences. 如果不停止对臭氧层的破坏的话，南北两极的冰冠就可能融化并造成可怕的后果。,stick 1) stick sth. on sth. 贴在上 Stick a label on your suitcase. 2) stick sth. to sth. 粘住 Stick the glue to my fingers. 3) stick sth. in sth. 陷在里 Stick the key in the mud.,问题： 你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？,9. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. 立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。 -y是个形容词后缀。如： windy有风 hilly多小山的 sleepy困倦的 greeny略呈绿色的 spicy辛辣的 woody树木茂密的,10. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的； eg: He doesnt want to learn English, which is very unbearable. 他不想学英语，这一点不能容忍. 拓展： bearable adj. 可以忍受的；可以容忍的； bear v. 负担；容忍；忍受；生育； n. 熊； bearin mind =keep in mind =learn by heart 记住；背会；,11. squeeze vi. squeeze o 将某物挤成,12treat vt. 治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待 treat.as/like把当做 treat sb./oneself(to sth.)请客吃 be ones treat由/该某人请客,即学即练(1)They _ me _ one of the family, which was very kind of them. 他们把我作为一个家庭成员来对待，他们真是太好了。 (2)He is seriously ill, and _in hospital now.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。 (3)Well _ you _ dinner.我们请你吃饭。 (4)_. What would you like to eat? 我请客，你们想吃什么？,treated,as,is being treated,treat,to,Its my treat,13. over and over again =over and over =again and again =time and again反复；多次； eg: The teacher demands that the students should read the passage over and over again. 老师要求学生应反复读课文。,14apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 apply to适用于 apply.to.把应用到 apply to sb. for.向某人申请 apply oneself to(doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事,即学即练(1)What you said doesnt _ me.你所说的并不适合我。 (2)You cant _ this rule _ every case. 这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。 (3)She _ a job _ an English teacher. 她应征英语教师的工作。 (4)We had to _ the government _ financial help.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。,apply to,apply,to,applied for,as,apply to,for,(5)He _ learning English. 他专心学英语。,applied himself to,15. Hold the bandage in place with tape. 用胶布把绷带固定。,in place在适当的地方。如： The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。 Youd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 你最好把你的东西放回原位, 不然很难找。,in place 在适当的位置；适当 out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当 in the first place 首先，第一 in the next place 其次，第二点 in place of. 代替 take the place of. 代替，取代 take ones place 代替某人；就座 take place 发生，举行 give place to 让位于，为取代,即学即练(1)She likes everything to be _ before she starts work. 她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。 (2)Her dress was quite _ at the ceremony. 在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。 (3)I felt completely _ among all those smart rich people. 在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。 (4)_ for the next dance. 各就各位，准备跳下一个舞。,in place,in place,out of place,Take your places,16put ones hands onlay/get ones hands on 找到，得到 at hand 在手边；即将来到 by hand 用手做，靠手工 from hand to hand 从一人手中传到另一人手中 hand in hand 手拉手，共同地 in hand 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下 join hands 携手，联手 on the one hand., on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面 out of hand 无法控制,即学即练8(1)Ill bring some tapes if I can _ them. 如果找得到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。 (2)_， I want to sell the house, but _ I cant bear the thought of moving. 一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。 (3)Dont worryall the arrangements are _. 别担心，一切都安排好了。,lay my hands on,On the one hand,on the other hand,in hand,(4)He believes that the great day is _. 他相信这个伟大的日子就要来到了。,at hand,apply vt. 应用，实施，使用 apply to apply the theory to practice 理论应用于实际 vi. 适用 apply to sth The rule doesnt apply to children. 这种规则不适用于孩子。,apply for 申请；请求 apply for a job 求职 apply for a visa 申请签证 apply to sb for help 请求某人帮助 apply oneself to (介词) 致力于 He applied himself to his new job. 他努力干好新的工作。 apply ones mind to (介词) 专心于 He applied his mind to the difficulty. 他专心思考这个难题。,17make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 make no difference(to sb./sth.) 对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧 make some difference(to sb./sth.) 对某人/物有些作用或影响 tell the difference分辨，区分，区别,即学即练9(1)It _ which way he goes. 他走哪条路会有很大不同。 (2)Whether he will come _. 他是否来无关紧要。 (3)The twins are so alike. Its difficult to _.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。,makes a great difference,makes no difference,tell the difference,.重点句型详解,1If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if_possible. 如果烫伤的部位在臂部或腿部，如果可能的话就要把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。,if possible 为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为 if it is possible。 If possible, do it by yourself. 可能的话，你自己做。 If possible, Ill go to Beijing tomorrow. 如果可能的话，明天我要去北京。,拓展：if so 如果这样的话 if not 如果不是的话 if any 如果有的话 if necessary 如果必要的话 if ever 如果曾经有的话,仿写：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 如果可能的话，我想做个飞行员。 I want to be a pilot _.,if possible, 如果这样我们就会上大当。 _，we shall be badly fooled. 如有需要请与我们联系。 _，please contact us.,If so,If necessary,即境活用1 I hear Bob has been ill in hospital for days. _， lets go to see him. AIf ever BIf any CIf possible DIf so,答案：D,解析：考查省略句 if so“如果这样的话”。,2John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在屋里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。,when 并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于 and then。 when 作并列连词用时，构成并列句，意为“就在这时，恰恰在这时”，多用在下列句型中： .be doing.when. 正在这时 .be about to do.when. 正打算做这时 be just going to do.when. 正要这时 had just done.when. 刚做了这时 be on the point of doing.when. 正要这时,He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door. 他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。 I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我刚想出门，这时有人敲门。 We had just begun to work when the machine broke down. 我们刚开始工作，这时机器坏了。 The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the ladys handbag when the bus suddenly stopped. 小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。,即境活用2 The children were playing football happily on the playground _ it began to rain heavily. Aas Bwhile Cwhen Dsuddenly,答案：C,解析：句意为：孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。,I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. There are over 115 different kinds of _ (poison) snakes in Australia. 2. Doctors in that hospital are developing a new _ (treat) for cancer. 3. He is a _ (mildly) person who never shouts. 4. This machine has an _ (electric) fault.,poisonous,treatment,mild,electrical,5. His face was _ (swell) up with toothache. 6. If he _ (blood) too much, his life will be in danger. 7. His foot was burned by hot water and there were several _ (water) blisters on it.,swollen,bleeds,watery,II. 根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语 并用其适当形式填空。 1. protect; defend a. Taking an umbrella can _ you from rain. b. Schools should give children lessons on how to _ themselves.,protect,protect / defend,2. wound; injure; hurt a. She was badly _ when she fell off her bike. b. His leg _ when he walks. c. The soldier g