重视农村环境健康发展革新现有经济模式.doc

/ / / /重视农村环境健康发展革新现有经济模式随着我国经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的日益提高，我国农村生态环境问题的严重性也日益凸显出来，这在一定程度对我国农业的发展造成了一定的消极影响，也成为阻碍我国新农村建设进展的重要因素，严重制约了我国农村经济的建设的可持续发展。With Chinas rapid economic development, increasing peoples standard of living, the seriousness of the problem of the rural eco-environment is increasingly prominent in a certain degree, the development of agriculture in China has caused some negative effects, has become an important factor in development of Chinas new rural construction of obstacles, seriously restricting sustainable development the construction of Chinas rural economy.一直以来，我国农村地区的生态环境受生活污水、生活垃圾以及牲畜养殖产生的废弃物和污染气体的影响，导致农村的生活环境受到了极大的污染。我们可以做一个数据的推算，假如我们按每人每天产生0.65kg生活垃圾和0.8kg生活废水为标准进行计算，每天就会有将近大量生活垃圾和废水散布在农村各地，并且在散布的过程得到有效处理的占据极少数，这些垃圾和废水将直接对我国农村广大人民群众的生存环境和身体健康带来重大的影响。同时，再加上农村所养殖的牛、马、猪、羊等家禽，每天可产生的废弃物则更多，并且大部分畜禽养殖废弃物和农业秸杆的综合利用率不高，畜禽粪便任意堆放和排放的现象凸显严重，所以，导致农村的生态环境存在很多问题。All the time, affecting the ecological environment in rural China by domestic sewage, garbage and livestock waste and pollution gas, resulting in rural living environment has been greatly polluted. We can calculate a data, if we per person a day to produce 0.65kg life garbage and 0.8kg wastewater as the standard for calculation, every day there will be a lot of garbage and waste water nearly scattered in the countryside, and obtains the effective processing occupies very few in the spreading process, the garbage and waste water will bring great influence directly to the rural peoples living environment and the health of the body. At the same time, plus the rural farming cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, poultry, can produce daily waste is more, and the comprehensive utilization of the majority of livestock waste and agricultural straw rate is not high, livestock and poultry manure arbitrary stacking and discharge phenomenon highlights a serious, so, the ecological environment to guide rural existence many problems.农业生产方式不合理造成农村环境污染严重。农业生产方式的不合理是造成农村环境污染的重要因素之一，其中最主要的是为了单方面追求农作物产量，无节制的大量使用化肥、农药、农膜等对农村土壤环境造成的污染，据相关数据显示，我国每年农村农民使用化肥的数量高达四千万吨，甚至一些农业耕地比较多的地区化肥使用量超过了使用的安全上限。Agricultural production caused by the unreasonable rural environmental pollution. Agricultural production is not reasonable is one of the important factors causing environmental pollution in rural areas, in which the most important is to pursue unilateral crop yield, unrestrained use large amounts of fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film and other causes of rural soil pollution of the environment, show according to relevant data, the number of rural farmers in China use each year up to forty million tons of chemical fertilizer even more, some agricultural land area chemical fertilizer use amount exceeds the upper limit of safe use.农村乡镇企业排放的污染物对农村环境造成污染。近几年来，随着我国工业化、城镇化进程的加快，各乡镇的矿山开采、钢厂、铁厂锚杆等各种项目也逐渐兴起，造成了工业废水、废渣、废气等向农村转移，严重影响了农村地区人民的生活环境和生活水平。特别是分布在我区乡镇的一些小企业和采矿企业、城镇的小餐饮等，由于分散比较隐蔽，采用的设备又相对简陋，再加上没有精湛的工艺和技术，导致因企业生产而引起的环境污染难以得到合理的监管和治理，从而进一步加剧了农村的环境的恶化。Rural township enterprises pollutant emissions pollute the rural environment. In recent years, as Chinas industrialization, urbanization, the township mining, steel, iron and other projects have also gradually on the rise, caused the industrial wastewater, waste residue, waste gas to rural areas, seriously affected the rural area peoples living environment and living standard. Especially in some small businesses and mining enterprises, urban distribution in our district township of small restaurants, due to the dispersion of concealment, the equipment is relatively simple, no technology and skilled plus, leading to environmental pollution caused by enterprises difficult to obtain regulatory and governance reasonable, thus increasing the deterioration of rural environment. 长期以来，我国农村受粗放型生产经营方式的影响，再加上农村人口的文化水平相对低下，使得农村居民从其本身的思想意识里就没有对生态环境产生足够的重视，乱砍乱伐、过渡开采等多种现象频繁发生，破坏了自然界的生态平衡。此外，由于农民生态意识的淡薄，对提升机链条保护生态环境漠不关心，生活垃圾乱堆乱放，秸秆焚烧等现象屡禁不止，造成了环境污染程度的进一步加剧。而新农村建设中的生态环境保护是一个相对比较复杂的工程，如果没有广大农民的积极参与和配合是根本不可能取得成功的，所以，这就在一定程度需要加强对农民生态意识的提高，争取使我国农村的生态环境得到有效的改善。Long-term since, our country rural affected by extensive management production, coupled with the rural populations cultural level is relatively low, so that rural residents from their own mind will not produce enough attention to ecological environment, deforestation, over-exploitation and other phenomena occur frequently, destroyed the ecological balance of nature. In addition, because the farmer ecological awareness, be indifferent to the protection of ecological environment, living garbage jumbled together, straw burning phenomenon is banned repeatedly more than, causing further environmental pollution degree. And the protection of the ecological environment in the construction of new rural areas is a relatively complex project, without the active participation of farmers and it is impossible to succeed, so, this needs to strengthen the ecological awareness of farmers in some degree, to make Chinas rural ecological environment is improved.我们应该充分发挥政府在生态环境保护中所发挥的重要角色和作用，在当今的发展状况下，政府应该采取“发展导向”的模式。首先，政府应该对地方的保护主义进行严厉的打击，加强对环境的执法力度，建立有效的环境保护机制，做到用制度来监督环境和管理环境。其次，建立宏观综合决策机制，健全中央地方协商制度，要把环境容量、环境质量状况和对环境的影响、对资源的消耗、对生态系统的影响纳入统计指标，使生态环境承载能力也作为经济社会发展水平的重要表示。We should give full play to the important role and the role played by the government in the ecological environment protection, development status in todays conditions, the government should take development orientation model. First of all, the government should protectionism of local severe blow, strengthen law enforcement to the environment, the establishment of environmental protection mechanism, to do with the system to supervise and management environment. Secondly, establish comprehensive macro decision-making mechanism, improve the central and local consultation system, the effect of environmental capacity, environmental quality and environmental impact, the consumption of resources, the ecological system into the statistical indicators, the ecological carrying capacity of the enviro