河北省成安县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练（5）.doc

河北成安县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（5）【2014高考训练】 a new report from the united states surgeon general finds that smoking tobacco is even deadlier than had been knownthe report says smoking causes birth diseasesa leading cause of death among babiesit also links smoking to cancer of the liver and colon，diabetes and other illnesses the first ussurgeon generals report on tobacco and health was released in 1 964it was the first scientific report to link smoking with lung cancer and heart diseasenow,50 years later,acting surgeon general boris lushniak has released a new reporthis report provides more evidence about smoking tobacco and how it can harm health “if were going to work together to achieve a society free of tobacco-related disease，this must be understood，”said lushniak the new report urges increased use of tobaccocontrol measuresthe suggested controls include raising prices of cigarettes，and expanding bans on smoking in enclosed spaces. doctor lushniak also said smoking holds back the bodys natural defenses for fighting diseasehe said this increases a smokers likelihood of getting an infectious disease one of the most disturbing findings is that the disease risks from smoking by women have risen sharply over the last fifty yearswomen are now as likely to die from smoking as men，women smokersrisk of lung cancer is now the same as men，and more women die from chronic lung disease than men，”said lushniak the new report finds that those who do not smoke are at a higher risk for stroke if left unprotected from tobacco smokethe latest research also shows damage to unborn childrenbabies are more likelv to be born with cleft palate(先天性腭裂)if the mother smokesthe chemicals in tobacco smoke can have lasting effects on brain development in a fetus(胎儿) the surgeon general would like to see more action to keep young people from developing a smoking habithe supports higher prices on cigarettes，more anti-smoking media campaigns and more help for people who want to quit smoking56the new findings shows that smoking tobacco_acan cause lung cancer and heart diseasebhas little to do with diabetes and other diseasescis the biggest health killer in the worldddoes greater harm than what had been widely known57from the new report，we learn that_amental disease is a number one cause of deaths among babiesbsmoking weakens the bodys natural defensescwomen smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer than mendtobacco smoke has no bad effect on unborn children58the underlined word“this”in paragraph 3 refers to_athe evidence about smoking and how it harms healthba society free of tobacco-related diseasescincreased use of tobaccocontrol measuresdthe first ussurgeon generals report59which of the following will receive lushniaks approval?adecreasing prices of cigarettesballowing smoking in enclosed spacescmore anti-smoking media campaignsdmore help for people who smoke60what is the best title for the passage?aanti-smoking media campaignsbthe first ussurgeon generals reportctobacco-control measures benefit womendsmoking causes more health problems【参考答案】56-60 dbacd 【语篇导读】抽烟会导致许多健康问题而不仅仅是肺癌。一份美国新报告发现，吸烟比过去所知晓的更为致命。该报告显示，吸烟会导致先天性缺陷，这是婴儿死亡的主要原因。报告称吸烟还与肝癌、结肠癌、糖尿病等疾病有关。56. d 细节信息的理解。由文章第一段第一句“a new report is even deadlier than had been known.”可得出答案。新报告发现，吸烟比过去所知晓的更为致命。57. b 考查对短文多个信息的分析和概括。文章第五段“ smoking holds back the bodys natural defenses .”告诉我们：吸烟会抑制人体抵抗疾病的天然防御系统。因此，b为正确答案。58. a 根据上下文的逻辑判断指代关系。根据上下文结构及文意，可以得出结论：想要共同努力建设一个无烟草相关疾病的社会，我们必须知道更多吸烟及其危害健康的事实及证据。59. c 根据细节信息作分析推断。由文章第四段和最后一段可以看出：boris lushniak的新报告督促增强烟草控制措施的运用，包括扩大密闭场所的禁烟令。他支持提高香烟价格，举办更多反对吸烟的媒体宣传活动，以及为戒烟者提供更多帮助。60. d 考查对文章主旨大意的理解。综合全文可知：抽烟会导致许多健康问题，而不仅仅是肺癌。【山东省2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】cthere were smiling children all the wayclearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards penangoften whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relativesthis is the simple village people of maiaysiai was movedi had always traveled to malaysia by plane or car，so this was the first time i was on a traini did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and rereadi looked about the trainthere was not one familiar facei sighed and sat down to read my economicsit was not long before the train was across the causeway and in malaysiajohore baru was just another city like singapore，so i was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried pastas we went beyond the city，i watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of greenthen the first village came into sightimmediately i came alivei decided to wave hackfrom then on my journey became interestingi threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in malaysian lifethen everything came alivethe mountains seemed to speak to meeven the trees were smilingi stared at everything as if i was looking at it for the first timethe day passed fast and i even forgot to have my lunch until i felt hungryi looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pmsoon the train pulled up at butterworthi looked at the people all around methey all looked beautifulwhen my uncle arrived with a smile，i threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug （拥抱）i had never done this beforehe seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smilewe walked arm in arm to his cari looked forward to the return journey51the author expected the train trip to be _aadventurous bpleasant cexcitingddull52what did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?athe friendly country people bthe mountains along the waycthe crowds of people in the streets dthe simple lunch served on the train53which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?achoose benjoy cprepare for dcarry on54where was the writer going?ajohore baru bthe causewaycbutterworth dsingapore55what can we learn from the story?acomfort in traveling by t rain bpleasure of living in the countrycreading gives people delight dsmiles brighten people up【参考答案】5155 dabcd 【山东省2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】dfor those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villagesdistances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to villagejet plane fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years agoyet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too fara price has been paid，they say，for the conquest （征服） of time and distancetravel is something to be enjoyed，not endured （忍受）the boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the ever-changing sights and sounds of a journeya journey by train also has a special charm about itlakes and forests and wild，open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothingon board a plane，however，there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow window of the airplanethe soft lighting，in-flight films and gentle music make up the only world you know，and the hours progress slowly then there is the time spent being “processed” at a modern airportpeople are conveyed like robots along walkways；baggage is weighed，tickets produced，examined and produced yet again before the passenger move again to another waiting areajourneys by rail and sea take longer，yes，but the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absentno wonder，then，that the modern high-speed trains are winning back passengers from the airlinesman，however，is now a world traveler and can not turn his back on the airplanethe working lives of too many people depend upon it；whole new industries have been built around its design and operationthe holiday maker，too，with limited time to spend，patiently endures the busy airports and limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days，relaxing in the sunspeed controls peoples lives；time saved，in work or play，is the important thingor so we are toldperhaps those first horsemen，riding free across the wild，open plains，were enjoying a better world than the one we know todaythey could travel at will，and the clock was not their master56what does the writer try to express in paragraph1? atravel by plane has speeded up the growth of villagesbthe speed of modern travel has made distances relatively shortcthe freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreamsdman has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place57how does the writer support the underlined statement in paragraph2? aby giving instructionsbby analyzing cause and effectcby following the order of timedby giving examples58according to paragraph3，passengers are turning back to modern high-speed trains because_athey pay less for the tickets bthey feel safer during the travelcthey can enjoy higher speed of travel dthey dont have to waste time being “processed” 59what does the last sentence of the passage mean? athey could enjoy free and relaxing travel bthey needed the clock to tell the timecthey preferred traveling on horseback dthey could travel with their master60what is the main idea of the passage? aair travel benefits people and industriesbtrain travel has some advantages over air travelcgreat changes have taken place in modern traveldthe high speed of air travel is gained at a cost【参考答案】56-60 bddad 【山东省2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】emy sister jodie and i are always traveling for workas jewelry designers, we need to go to a lot of showswe cant pack lightly and usually bring about four suitcases filled with our workmost of our stuff is made from heavy materials and metalsso part of the routine for us when we fly is getting stopped by securityour jewelry sets off the alarms, and weve become accustomed to arriving early to go through private screeningsmost of the time, its not troublesomehowever, on our recent trip to a paris trade show, we were stopped at security and asked to empty our bagsone of the agents walked over to another agent and they started whispering to each otherboth gentlemen came back, and one of them then told us that it seemed that we were carrying a very dangerous objectmy sister and i just said, “huh?” of course, we were a little concerned, thinking that maybe someone put something dangerous in one of our bags when we werent lookingone of the agents then started to unpack our bagsi kept asking what he was looking for and then the object in question finally appearedit was our cosima necklaceits a piece of jewelry, with large, metal triangular spikesmy sister and i looked at each other and breathed a huge sigh of reliefwe started laughing and explained to the two male agents that it was just a necklace from our collection, not a weapon of mass destructionthey thought we were lying, and one agent kept repeating that he believed it was a weaponi tried to explain that we were jewelry designers going to a trade show, and this was simply a piece from our collectionbut the agents didnt buy itthen a few women guards came over to assistone of the women guards was holding an earring up to her ear and another was trying on a ring