高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero高考题（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

unit 5 nelson mandela-a modern hero高考试题一passage1体裁话题词数难度建议时间议论文对马克吐温及他几部作品的评论67612分钟 (2013江苏阅读理解，d)mark twain has been called the inventor of the american novel. and he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.i say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the civil war. h. b. stowes uncle toms cabin is only the most famous example. these early stories dealt directly with slavery. with minor exceptions, twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. he drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.again and again, in the postwar years, twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. consider the most controversial, at least today, of twains novels, adventures of huckleberry finn. only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as huckleberry finn, twains most widely read tale. once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel trash and suitable only for the slums (贫民窟). more recently the book has been attacked because of the character jim, the escaped slave, and many occurences of the word nigger. (the term nigger jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it.)but the attacks were and are sillyand miss the point. the novel is strongly anti-slavery. jims search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. as j. chadwick has pointed out, the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities, the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: jim, the father and the man.there is much more. twains mystery novel puddnhead wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. written at a time when the accepted wisdom held negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, twains tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. a slave gave birth to her masters baby and, for fear that the child should be sold south, switched him for the masters baby by his wife. the slaves lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. the masters wifes baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.the point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. the features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudicemanner of speech, for example were, to twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.twains racial tone was not perfect. one is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called nigger shows in his youthmostly with white men performing in black-faceand his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality. his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.was twain a racist? asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of lincoln. if we read the words and attitudes of the past through the wisdom of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. and twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.65. how do twains novels on slavery differ from stowes?a. twain was more willing to deal with racism.b. twains attack on racism was much less open. c. twains themes seemed to agree with plots.d. twain was openly concerned with racism.66. recent criticism of adventures of huckleberry finn arose partly from its _.a. target readers at the bottomb. anti-slavery attitudec. rather impolite languaged. frequent use of nigger67. what best proves twains anti-slavery stand according to the author?a. jims search for his family was described in detail.b. the slaves voice was first heard in american novels.c. jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.d. twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.68. the story of two babies switched mainly indicates that _.a. slaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersb. slaves babies could pick up slave-holders way of speakingc. blacks social position was shaped by how they were brought upd. blacks were born with certain features of prejudice69. what does the underlined word they in paragraph 7 refer to?a. the attacks.b. slavery and prejudice.c. white men.d. the shows.70. what does the author mainly argue for?a. twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.b. twain was an admirable figure comparable to abraham lincoln.c. twains works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.d. twains works should be read from a historical point of view.【文章大意】本文是议论文，主要是对马克吐温及他几部作品的评论。文中描述了人们对马克吐温几部作品的评价，认为他的作品有争议性，没有直接表现反对奴隶制度和种族主义，但作者认为和他同时期的作家相比马克吐温在反对种族主义方面做了更大的贡献。66. d 【解析】考查细节理解。从第三段最后一句可知，这本书因为用了太多的nigger jim而受到批判。67. c 【解析】考查细节理解。从第四段可知作者认为马克吐温的小说是强烈反对奴隶制度的，在美国小说中吉姆这个人物首次获得认可，被认为是具备两种特征，即：是白人奴隶文化中幸存者的代言人和吉姆作为一个父亲一个男人的代言人。68. c 【解析】考查推理判断。从第六段可知是养育（生活环境）而不是自然是形成社会地位的关键。高考试题二体裁话题词数难度建议时间 记叙文 作曲家乔治格什温 347 8分钟（2013山东阅读理解，b）george gershwin, born in 1998, was one of americas greatest composers. he published his first song when he was eighteen years old. during the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs. many of gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in new york city. these plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. many of his songs have remained popular as ever. over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way from jazz to country. in the 1920s there was a debate in the united states about jazz music. could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? in 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader paul whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. and in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called rhapsody in blue. gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. the audience were thrilled when they heard his music. it made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular. in 1928, gershwin went to paris. he applied to study composition (作曲)with the well-known musician nadia boulanger, but she rejected him. she was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style. while there, gershwin wrote an american in paris. when it was first performed, critics (评论家)were divided over the music. some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. but it quickly became popular in europe and the united states. it still remains one of his most famous works. george gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. he was only thirty-nine years old. newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. people mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written. 61many of gershwins musical works were _ . a. written about new yorkers b. composed for paul whitemanc. played mainly in the countrysided. performed in various ways 62what do we know about the concert organized by whiteman?a. it attracted more people to theatresb. it proved jazz could be serious musicc. it made gershwin leader of the orchestrad. it caused a debate among