高考英语 易错点点睛与高考突破 专题12 情景交际.doc

2013年高考英语 易错点点睛与高考突破 专题12 情景交际【2013高考预测】1.表示劝告、建议或征求对方意见的交际用语2.问候、感谢、祝愿及其应答道歉、遗憾与应答3.特殊场所或情景下的交际用语4.避免将汉语的思维方式运用到英语中5.在口语中，某些特殊动词应该用特殊的应答方式【难点突破】根据大纲的要求，我们考生所要熟悉的功能意念部分包括：问候，介绍，告别，感谢和应答，祝愿、祝贺和应答，邀请和应答，提供(帮助等)和应答，约会，请求、允许和应答;同意和不同意，喜好和厌恶，决断和坚持，判断和意见，职责，能力，偏爱，责备和抱怨，肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，可能和不可能，预见、猜测和相信，请求，劝告和建议，许诺，提醒，表示焦虑，表示惊奇，表示喜悦等三十余项。但是，近年来高考的高频考点主要包括：谈论天气，购物，就餐，打电话，传递信息，看病，求救，语言困难，标志和说明，意原和希望，肯定和不肯定，猜测和相信，劝告和建议，职责，能力，偏爱，责备和抱怨等数项。秘笈一：避免上词下用上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“i dont”应答“dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，用“dont be sorry”回答“im sorry i broke your mirror”，以及用“no thanks”回答“thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目，二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。请看下例：i wonder if i could use your telephone._.a.i wonder how b.i dont wonder c. sorry，its out of order d. no wonder, here it is秘笈二：终止中文思维与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。请看下例：do you think its going to rain over the weekend?_.a.i dont believe b.i dont believe it c.i believe not so d.i believe not秘笈三：反对直接回绝这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语国家的交际习惯。“请求”方面的问 话有may i?/can i?/i wonder if i could/do you mind if i?等，“邀请”方面 的问话有will you?/would you like to?/id like to invite to等。在作否定回答 时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but, im afraid, im sorry, thanks, please, had better等。请看下例：i didnt know this was a one-way street, officer._a. thats all right. b. i dont believe you. c. how dare you say that? d. sorry, but thats no excuse.秘笈四：杜绝答非所问一般情况下，应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风牛马不相及的话，考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是with pleasure和its a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答 ，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。 请看下例：sorry, i couldnt come to the party. i was sick that day._.a.i dont know that b. thats all right c. yes, well have another party d. no, the party wasnt held难点 1 避免将汉语的思维方式运用到英语中1.you speak english very well. .a. no,you are wrong b. thats very kind of youc. no, not so well d. of course难点 2 在口语中，某些特殊动词应该用特殊的应答方式2.would you mind opening the door? . a. yes, open it b. no, you cant c. certainly not d. not mind【变式探究】1 how do you like your english teacher? .a. yes, i like him b. i dont like him c. i like him d. he is very kind2 your tie goes well with your shirt. .a. oh, i got it on sale b. i got it at half pricec. does it really look ok? d. no, not so nice3 do you happen to have 10 dollars on you? ?a. do you want the money b. what will you want to doc. how much d. what for【典例探究】1、 is everyone here? not yet look, there_ the rest of our guests!a. come b. comes c. is coming d. are coming【知识拓展】副词放句首的完全倒装句1. there be句型 该结构中的be用表示“存在”的动词live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等替代。there remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. once upon a time, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.2. 当副词there, here, out, in, on, up, down, away, back, now, then等放句首，谓语动词是go, come, run, lie, stand等，且主语是名词时，我们多用倒装句。这时，谓语动词用一般现在时或者一般过去时，而不能用进行时态。here comes the postman! the door opened and in rushed the audience.now comes your turn. 注意：当主语是代词时，不用倒装句。there he comes.2、johns success has nothing to do with good luck. it is years of hard work has made him what he is today.a. whyb. whenc. whichd. that3 、 if you have a job, yourself to it and finally youll succeed.a. do devote b. dont devote c. devoting d. not devoting4、was he sorry for what hed done? _.a. no wonder b. well done c. not really d. go ahead5 、 her father is very rich._ she wouldnt accept his help even if it were offered. a. what for? b. so what? c. no doubt. d. no wonder.【易错点点睛】易错点点睛 1 表示劝告、建议或征求对方意见的交际用语1、shall we go to the art exhibition fight away? .a. its your opinion b. i dont mindc. its all up to you d. thats your decision2.its cloudy outside. please take an umbrella. a. yes, take it easy b. well, it just depends c. ok,just in case d. all right,youre welcome 3.would you like me to turn down the radio a bit? . im used to working with the radio on.a. no,i dont like it b. yes,it doesnt matterc. no,its all right d. yes, please4. i enjoyed the food very much. im glad you like it, please drop in any time you like. . a. is it all right b. im afraid i wont be free c. yes, i will d. thats great5.can i look at your menu for a few minutes before i decide? of course, sir. a. make yourself at home b. enjoy yourself c. it doesnt matter d. take your time【特别提醒】在表示劝告、建议或征求对方意见时可用到下列表达方式: a.表示劝告的句型: youd better(not).最好(不) you shouldought to.你应该 you need (to).你需要 i suggest that.我建议 b.表示建议的常用句型: shall we.我们，好吗? lets.咱们吧。 whathow about.?怎么样? why not.?为什么不呢? why dont you.?你为什么不呢? c.接受劝告或建议的应答语: thats all right.好的。 all right.yes，please.是的。 certainly.当然。 d.不接受劝告或建议的应答语: im sorry，but.很抱歉，但是 im afraid that.我恐怕 id likeloveto，but.我想去，但是【变式探究】1 what about having a drink?a. good idea b. help yourselfc. go ahead, please d. me, too2 i think you shoud phone jenny and say sorry to her. . its h fault.a. no way b. not possiblec. no chance d. not at all3 lets go swimming,shall we?a. its my pleasure b. it doesnt matterc. yes,lets go d. i agree with you4 may i take your order now?ok, i will come back in few minuies.a. could you bring us the bill b. sure,wed love to c. yes,have it is d. no, we need more time5 would you mind if i use your telephone? .a. yes, do please b. go aheadc. of course d. all fight易错点点睛 2 问候、感谢、祝愿及其应答1 -its been a wonderful evening. thank you very much.a. my pleasure b. im glad to hear thatc. no,thanks d. its ok2.im taking my driving test next week. ! a. cheers b. good luck c. come on d. congratulations3.i had a really good weekend at home. . a. oh,thats very nice of you b. congratulations c. its a pleasure d. im glad to hear that4.youve given us a wonderful dinner, mrs. wang. . a. oh,im afraid i didnt cook very well b. im glad you enjoy it c. come again when you are free d. its not necessary to say so5.you speak very good english . a. and so do you b. very good c. worse than you do【特别提醒】a.表示感谢的常用的语有: thank you(very much).非常谢谢。 thanks a lot多谢了。 many thanks.多谢。 tanks for.多谢b.应答语:its very kindnice of you to say so.你真是太客气了。 not at all.不用谢。 its/thats all right。没关系。 youre welcome.不用谢。dont mention it不用谢。 my pleasure.不用谢。c.表示祝愿的常用语: good luck(to you)!best of luck to you!祝你好运! i wish you good lucksuccess!祝你好运(成功)!good joumey(to you)!祝你旅途愉快! have a good trip!祝你旅途愉快! have a nicegood time!祝你玩得愉快!happy new year(to you)!新年愉快! merry christmas(to you)!圣诞快乐i happy birthday to you!祝你生日快乐! all the best!祝你万事如意!my best wishes to you! 向你致以最美好的祝愿! d.表示祝贺的常用语:id like to congratulate you on.祝贺你! congratulations!祝贺你! congratulations on you succss!祝贺你成功!e.应答语:thank you.谢谢。the same to you.你也如此。【变式探究】 1 have a nice weekend! .a. the same to you b. so have i c. the same as you d. you have it, too2 hi, im glad to see you ! .a. my name is john b. thank you c. me, too d. im glad to hear that3 many thanks to you, li fang .a. dont say so b. it doesnt matter c. no,thanks d. its a pleasure4 thank you for helping me. .a. not at all b. dont thank me c. youve welcome d. im glad to do it5 congratulations on your winning the first prize. .a. glad to hear that b. how nice c. the same to you d. thank you易错点点睛 3 道歉、遗憾与应答1im afraid i cant finish this book. .a. please go ahead b. thats all right c. not at all d. take your time 【错误解答】 c 【错解分析】 take your time意思是“别着急、慢慢来”，其他三项均不符合语境。 【正确解答】 d2 i just heard the tickets for tonights show have been sold out.oh, no ! .a. i was looking forward that b. it doesnt matterc. i knew it already d. its not at all interesting3.im sorry i broke your mirror. oh, really,_ a. its ok with me b. it doesnt matter c. dont be sorry d. i dont care4. -im sorry im calling you so late. ok. a. this is b. youre c. thats d. im5.do you have the time? sorry, i have no watch a. what a shame b. thanks anyway c. it doesnt matter d. why not buy one【特别提醒】在英语中，表示道歉或遗憾的常用语有:sorrypardonim sorry for/about.im sorry to do/that.excuse me.im afraid that.其应答方式有:thats all fightit doesnt matternot at allthats nothingwhat a pity/shame!【变式探究】1 im afraid i cant finish the book within this week.a. never mind b. take your timec. tahts right d. not at all2 im sorry for stepping on your foot.a. thats all right b. youre welcomec. its your fault d. never you mind3 im sorry i forgot to post the letter for you. . ill post it myself, then.a. thats ok b. ok c. take it easy d. no易错点点睛4: 特殊场所或情景下的交际用语1. ? its rather cold and windy.a. whats the weather likeb. what does the weather likec. how does the weather liked. how is the weather like2.can you tell me the way to the cinema? . a. yes,im able to b. no,ask someone else c. youre a stranger,are you? d. im sorry, im a stranger too.3. good morning, grand hotel !hello, id like to book a room for two nights. .a. what can i do for you? b. just a minute,please.c. whats the matter? d. at your service.4.i have a serious toothache, doctor. . let me give you an examination.a. it doesnt matter b. thats okc. take it easy d. dont worry5.kennedy airport, please, i have to be there by 7. , but i will do my best. a. no problem b. ok c. i cant promise d. i cant do that【特别提醒】 在英语中，某些特定的情景和场合有其特定的交际方式，结合近几年高考试题，请考生重点关注下列情景下的常用句型: a.询问天气的常用句型: whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样? how is the weather in.?的天气怎么样? how do you like this weather? 你喜欢这种天气吗? whats the temperature today? 今天温度是多少? b.描述天气的常用句型: its finecloudywindyrainy. 今天是晴天多云雨天 its gettingcoldwarm. 天气变得寒枷有风暖和了。 its rather warmcold today，isnt it?今天天气相当暖和寒冷，是吗? a.营业员常用句型: 招呼顾客常用语: what can i do for you?您想买点什么? maycan i help you?您要买点什么? anything i can do for you?您要买点什么? are you being served?您想买点什么? 帮助顾客用语: what size do you weartake，sir?你穿多大尺寸 的，先生? do you like this style?你喜欢这种款式吗? howwhat about this size?这个尺寸如何? b.顾客常用句型: i wantid like.我想要 do you sell childrens.?你们卖儿童的? will you show me some.?你能把拿给我看看吗? im just looking，thanks.我只是看看，谢谢。 a.病人常用句型: theres something wrong with. 有点毛病。 i havent been feeling well recently.最近我感到不舒服。 im not myself today.今天我不舒服。 ive got a headache.我头痛。 i feel terrible.我感到很难受。 i dont feel well this morning.今天早上我感到不舒服。 ive got a pain here.我这儿痛o b.医生常用句型: whats wrong with you?wahts the matter trouble you?你怎么了? where does it hurt?你哪里痛? let me take your temperature.我给你量一下体温。 open your mouth and say“ah.”.张开嘴，说“啊”。 how long have you been like this?你像这样有多长时间了? how are you feeling today?你今天觉得怎么样? a.询问对方业余爱好的常用句型: what are your hobbies?你的业余爱好是什么?what do you often do in your freespare time?你业余时间经常做什么事? do you ike drawingplaying chess?你喜欢绘画下棋吗? what are you interested in after work?下班后你感兴趣的事情是什么? do you have any special interests other than yourjob? 除了工作之外，你有什么特别的爱好吗? what other hobbies have you got?你有什么别的爱好吗? are you fond of collecting stamps?你喜欢集邮吗? b.叙述自己的爱好时可选用这些句型: my hobby is.我的业余爱好是 i enjoy watching tvlistening to music.我喜欢看电视/听音乐。 i find.very interesting.我发现很有趣。 i am fond of.我喜欢【变式探究】1 oh, its you. come in, please. _thank you very much. you have a good place here.a. long time no see b. take it easyc. make yourself at home d. dont worry2 ?can you give me some medicine, doctor?a. hello b. can i help youc. how are you feeling d. how can i help you3 can i carry the box for you? , i can manage it myself.a. yes, please b. its kind of youc. no,thanks d. thank you答案: c4 what kind of food would you like to have? but japanese.a. anything b. something c. everything d. all5 have you got oranges and apples? .a. yes, madame b. the oranges are very cheapc. you like apples, dont you? d. of course,we have some fruits.【2013高考突破】i.单项选择1 do you think its going to rain over the weekend? .a. i dont believe b. i dont believe itc. i believe not so d. i believe not2 dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. .a. i dont b. i wontc. i cant d. i havent3 ill be away on a business trip. would you mind looking after my act?not at all. .a. ive no time b. id rather notc. id like it d. id be happy to4 im sorry i broke your mirror. oh, really? _.a. its ok with me b. it doesnt matterc. dont be sorry d. i dont care5 do you think i could borrow your dictionary? .a. yes,you may borrow b. yes,you couldc. yes, help yourself d. yes, go on6 can i get you a cup of tea? .a. thats very nice of you b. with pleasurec. you can, please d. thank you for the tea7 i had a really good weekend at my uncles. .a. oh, thats very nice of you b. congratulations c. its a pleasure d.h, im glad to hear that8 what about having a drink? .a. good idea b. help yourselfc. go ahead, please d. me, too9 good morning, grand hotel. hello, id like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th. .a. what can i do for you? b. just a minute,please.c. whats the matter? d. at your sevice.10 im taking my driving test tomorrow. !a. cheers b. good luckc. come on d. congratulations11 thanks for the lovely party and the delicious food. .a. no thanks b. never mindc. all right d. my pleasure12 i didnt know this was a one-way street,officer.a. thats all right. b. i dont believe you.c. how dare you say that? d. sorry, but thats no excuse.13 i dont have any change with me. will you pay the fare for me? .a. thats fine b. nothing seriousc. never mind d. no problem14 do you mind if i keep pets in this building?a. id rather you didnt, actuallyb. of course not,its not allowed herec. great! i love petsd. no,you cant15 youve give us a wonderful chinese dinner, mrs. wang. .a. oh,im afraid i didnt cook very wellb. im glad you enjoyed itc. come again when you are freed. its not necessary for you to say so16 shall i help you with that suitcase? . a. its all right, thanksb. yes, o ahead pleasec. i dont want to trouble you too muchd. no, please dont do it17 im afraid i cant finish the book within a week. .a. please go ahead b. thats all rightc. not at all d. take your time18 i didnt hear you dearly, its too noisy. . i was saying that the party was great.a. repeat, b. once again, c. sorry? d. so what ?19 no,im afraid he isnt in, this is his secretary speaking. can i help you? .a. oh, you will b. oh, thats a pityc. i should think so