《宾语从句UP》PPT课件.ppt

,TheObjectclause,宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMr.LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句,二、宾语从句三要素：,连接词,时态,语序,（一）连接词,1.that2.whether/if3.连接代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词whenwhywherehow,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时,2.if/whether“是否”，用它引导从句，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。Couldyoutellmeif(whether)MissBrownlivesinthathouse?,If与whether的区别,Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.Idontcareof_heishandsome.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,与ornot连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与todo不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,3.当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,how,why,howfar,howlong,howmany,howmuch,howoften作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。eg:Ididnthearwhathewantedmetodo.Iwanttoknowwhoisthatyoungman.Tomaskeduswhenwewouldstart.,（二）语序：陈述句语序,（三）时态：主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。,即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,Doyoustillrememberwhathesaid?(他说的什么)?,特殊情况：,1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.,三、宾语从句注意事项,(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?,(二)只能用whether不能用if的情况,1.在介词后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidntthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.,3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.,5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.,(三)用if不用whether的情况:,1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时：HeaskedmeifIhadntfinishmyhomework.2.引导条件状语从句，if意为“如果”时:Wellgohikingifitdoesntraintomorrow.,三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail.,(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(2)Shedoesntknowwhatsheshoulddonext.Shedoesntknowwhattodonext.,(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?Willyoupleaseshowme_.(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todosth结构。eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.,howtoworkitout,四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)Idontthinkhewillcomewithyou.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)Idontbelievehehasfinishedthework,_?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasntatschool,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语由主句的主语充当。,hashe,didnthe,句子类型,that,陈述句,一般疑问句,if/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,宾语从句三件事，时态语序连接词；主从时态要一致，陈述语序才合适；一般问句做从句，连接词if别忘记；特殊问句做宾从，特殊问词莫漏掉。,歌诀助学,知识链接,有了以上的知识作基础，练练你的能力，相信你一定能作对这些题。,1.Iwanttoknow_hecanbehereontime.A.whoB.whenC.whereD.if2.Couldyoutellme_?A.whatyourmotherdoB.whatdoesyourmotherdoC.yourmotherdoesD.whatyourmotherdoes3.Didyouknow_asportsmeetingnextSaturday?A.therewouldhavetobeB.iftherewereC.iftherewasgoingtobeD.therewasgoingtohave4.Tellme_,please.A.HowoldisheB.howoldheisC.heishowoldD.howolddoeshe,一选择填空,D,D,C,B,5.Iaskedhimwhetherhe_howtopronouncethisword.A.knowsB.knewC.hasknownD.willknow6.Dicksaidthathe_inatraintoWashingtonatsevenyesterday.A.rideB.wouldrideC.wasridingD.hadridden7.Petersaidthathe_thewaytothechemistsshop.A.doesnotknowB.didnotknowC.donotknowD.didnotknew8.Hesaidthathe_thenextday.A.willsetoffB.setC.wouldsetoffD.wontsetoff9.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_round.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be10.Hethinksheisright,_?A.doesheB.doesntheC.isheD.isnthe,B,C,B,C,A,B,Saythesentencesrightorwrong?Isaythattakingcareoftheenvironmentisimportant.IsaidthatIgotoschoolbybike.Itoldhimthatalotoffishhavealreadydied.Hesaidthathewillreturnthenextweek.MrSmiththoughtthatthetrainislikeabigmovingparty.Shethinksthatshehadwonthematch.,R,W,W,W,W,W,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_aboutthemurdernow.(talk),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,weredoing,Exercise:fillintheblanks,9.Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be)10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MrWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hadbeen,rises,did,were,Doyouknow_?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe_atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdo,C,B,巩固练习：,4Lilysmotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind_?whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily,C,3.Wedontknow_.-ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere,C,5.Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.,A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake,6.Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.,A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled,A,C,7.Couldyoupleasetellme_hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which,A,8.Couldyoutellme_?,A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijing,B.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing,C.whentheywillleaveBeijing,D.whendidtheyleaveBeijing,C,改错：,1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.,MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.,2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.,Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.,3.Hedoesntknowthatwhenshecancomeback.,Hedoesntknowwhenshecancomeback.,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastni