应用语言学 Inerersonal Functionppt课件.ppt

Interpersonalfunction 1 InterpersonalFunction Weuselanguageto interactwithotherpeople toestablishandmaintainrelationships toinfluencebehaviour toexpressourownpointofview toelicitorchangethepointofviewofothers 2 Interpersonalfunctionhasitsownsystemofmeanings FourbasicspeechrolesasidentifiedbyHallidayandMatthiessen 2004 108 givinginformationstatementdemandinginformationquestiongivinggoodsandservicesofferdemandinggoodsandservicescommand 3 Functionsassociatedwithparticulargrammaticalstructures StatementsbydeclarativeclausesQuestionsbyinterrogativeclausesCommandsbyimperativeclausesOffersoddoneout notassociatedwithaspecificmoodchoice 4 InterpersonalFunctionlookedatintermsof MoodModality 5 Mood Howclausesarestructured SubjectandFinite e g They veallgone Theysubject haveistheauxiliaryverb infunctionalgrammar thisiscalledthefinite 6 Mood Subject Finite 7 Finite thefirstfunctionalelementoftheverbalgroup Didyouseehimthatday Didn thecomehomelastnight YoucanimaginehisreactionWhatwereyoudoing Someonemayhaveheardtheshot 8 Subject Finitealsocalledthemoodblock orderandpresenceofthesubjectandfinitedeterminewhetherornotthemoodoftheclauseis declarative realizingastatement interrogative realizingaquestion imperative realizingacommand 9 Moodblock subject finite therestoftheclauseiscalledtheresidue Moodblockcanbeeithersideofthesubject finite 10 i Declarative subject finite TomandNicoleweredrinkingredwinewiththeirmealiiYes NoInterrogative finite subject WereTomandNicoledrinkingredwinewiththeirmeal IiiWH Interrogative wherethequestionword who what which isthesubject subject finite Whohastakenallthewine Imperative nosubjectorfinite residueonly Drinkredwinewithyourmeal 11 StructureoftheResidue PredicatorPredicatorcontainsthelexicalelement softheverbalgroup ie nottheFinitegroup Itspecifieswhat sgoingon ThatbottleofwineshouldSubjectFiniteMoodblockbechilledforafewhoursPredicatorResidue 12 ThatbottleofwineshouldSubjectFiniteMoodblockbechilledforafewhoursPredicatorResidue 13 Sometimes Finiteisfusedwiththepredicator e g smoked drank threwGeraldthrewSubjectFinite PredicatorMoodblockhiscigarettesintothetrashResidue 14 Complement AComplementistypicallyaparticipantintheclause anelementwithintheResiduethathasthepotentialofbeingsubjectbutisnot Itistypicallyrealizedbyanominalgroup GeraldthrewSubjectFinite PredicatorMoodBlockhiscigarettesintothetrashComplementResidue 15 Adjunct Anotherpotentialconstituentoftheclauseisanadjunct istypicallyrealizedbyanadverbialgrouporaprepositionalphraseGeraldthrewSubjectFinite PredicatorMoodBlockhiscigarettesintothetrashComplementAdjunctResidue 16 Modality Modalityreferstohowspeakersandwriterstakeupaposition expressanopinion pointofviewormakeajudgment Inordertodothis make adjustments withinthemoodblock strong weakormiddleground NeedleexchangeprogrammescouldbegovernmentsponsoredNeedleexchangeprogrammesmustbegovernmentsponsored 17 modality modalization modulation Modalisation relatestothespeaker sjudgmentofthevalidityoftheproposition andcoversthescaleofintermsofprobability possible probable certain andusuality sometimes usually always Modulation relatestohowconfidentthespeakercanbeintheeventualsuccessoftheexchange anditincludesthedegreeofobligation allowed s