人教版高中英语必修1学案全套高一英语必修一《Unit 4 Earthquakes 》学案3.doc

高一、一英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes 导学案 N0.3编写人：袁存瑞审核人：张浩2012年10月25日考点诠释 定语从句（I)关系代词 that, which, who(m)和 whose考点1 关系代词的用法1.定语从句的概述在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种:关系代词和 关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that，which, who(宾格为whom,所有格为 关系词先行词在从句中充 当的成分备注关系来源:Z*xx*k.Com代w w w .x k b 1.c o m词who人主语、宾语whom, which和that在从句中作 宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提 前时后面的关系代词不能省略， 也不可以用that和whowhom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语whose + n. = the + n. + of which/whom = of which/whom + the+ n.(先行词指人时用 whom，指物时用which)whose)等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词有三 个作用:引导从句;指代先行词;在定语从句中作成分。如：The people whom you met on the campus yesterday are from England.你昨天 在大学校园里见到的那些人来自英国。He is reading a book which is written by Lu Xun.他正在读一本鲁迅写的书。2.关系代词的用法(1)关系代词有who，whom, whose, which, that。它们的具体使用情况如下表所示：(2)在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点:一是先行词是“人” 还是“物”;二是关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分。如：He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算话的人。（先行词指人,关系代词who/that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语）w W w . X k b 1. c O m Is there anyone in your class whose father is a teacher?你们班有谁的父亲是老师？（先行词指人,关系代词whose引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语）To be frank, I dont like the movie (which/that) you recommended to me yesterday.说实话，我不喜欢你昨天推荐给我的那部影片。（先行词指物， 关系代词which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略）关系代词用that不用which的情况1.当先行词是all, much, anything, nothing, little, none 等不定代词时 (something, everything, anything作先行词时，关系代词偶尔也可以用which)She told me everything that she knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。2.先行词既有人又有物时I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。3.先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们 所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。4.先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。5.先行词为thelast, the only, the very, the same等或被这些词修饰时 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史先生副也唯一认识的外国人。6.主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Which is the true story that he told us?他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？7.当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在从句中作表语时Tom isnt the man that he used to be.汤姆不再是过去的样子了。考点3关系代词用which而不用that的情况1.先行词that时Whats that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么?Its a football.那是一个足球。2.关系代词前有介词时w W w .x K b 1.c o MThis is the room in which he lives.这是他住的房间。3.引导非限制性定语从句时Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。定语从句的注意事项1.关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单 复数。如：He is the only one of the students who knows French in our class.他是我们班 里唯一懂法语的学生。（the only one为先行词）He is one of the students who know French in our class.他是我们班里懂法语 的学生之一。（students为先行词）2.关系代词的省略:在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作动词的宾语或介词的宾语(这时介词不能在关系代词前)时常可省略。如：The boy (that/who/whom) we saw last night was Li Ming.我们昨晚见到的那 个男孩是李明。3.the same.as 与 the same.that 的区别一般情况下，the same.as指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而the same. that与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。如：This is the same pen as I bought yesterday.这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。(同一类）This is the same pen that I borrowed from Mr. Li.这就是我从李老师那里借 的钢笔。（同一物）1.(2011.山东)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.A. they B where C. what D. that2.(2011 福建）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. whichB. whereG； whatD. who3.(2011 新课标全国卷)The prize will go to the writer _story shows the most imagination.A. that B. whichC. which D. what4. (2010 .湖南）Ive become good friends withseveral of the students in my school _Imet in the English speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which5. -Do you have anything to say for yourselves?-Yes, there, s one point _we mustinsist on.A. whyB. whereC. howD. /6.(2010 全国卷II) I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.A. whoB. thatC. as D. what7 .Jack is the most intelligent man _ Ive ever met.A. which B. what C. which D. that8.(2010 全国卷I)As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named father his grandfather.A. which B. where C. what D. that9.(2009 江西）The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office.A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which10.(2010 全国卷 II ) Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 11. I have the same magazine _ you bought just now.A. which B. like C. that D. as语法精练1.The girls _served in the shop were the owners daughters.2. This is a story about a girl_name is Liu Hulan.3.This is our classroom，the windows of _face the south.4.Here is a book _will give a lot of useful knowledge.5.This is the songwe like best.6.I will never forget the day on _I first saw him.7The clock is that _tells the time.8.All_I told you just now is true.9.They talked about the things and persons _they remembered in the school.10. He did not study hard,_led to his failure.n.单项填空1.Tom is good at math，so I think he is the student_can help you to work out this problem.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. what2.This girl is familiar to me； maybe she is the girl_I met in the street yesterday.A. whomB. whichC. asD. what3.Im not sure whether this is the book _my brother read the day before yesterday.A. whoseB. asC. whatD. which4.Im sorry that I dont know much about American films, because this is the first American film_ I have ever met.A. which B. that C. what D. as5. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading.A. as B. whose C. who D. that6.The most important thing_we should pay attention to is the first thing_I have said.A. which； thatB. that; whichC. which； whichD. that; that7. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and people _none of us had ever heard of.A. whichB. asC. whoD. that8. The lake is calm and clear, and one of the things that _in the water is the famous tower.A. r