school bullying校园霸凌.ppt

Bullying,WhatisBullying?,Peerbullyingistherepetitiveandpersistentpatternofbehaviorsdirectedbyoneormorechildrentowardanotherchild.Theseactionsareintendedtodeliberatelyinflictphysical,verbal,oremotionalabuse.(Hendershot,2006).,TypesofBullying,VerbalthreatsVerbalinsultsUseofnicknamesPhysicalthreatsassaultortheftSocialactsofexclusionfrompeergroupCyber-bullyingthroughelectronicmeanssuchase-mailorcellphones,WhereDoesBullyingOccur?,Bullyingismorelikelytooccurinlessstructuredsettingssuchasrecess,lunch,athleticcompetitions,orontheschoolbus.,PrevalenceofBullying,1of4childrenarebullied77%ofstudentsarebulliedmentally,verbally,andphysically1of5kidsadmittobeingabully8%ofstudentsmiss1dayofclasspermonthforfearofbullies43%fearharassmentintheschoolbathroomEvery7minutesachildisbulliedontheplayground,Whendoesbullyingbegin?,Bullyinggenerallybeginsintheelementarygrades,peaksinthesixththrougheightgrades,andpersistsintohighschool.Bullyingismoreprevalentamongmalesthanfemalesandismorefrequentamongmiddleschool-agedyouththanhighschool-agedyouth.,Malesvs.Females,MalesgenerallyengageinphysicalandverbalbullyingFemalesgenerallyengageinrelationalbullyingsuchasostracism,prejudice,andspreadingrumors,PotentialVictimsofBullying,ChildrenwithdiabetesChildrenwhoarelessphysicallyattractiveChildrenwhoareoverweightChildrenwhoaredisabledChildrenwhoperformpoorlyinschoolChildrenwithlearningdisabilitiesorADHDChildrenwhoarepassiveChildrenwithpersonality,behavioral,andsocialdifferencesChildrenwhoaregayorlesbian,PotentialBullies,Childrenwhohaveahistoryofbeingbulliedbyotherchildren.Childrenwithahistoryofchildhoodphysical,sexual,orverbalabuse.ChildrenwhohavelearningdisabilitiesChildrenwhohaveADHD,ConsequencesofBullying,Problembehaviors,suchassmokinganddrinkingalcohol.SocialisolationPooracademicperformanceAbulliedchildmayimitatethebullyingbehaviorandbecomeaggressive.Morethantwiceaslikelytocommithomicide.,History,Doesthechildfeelsafeatschool?Doesthechildfeelsafeontheplayground,orinthebathroom?Doesthechildhavefrequentabsenteeism?Doesthechildexhibitdepression,loneliness,lowselfesteem,aggression,socialisolation,pooracademics?Doesthechildexhibitalossofappetiteorhavenightmares?Doesthechildexhibitschoolphobia?,CurrentTrendsinManagement,Referraltoschoolnurse,schoolcounselor,principal,socialworkerand/orschoolpolice.Mediationbetweenbullyandthebulliedchild,andtheirparents,ifnecessary.,CurrentTrendsinManagement,Trainingforeducatorsandschoolnursestoreadilyidentifythosewhobullyandthosewhoareatriskforbeingbullied.Peermediationtrainingforstudents,CurrentTrendsinManagement,Protectionandcounselingforchildwhohasbeenbullied.Counselingforthebully.School-widebullyingpreventionprogramswithamultidisciplinaryapproach.Socialskillstraining,conflictmanagementtraining,roleplayingtoempowerchildren.Creationofsafeenvironmentatschoolwithadequateadultsupervision.,CurrentTrendsinManagement,Peersupportgroups.Consistentdisciplinaryresponsesandenforcementofcodesofbehavior.Rolemodelsandmentorsforstudents.,ResourcesforParents,Teachers,andSchoolNurses,Resources,NationalAssociationofSchoolNursespositionstatementsandissuebriefs/,References,Davis,C.(2006).Schoolsoutforbullying.Nursingstandard,20(21).