中考英语总复习第3篇语法知识专题第1节名词名词所有格人教新目标版.ppt

第三篇语法知识专题,第一节名词/名词所有格,名词(一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。,1,(二)名词的数：名词按事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。1可数名词：有复数；单数前加a/an。2不可数名词：无复数；不能用a,an修饰。(1)可数名词复数形式的不规则变化,2,国人变复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余一般s加后面。,3,(2)可数名词复数形式的规则变化,4,(3)不可数名词：分为抽象名词和物质名词，表数量时要用“基数词或不定冠词量词of不可数名词”，注意of后的名词只能用原形。如：apieceofnews,twopiecesofbread。,5,名词的形容词转换：nyrainrainycloudcloudysunsunnyluckluckyhealthhealthynfuluseusefulharmharmfulbeautybeautifulcarecarefulwonderwonderfulthankthankfulnlessuselesscarecarelesshelphelplessnlyfriendfriendlylovelovelymonthmonthlynnAsiaAsianAmericaAmericanAustraliaAustraliannenwoolwoolenwoodwoodengoldgolden,6,(三)名词考点1集体名词：family，people，crowd，class，police(1)指整体时，视为单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。(2)指成员时，视为复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Herfamilyis(be)verybig.她家是一个大家庭。Herfamilyare(be)footballfans.她全家人都是足球迷。,7,2man，woman作定语修饰名词时，当表示复数意义时，man,woman及所修饰的名词均要用复数形式。如：menteachers，womenteachers。其余只有后一个名词用复数如：boystudents，girlstudents,appletrees。3短语“a/this/thatpairof复数名词”作主语时，动词用单数。Howmuchis(be)thispairofshoes?Thatpairofpantsis(be)mine.4“名词介词(with/except.)名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由介词前的名词决定。Lucywithherfriendsgoes(go)totheparkeverySunday.,8,5表时间、金钱、距离的名词作主语时，视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Tenyearsis(be)averylongtime.6常考的不可数名词roomspace空间；空地Thereisnoroomtoputthedeskhere.news，information，advice，weather，music，pollution,population.7exercise作不可数名词，意为“锻炼”。作可数名词意为“练习；操”。Weshouldtakemoreexercise.Itsgoodforourhealth.Doingmoreeyeexercisesisgoodforoureyesight.Togethighscoresweshoulddomanymathexerciseseveryday.,9,名词所有格(一)名词所有格表示人或物的隶属和所有关系，有两种表示形式：1有生命的名词后加-s。2无生命的名词后加of介词短语。,10,(二)名词所有格考点1表几十分钟的路程的短语：tenminuteswalkatenminutewalk2双重所有格和一般所有格的区别：aphotoofmysisters(照片属于我姐姐，但照片上的人不一定是我姐姐)；aphotoofmysister(照片上的人是我姐姐)3名词所有格表住宅，学校，店铺，诊所(这些名词常省略)theGreens格林一家atthedoctors在诊所,11,考点一名词的分类1(2016中考改编)Thestudentsdidntfindmuch_aboutthetopiconthatwebsite.()A.reportBarticleCinformation2(2016中考改编)Lookatmystamps.Theyareverybeautiful!Youvegotawonderful_.()A.instructionBdescriptionCcollection3(2016中考改编)MyfavoriteTV_isABiteofChina(舌尖上的中国)Ilikeit,too.Mymotheroftencooksdeliciousfoodafterwatchingit.()A.guidebookBprogramCinstruction,C,C,B,12,4(2016中考改编)Someonecalledyoujustnow.Iknow.ButIwasbusyatthattime.WhenIcalledback,therewasno_.()A.voiceBsoundCanswer5(2016中考改编)Hewillhavetowatchhis_becauseofhisseriousstomachproblem.()A.styleBdietCsmell6(2016中考改编)TheChinesesaying“Atreecantmakeaforest”tellsusthat_isveryimportantinafootballmatch.()AabilityBdecisionCteamwork,C,B,C,13,7(2016中考改编)Astudyshowsthatgoodhabitsplayaveryimportant_inchildrenseducation.Ithinkso.()A.senseBpartCreason8(2016中考改编)Therearealotof_ofbikeriding.Iagree.Itsgoodfortheenvironmentanditsavesmoney.()AinstructionsBinstrumentsCadvantages,B,C,14,考点二名词的数1(2016中考改编)Mum,Iveheardthatwecanteat_thesedays.Isittrue?Takeiteasy.Itissafetoeatcookedmeat.()A.chickensBchickenCachicken2(2016中考改编)Ihavegreat_infinishingtheworkbymyself.Canyouhelpme?Noproblem.()A.funBsuccessCdifficulty,B,C,15,3(2016中考改编)AtnightinZunyi,wecanseemanycolorfullightsonboth_ofthestreets.()A.sidesBsideCsides4(2016中考改编)Imhappytoseegreat_havetakenplaceinmyhometown.Manynewroadshavebeenbuilt.()A.experiencesBchangesCdreams5(2016中考改编)Beinghonestisthefirst_ifyouwanttomakefriendswithothers.()A.stepBtimeChand,A,B,A,16,考点三名词所有格1(2016中考改编)Tomswatchisthesameashis_.()A.brotherBbrothersCbrothers2(2016中考改编)WhydidtheyhelpMrs.Brownwithherwork?Becauseshewas_.()AanoldfriendofthemBagoodfriendoftheirsCthefriendofthem,C,B,17,3(2016中考改编)Idontthinkdoinghouseworkisjust_work.()A.womanBwomensCwomen4(2016中考改编)_motherisntathome,andshehastraveledaboard.()A.AliceandLilysB.AlicesandLilysC.AlicesandLily5(2016中考改编)Howfarisitfromheretothepolicestation?Itsabout_ride.()A.fortyminuteB.fortyminutesC.fortyminutes6(2016中