名师指津高三英语二轮复习 第二部分 语言知识运用 语法填空 考点破解8 词类转换课件.ppt

1 2015卷i 69 andthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinasia abercrombie kent atravelcompanyinhongkong saysit regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginshanghaiandhongkong 修饰动词arranges作状语 用副词 regularly 2 2015卷ii 63 inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir able to aircondition ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment 在形容词性物主代词后必定用名词 ability 3 2015卷ii 65 wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat slow duringcoolnights thuswarmingthehouse 修饰谓语动词giveout 表示 慢慢地散热 用副词slowly slowly 4 2015卷ii 69 as nature architects thepuebloindiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays 在名词前作定语要用形容词 natural 5 2014卷i 62 theriverwassopollutedthatit actual caughtfireandburned 修饰谓语动词caught 用副词作状语 表示 居然 6 2014卷i 70 justbe patience 在系动词be后作表语 要用形容词 actually patient 7 2014卷ii 50 everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone andthecrowdofstrangers sudden becamefriendlytooneanother 修饰动词became 作状语 用副词 suddenly 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时 就需要词类转换 这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决 1 作主语或宾语用名词形式 如 butjaneknewfrompastexperiencethather choose oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather 2009广东卷 解析 在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词 或者说 在形容词性物主代词her后还没有名词 一定是用名词形式 故填choice choice 2 在形容词性物主代词 冠词 形容词 不定代词 some any alotof等 介词后还没有名词时 就用名词形式 如 真题再练 第2题 3 作定语 表语或补足语用形容词形式 如 真题再练 第4 6题 分别是作定语和表语 又如 iconsiderit use forustouseenglish englishdictionary 解析 句中it是形式宾语 真正的宾语是后面的不定式 所给词在句中作宾补 要用形容词 表示 有益的 有用的 故填useful useful 4 作状语 修饰动词 形容词或另一副词 或放在句首修饰全句 用副词 如 真题再练 第1 3 7题都是修饰动词 用副词 又如 1 whenwewerewonderingwhattodo themanagercameout shewas22 surprise helpful 2014广东卷 解析 句中已有作表语的形容词helpful 要用副词来修饰helpful 由语境句意可知 是指 意外地 有帮助 故填surprisingly surprisingly 2 lucky hehadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday 2015广东卷 解析 空格位于句首 且有逗号隔开 可知是修饰全句 用副词作状语 有一头每天都产牛奶的母牛 应当是 幸运地 故填luckily luckily 5 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时 无需改变词性 而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀 也可能用其比较级或最高级 如 inalaska thewolfalmost appear afewyearsago becausehunterswerekillinghundredsofthemforsport 解析 主句缺谓语 应填动词 而appear本身就是动词 无需作词性变化 可考虑变词义 由because从句可知 主句意思应是 狼在几年前就差不多消失了 要用disappear 再由afewyearsago可知 要用一般过去时 故填disappeared disappeared 注意 解题时 既要根据句子结构需要确定词类 又要考虑句意连贯或逻辑通顺 如 hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis care work 解析 在名词前作定语 要用形容词 由failed 可知 要填表示否定意义的 careless 粗心大意的 意义才通顺 careless 在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的 也不用汉语注明 因此 掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要 从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看 词类转换仅考查了以下3点 1 形容词 副词 如 真题再练 的第1 3 5 7四个小题 2 形容词 名词 如 真题再练 的第2题 3 名词 形容词 如 真题再练 的第4 6题 但从九年来的广东卷来看 除上述考点外 还考了 1 动词 名词 choose choice 2009年 2 动词 副词 surprise surprisingly 2014年 现将主要考点归纳如下 1 形容词与副词的转换 高频考点 quickly rudely widely really carefully easily angrily happily heavily busily simply possibly probably terribly nobly comfortably truly wholly gently amply basically classically magically optimistically scientifically publicly 2 名词与形容词的转换 architectural personal national central practical cultural agricultural physical mathematical statistical western southern northern southwestern horrible terrible merciful peaceful beautiful powerful selfish childish anxious ambitious curious humorous significant distant silent different convenient efficient emergent urgent daily timely manly motherly responsibility possibility flexibility sleepy difficulty noisy sunny kindness sadness happiness length width warmth truth illness privacy adequacy troublesome cruelty safety tiresome historic al scientific bravery shortage wisdom 3 动词与名词的转换 presentation explanation education examination preparation pronunciation introduction description pollution contribution revision attraction protection suggestion intention discussion expression possession impression permission extension conclusion division performance acquaintance guidance encouragement development agreement dependence difference reference preference announcement approval survival refusal pressure departure mixture discovery variety classification advice apology growth tendency 4 动词与形容词的转换 admirable reliable comfortable reasonable harmful hopeful careful useful imaginary attractive impressive creative widen lessen worsen enrich enable ennoble 5 表示否定的前缀与后缀 disagree disappear discover impolite impatient inconvenient mislead misdirect mistrust unfair unfit unfortunate unusual endless stainless tasteless useless 6 表示人的后缀 teacher stranger villager employer inventor educator visitor conductor interviewee payee absentee waitress hostess stewardess goddess japanese burmese vietnamese american australian indian korean historian librarian physician politician novelist tourist cyclist scientist beggar accountant consultant applicant servant 1 actually i agree withyouoverthismatter ihavemyownview 2 thebenefitsand advantage ofabilitygroupingcanbelistedasfollows 3 whati like mostaboutthismovieisthattherearetoomanyrudegestures disagree disadvantages dislike 4 iwillnotmakefriendswitha honest person 5 fortune nevercomesingly badthingshappenedtohimoneafteranother 6 iamsorryi understand whatyousaid dishonest misfortunes misunderstood 7 itiswrongto use ournaturalresources 8 itwasimportantforyouto write theessaytopolishitaccordingtotheeditor ssuggestion 9 planshavebeenputforwardtopulldownand build thearea misuse rewrite rebuild 10 thevillageisfarawayfromthecounty andtheyfindit convenient ifbusesarenotavailable 11 agoodeducationisthebestwaytosuccessand dependence 12 youwillbefinedifyousmokeinpublicinhongkongbecauseitis legal todoso inconvenient independence illegal 13 inmostcountries itis polite toaskaboutotherpeople sincome 14 itwas possible foranyonetogetinbecausenooneknewthepassword 15 hegot patient asthefirsthourpassedandthenanother impatient impolite impossible 16 shewastakentohospitalsufferingfroman regular heartbeat 17 sheisnoteasytogetalongwith ifindherverycooland friendly 18 tomostyoungchildren beinglaughedatbyothersisan pleasant experience irregular unfriendly unpleasant 19 hewas happy becauseofhisseparationfromhismother 20 wehavesome finished businesstosettle 21 ifyouare willing togo don thesitatetosayno unhappy unfinished unwilling 22 untillastyearhewasstillan known singer butnowheisverypopularwithyoungpeople 23 shefailedto lock thesafeinspiteofallherefforts sosheaskedhimtohelpheropenit 24 youwillsoonknowthewholethingbecausethefactsstartto fold beforeus unknown unlock unfold 25 itwasan believable momentwhenchriswonthegoldmedal 26 manycitiesinchinanowhavedirector stop flightstobeijing 27 wemust large ourviewsbyreading unbelievable non stop enlarge 28 pollutedwaterandaircould danger people slives 29 hewasabsentfroman national conferenceingeneva 30 someofthe village hadnotedthenumberofthetruck endanger international villagers 31 over300 compete frommorethan80countriescompetedinthegames 32 thenumberofforeign visit rosefrom23 480in2009to116 209in2013 33 today science arestillfacedwithmanyunknownfactors competitors visitors scientists 34 theaudiencewarmlyclappedtowelcometheworld famous violin oneofthebestintheworld 35 thebossofthecompanyisawoman andmostofher employ arealsowomen 36 hehasastrongdesiretobecomea music soheworkshard violinist employees musician 37 peopleinchinadon tlikehuggingeachotherwhenmeeting whichisacommonpracticeinsomeother europe countries 38 thecoupleandtheirtwochildrenliveinan asia communityinsanfrancisco 39 she saverygreatdramatic act and direct european asian actress director 40 asthewageswerelow therewerefew apply forthejob 41 the speak onthestagedidn tknowthatthe speak ontheleftdidn tseemtobeworking 42 itisimportanttoknowyourown strong and weak applicants speaker speaker strengths weaknesses 43 however moneydoesn talwaysbring happy topeople 44 wearereadytofaceany hard 45 nowadaysborrowingmoneyisthequickestwaytoendagood friend happiness hardship friendship 46 justastheoldsayinggoes honest isthebestpolicy 47 heexperiencedgreat difficult ingettingavisatoleavethecountry 48 theyshowgreat anxious abouttheirretirementallowance honesty difficulty anxiety 49 it sveryimportanttoteachthechildrenaboutroad safe 50 wemustacceptthe possible thatwemightbewrong 51 idon tthinkyouaretellingmethewhole true aboutwhathappened safety possibility truth 52 hewastouchedbythe warm oftheirwelcome 53 thelawstatesthateveryonehasthe free topractisetheirownreligion 54 withknowledgeand wise theoldmanisrespectedandlovedbythepeople warmth freedom wisdom 55 theprogramwillbeof significant intheprocess 56 toavoidunexpectedaccidents weshouldemphasizethe important ofcarefuldriving 57 theworkrequiredgreat patient significance importance patience 58 thefrenchgovernmentcalledforanendtothe violent 59 hewasawardedforhis brave inthebattle 60 wediscussedshorteningthe long ofthecourse length violence bravery 61 veniceisoneofthegreattourist attract intheworld 62 hehasmadeanimportant contribute tothesuccessoftheproject 63 mr smithisthepresidentofalargeinternational organize attractions contribution organization 64 shewillgiveafull explain ofthe decide tousonmonday 65 herperfect pronounce attractedeveryonepresent 66 theychargedfor admit sowecan tenterwithout permit explanation decision pronunciation admission permission 67 in conclude weshouldliketothankallthosewhohaveworkedsohardfortheproject 68 shelikesfilmsthathaveahappy end 69 everyonelikestoworkinpleasant surround conclusion ending surroundings 70 successisnotfinaland fail isnotfatal itisthecouragetocontinuethatcounts 71 ifeltagreatsenseof achieve whenireachedthetopofthemountain 72 hecelebratedthe arrive ofthenewyearwithapartyforhisfriends failure achievement arrival 73 theissuehascausedheatedpolitical argue 74 inagood marry bothhusbandandwifeworkhardtosolveanyproblemsthatarise 75 thewomanplayerwillmakehersecondpublic appear thissaturday argument marriage appearance 76 canyoutellmewhattherealreasonforyour absent was 77 hemadean apologize tousforhis rude tous 78 sheactedinthe believe thatshewasdoinggood absence apology rudeness belief 79 findajobandendyour depend onyourparents 80 theywere success inwinningthecontract 81 hegavea humour accountoftheirtriptotibet dependence successful humourous 82 itcanbe benefit toshareyour feel withsomeoneyoutrust 83 theyexportedcornandother agriculture productstoothercountries 84 myfriendwas hunger sowedrovetoashoppingmalltogetsomefood beneficial feelings agricultural hungry 85 sugar canneddrinksrotyourteeth 86 noisehasalwaysbeenthemost trouble probleminprospectingearthquakes 87 hehastwobigroundchinese wood tables sugary troublesome wooden 88 ten year oldsareincredibly energy 89 hehasdevotedallhiswholelifeto science research 90 hecouldnotaccountforhis fool mistake foolish energetic scientific 91 thereisnodoubtthatheisa rely person 92 hereareafew value tipsthatwillhelpyoukeepfit 93 thegovernmenthastaken effect measurestolessentheriskofinflation reliable valuable effective 94 thismovieisso impress thatwecan thelpcrying 95 itisnot surprise thatchildrenlearntoreadatdifferentrates 96 allchildrenarefondof entertain gamesandideasaswellasfilms impressive surprising entertaining 97 shewasmuch delight atthenewsofherdaughter swedding 98 intheneighbour sopinion sheisagoodwifeanda devote mother 99 theschemehasbeensetuptohelpthe home delighted devoted homeless 100 iamtoobusytolistentoher end complaints 101 shefoundit extreme difficulttogetajob 102 sheis possible themostbeautifulwomaninthetown endless extremely possibly 103 theperformance true excitedtheaudience 104 officialsreacted anger tothosecharges 105 honourswere auto