人教版高三四单元新课讲授课件.ppt

,人教修订版高中三年级Unit4,Reading,Doyouknowthem?,CarlLinnaeus(1707-1778),reproductivestructuresofflowers,DanielSolander(1733-1782),JamesCook(1728-1779),JosephBanks(1743-1820),JamesCooksvoyagesaroundtheworld,WhywasCarlLinnaeusimportanttothehistoryofbotanyasascience?,Listening,CarlLinnaeusdevelopedanewsystemtoclassifytheplantspecies.,Skimming,Whendidbotanybecomeaspecialscience?,Aftertheeighteenthcentury.,2.HowwasplantspeciesclassifiedbeforetheworkofCarlLinnaeus?,Plantsareclassifiedintoherbsandtrees,accordingtotheshape,ofthefruit,orwhethertheyhadflowersornot.,3.WhatisthedifferencebetweenLinnaeussystemandthatoftheotherscientists?,InLinnaeussystem,theidentificationofdifferentspecieswasbasedonthearrangementofthemaleandfemaleorgans,intheflowers,whiletheotherscientistsclassifiedplantsintoherbsandtrees,accordingtotheshapeofthefruit,orwhethertheyhadflowersornot.,4.WasDanielSolanderamemberoftheRoyalSociety?,No,hewasnt.,5.WhatdidJosephBanksdoonthethree-yearvoyage?,Ontheirthree-yearvoyage,JosephBanksdidnotonlystudyanddescribenewplantshefound,healsolookedoutforneweconomicspeciesandbecamethefirsttomovecropsfromone,6.Whatwastherelationshipamongthethreepersons?,DanielSolanderwasthestudentofLinnaeusandalifelongfriendofJosephBanks.,continenttoanotheronalargescale.,7.WhatgreatcontributionsdidJosephBanksmaketothebirthofbotanyasascientist?,Hediscoveredmanynewanimalsandplantsduringthethree-yearvoyage;hewasinvolvedinenterprisessuchastheexplorationofAfricaand,thesettlementofAustralia.Duringhis42-yearpresidencyoftheRoyalSociety,hehelpedtodeveloptheroyalgardensatKewintooneofthegreatestbotanicalgardensintheworld;heaccumulatedagreatdealof,knowledgeaboutplantsandagriculture;healsobuiltagreenhousetoexperimentwithgrowingpineapples;anditwashewhomadeKewacenterofscientificandeconomicresearch.,1.classifye.g.Thebooksinthelibraryareclassifiedbysubject.图书馆的书是按照科目分类的。classifysb./sth.(assth.)将某人某物归类,LanguagePoints,vt.编排;分类,e.g.Wouldyouclassifyhernovelsasseriousliteratureorasmereentertainment？你认为她的小说属于文学类呢，还是属于通俗读物类?classified分类的（常用作定语）aclassifieddirectory分类电话簿classifiedadvertisements分类广告,2.groupe.g.Thechildrengroupedroundthepiano孩子们集合在钢琴周围。Wecangroupanimalsintoseveraltypes我们可以把动物分成好几类。,v.集合,使成群;分类,3.promotevt.1)提升、晋升e.g.Mydaughtersjustbeenpromoted！我的女儿刚被提升了！Thefootballteamwaspromotedtothefirstdivision该足球队已晋升为甲级队。,2)促进；鼓励，推动e.g.Theorganizationworkstopromotefriendshipbetweennations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。,4.wealthn.wealth意为“财富”，多用作不可数名词。e.g.Despitehiswealth,heworkedtomakeacareerinscience.,Hegainedhis_byprinting_offamouswriters.(NMET1995)A.wealth;workB.wealths;worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works,D,析：根据wealth的词性，可排除B、C；works意为“作品，著作”。,5.appointvt.任命,约定(时间，地点等)1)appoint+n.Thepresidentappointedanewdirector.总经理任命了一位新主任。2)appoint+n.+(as/tobe)任命某人为Hewasappointedmayortothecity.他被任命为市长。,3)appointsb.todosth.指定某人做某事Theteacherappointedmetosweeptheclassroom.老师指定我打扫教室。4)appointsb.to派某人任某职Hewasappointedtothevacantpost他被委派填补那个空缺。,5)appointfor确定或决定某事物Theyhaveappointedadateforthemeeting.他们已经约定了开会的日期。,6)appointmentn.Imadeanappointmenttoseethedoctoratthree.我和医生约好3点钟看病。7)appointedadj.指定的，约定的attheappointedtime在约定的时间,6.calculatee.g.Theyuseacomputertocalculatethecostofajourney.他们用电脑计算旅行的费用。IcalculatethatwewillreachLondonatabout3p.m.我估计我们大约要在下午3点到达伦敦。,vt.计算；推算;估算,becalculatedtodosth旨在、打算或计划做某事e.g.Hisspeechwascalculatedtostirupthecrowd他的讲话是有意煽动群众的。calculationn.计算，推算,7.动词不定式可用作表语Secondly,thepurposeoftheexpeditionwastorecord,classifyanddescribeallplantandanimallifeobservedduringthetrip.动词不定式可用作表语，表示主语的具体内容，尤其可用于指未发生的情况。,Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.(上海2005春)A.notmakingB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.nortomake,C,析：两个或多个不定式表示并列或递进关系时，后面的不定式符号to常常省略，但当它们表示对比关系时，不定式符号to常常保留。本题题意为“新技术的目的是使生活更容易，而不是让生活更艰难”，两个不定式之间是对比关系。,8.expensee.g.Itstoomuchofanexpensetoownacar拥有一辆汽车的花费太大。atonesexpense由某人负担费用e.g.Hehadhisbookprintedathisownexpense他自己出钱印了书。,n花费，费用，经费,attheexpenseofsth以损害为代价；在损失或损坏的情况下e.g.Hebuiltupasuccessfulbusiness,butitwasalldoneattheexpenseofhishealth.他创建的企业很成功，但这一切都是以损害他的健康为代价的。,9.involvevt.1)需要Thislessoninvolvesalotofwork.这一课需要做的工作有很多。2)牵涉,牵连;包括Thestrikeinvolvedmanypeople.许多人参加了罢工。,involvesb.insth./doingsth使某人陷入或参与某活动Dontinvolvemeinsolvingyourproblem.叫你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去。Hewasinvolvedinaheatedargument他参与了一场激烈的争论。,10.accumulate1)vt.积累；聚集e.g.Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune.她由于投资精明而积蓄了一笔财产。Mysavingsareaccumulatinginterest我的储蓄不断生息。,2)vi.增加e.g.Dustanddirtsoonaccumulateifahouseisnotcleanedregularly.房间不经常打扫,尘土很快就越积越多。n.accumulation金钱、知识、经验等的积累,11.abandonabandononespost放弃职位abandononesfamily抛弃家庭Heabandonedhiswifeandwentawaywithalltheirmoney.他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。,vt.离开，遗弃,abandononeshope放弃希望abandononeselfto沉溺于abandoned被抛弃的,1._hadbeenmadebyothersto_plantspeciesintogroups,butthebreakthrough_theworkofCarlLinnaeus.,Attempts,classify,camewith,Practice,2.In1768,theRoyalNavy_JamesCookasthecommanderoftheEndeavortotakemembersof_onan_toTahiti.,appointed,theRoyalSociety,expedition,3.Healso_neweconomicspecies:plantsthatcouldbegrowninEnglandorotherpartsoftheworldtoproducecropsthatcouldbesold.,lookedoutfor,4.Bankswasthefirsttomovecropsfromonecontinenttoanother_,helpingtodeveloplocaleconomieswiththesenewimports.,largescale,ona,Post-reading,1.WhatwerethegoalsofJamesCooksfirstvoyagearoundtheworld?,ThegoalsofJamesCooksfirstvoyagearoundtheworld:theprimarygoalwastostudythepassingoftheplanetVenusacrossthesun;thesecondpurposewastorecord,classifyanddescribeallplant,andanimallifeobservedduringthetrip;thethirdonewastosearchforanunknowns