M1 U2 Grammar.ppt

M1Unit2Englisharoundtheworld Annesaid MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish Directspeech ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam Indirectspeech 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式 一是原封不动地引用原话 把它放在引号内 这叫直接引语 Directspeech 一是用自己的话加以转述 这叫间接引语 Indirectspeech WhatisDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech I 陈述句 1 Sheoftensays Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw 1 Sheoftensays that allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw 2 Ilikereadingstories saidJohn Johnsaidthathelikedreadingstories 3 Idon tlikecars Sarahsaidtohim Sarahtoldhimthatshedidn tlikecars 直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称 变间接引语时 人称要做相应调整 1 Shesaid Iamhungry Shesaidshewashungry 2 Mumsaidtome Youcandoityourself MumtoldmethatIcoulddoitmyself 3 Mr Blacksaid Ihavewalkedalongway Mr Blacksaidthathehadwalkedalongway 1 人称的变化 2 时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时 间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致 Hesays Itreatyouasmyson Hesaysthathetreatsmeashisson 1 主句为一般现在时 现在完成时或一般将来时的时候 间接引语时态不变 一般现在时 Iknowit hesaid 一般过去时Hesaidheknewit 2 当主句为过去时 从句要跟着相应的变化 现在进行时 I mmakingcoffeeforyouall shesaid 过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall 现在完成时 Ihaveseenherbefore saidhe 过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore 现在完成进行时Hesaid Ihavebeendoingitforhours 过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours 一般过去时 IsawherlastMonday hesaid 过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday 过去进行时 IwaswaitingforJim shesaid 过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim 一般将来时Hesaid Weshallstarttomorrow 过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday 过去完成时 Rickhadbeenillformanydaystillhedied Jacksaid 过去完成时JacksaidRickhadbeenillformanydaystillhedied 一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时 一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时 过去完成时过去进行时 过去完成时 主句为过去时 1 Itisreallycold shesaidtome Shetoldmethatit reallycold was 2 Idon twanttogotherewithAlice saidTom Tomsaidthathe wanttogotherewithAlice didn t 3 Theboysaid Iwillbeapilot Theboysaidthathe apilot wouldbe 4 Tomsaid Wearelisteningtomusic Tomsaidthatthey music werelisteningto 5 Mikesaid Ihavefinishedmyhomework Mikesaid hishomework hehadfinished 直接引语 间接引语 时间状语 nowtodaythisweekyesterdaylastweekfourdaysagotomorrownextmonththedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterday thenthatdaythatweekthedaybeforetheweekbeforefourdaysbeforethenextdaythenextmonthintwodays timetwodaysbefore 3 其他变化 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 地点状语 方向性动词 this that these those here there come go bring take II 疑问句 Theyasked Isiteasytosolvetheproblem Theyasked if whether itiseasytosolvetheproblem was Theyaskedifitwaseasytosolvetheproblem Heasked Whendoyouharvestthewheat Heasked when youharvestthewheat weharvested Theyaskedwhenweharvestedthewheat 1 Theteacheraskedthegirl Whyareyoucryinghere Theteacheraskedthegirl crying 2 Whenwilltheplanetakeoff Iwondered Iwondered whyshewas there whentheplanewouldtake off 3 Haveyouseenourplaneyourself heaskedtheboy Heaskedtheboy plane whetherhehad seentheirhimself 4 Theteacheraskedher Doesthesunriseintheeast Theteacheraskedher thesun intheeast whether rises III 祈使句 Command Request CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading Let sseehowtoretelltheminindirectspeech Lookatthisexample theteachersaidtous Wouldyouliketoseemyflat sheasked Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample Sheaskedmetoseeherflat InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething Pleaselookatthethreesentencesandtellthedifference Command Request Notpolite Verypolite Openthewindow Pleaseopenthewindow Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow Hesaidtothegirl Doitatonce Bequiet Itoldthechildren Hesaidtofarmers Dothingsattherighttimeoftheyear Don tgrowplantsinthesameplaceyearafteryear thefarmersaid 如何将祈使句变为间接引语 Heorderedthegirltodoitatonce Itoldthechildrentobequiet Hetoldfarmerstodothingsattherighttimeoftheyear Thefarmertoldmenottogrowplantsinthesameplaceyearafteryear 转述祈使句的时候 要将祈使句变为动词不定式并根据句子的意思用tell 命令 ask 请求 order 命令 等动词 如果祈使句为否定式 则变为nottodo Attention 有些句子虽以疑问形式出现 但并非提出疑问 而是表示请求 建议 劝告等意思 这种问句通常也采取ask advise 宾语 不定式来转为间接英语引语 如 Couldyoulendmeabike hesaid Wouldyoumindwaitingamoment hesaid Whydon tyougotherebyplane hesaid Whatabouthavingawalk hesaid Heaskedmetolendhimmybike Heaskedmetowaitamoment Headvisedmetogotherebyplane Hesuggestedhavingawalk Irequestthatyoushouldnotgiveupsuchagoodchance Thebosscommandedhiscrewshouldtakesafetymeasureswhileworking Hesuggestedthatsmokingbeforbiddeninthelibrary 下列动词后接宾语从句时 从句用虚拟语气 should do 一个 坚持 两个 建议 三个 命令 四个 要求 insistsuggest adviseorder command directask request demand require P12 3 Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest Thenretelltheminindirectspeech Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher Wouldyoupleasesingasongforus 2 Themothersaidtoherchild Turnofftheradio 3 Thedentistsaidtoapatient Openyourmouthplease soIcanseethebadtoothclearly Exercise Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem request Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio command Thedentistaskedhis herpatienttoopenhis hermouthsothathe shecouldseethebadtoothclearly request P12 3 Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest Thenretelltheminindirectspeech 4 Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone Couldyouholdonforaminute 5 Johnsaidtohisclassmate C