优化方案（新课标全国卷Ⅰ）高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型专题突破 二 阅读理解 第二讲 主旨大意题强化训练.doc

主旨大意题主旨大意题(一)a(2015石家庄二模)we dont always get a second chance to achieve our dreams.but some people are lucky，like matthew mcconaughey.once almost unknown，the actor has recently found himself back on the list of the best actors in hollywood.his new movie interstellar is just another sign that his career reinvention has been an incredible success.“the film relies on mcconaugheys performance to hold together the emotional story of a father and his daughter against the background of space travel at the end of the world，”forbes commented.but only years ago，the texas native was often the butt of jokes(笑柄) about being too handsome.in 1993，after meeting with director richard linklater，mcconaughey starred in dazed and confused.and a hollywood career was born，mostly in romantic comedies.for a long time，the whole world believed mcconaughey was just a handsome guy with comic talent.but mcconaughey stopped starring in that type of movie，and began to use his looks differently.slowly he built up his reputation as a serious actor.in 2013，mcconaughey was offered to play an aids activist in dallas buyers club.the role saw the normally muscular actor losing 50 pounds in order to appear sick.his performance won him an oscar for best actor.the actor gave thanks to someone he has always looked up to as a hero during his oscar acceptance speech.when he was 15，the actor said，he decided that his hero would be himself in 10 years.but 10 years later，he pushed the deadline ahead another decade.then 10 years later，another decade.“my heros always 10 years away，”he said.“im never going to attain that.that keeps me with somebody to keep on chasing.”or perhaps constantly chasing the chance to be his own hero has given him a second chance to pursue his dreams.【解题导语】本文是一篇人物介绍，主要讲述了演员mcconaughey因不满足自己所取得的成绩，不断挑战自我，努力向前，最终成为闻名好莱坞的著名演员，成就了自己梦想的故事。1why was mcconaughey often the butt of jokes in his early career?ahe was limited to handsome roles.bhe was unknown to the audience.che played in romantic comedies.dhe was handsome and emotional.解析：选a。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the texas native was often the butt of jokes(笑柄) about being too handsome.the whole world believed mcconaughey was just a handsome guy with comic talent”可知，因长相帅气而局限于他扮演的潇洒帅气的角色而被当作笑柄。故a项正确。2what role won mcconaughey an oscar for best actor?aa caring father.ban aids activist.ca serious buyer.da strong hero.解析：选b。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in 2013，mcconaughey was offered to play an aids activist.his performance won him an oscar for best actor.”可知，b项正确。3what can we learn about mcconaughey?ahe was born in hollywood.bhe has become a hero of his own.che wasnt famous until recently.dhe isnt content with his achievements.解析：选d。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he decided that his hero would be himself in 10 years.then 10 years later，another decade.”可排除b项；根据第一段中的“once almost unknown，the actor has recently found himself back on the list of the best actors in hollywood.”可知，他曾经出名过，排除c项；根据最后一段中的“im never going to attain that.that keeps me with somebody to keep on chasing.”可知由于不满足于现状，他不断追逐梦想；选项a全文并未涉及。故d项正确。4which of the following can be the best title?amcconaughey，a romantic comedianbmcconaughey，a man making a hitcmcconaughey，a man daring to changedmcconaughey，handsome and talented解析：选c。标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了著名演员mcconaughey永不满足于现状，不断挑战自我的事情。故c项正确。b(2015江西赣州高三摸底考试)in september of 2013，residents of bexar county celebrated the opening of the biblio tech library.it is one of the first libraries in america to go completely digital and perhaps it will lead the way for others to follow.to check out a book in this digital library，users link their library card to the 3m cloud library app.then they can look through the library catalogue and check out a total of five books at any given time.when the books are due，they are automatically removed from the ereader.biblio tech offers free tablets，laptops and computers which can be used within the library.it also offers study rooms and lounge areas where people can work together and other libraries are also in on the trend.despite the move towards digital，the biblio tech library is currently the only digital library in the nation.however，the bookless library has been attempted before.sadly，this change proved to be far too ahead of its time.within a few years，the library began providing materials along with the digital materials due to requests from the library members.libraries are in the middle of a great change.just a decade ago，the main focus was to lend materials to the public，but recently they have been placing more emphasis on programs to help and educate the community.a library is no longer simply a place to check out books.digital libraries are the future.in the next 100 years or so，books in print may be completely replaced by their digital competitors.while these can be more convenient for libraries and library members，i am still going to be fond of books in print.i will miss the smell of the paper，because those are things i grew to love about readings.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。2013年9月，美国bexar县的居民庆祝第一家biblio科技图书馆的成立。文章通过biblio科技图书馆成立这件事，向我们介绍了与传统图书馆相比，电子图书馆的优势及未来图书馆的发展方向。5what does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?athe opening of the biblio tech library.bthe improvement of the biblio tech library.cthe importance of the biblio tech library.dthe introduction of the biblio tech library.解析：选d。段落大意题。通读第一段可知，本段主要通过biblio科技图书馆成立这件事，向读者介绍了一种新型的电子图书馆及这种图书馆的使用方法。故答案选d。6what can be inferred about libraries from the text?athe function expands.bthe income increases.cthe development slows down.dthe business declines.解析：选a。推理判断题。根据第三段“libraries are in the middle of a great change.a library is no longer simply a place to check out books.”可推知，图书馆的功能增加了。故答案选a。7the writer seems to be a person who _ais crazy about ereadersbworks in a librarycmisses the old daysdis hopeless about the future解析：选c。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“.i am still going to be fond of books in print.i will miss the smell of the paper，because those are things i grew to love about readings.”可知，作者仍喜欢阅读纸质图书，会怀念纸质图书的味道，也正是因为它们作者才爱上了阅读。由此可知，作者是个怀旧的人。故答案选c。c(2016齐鲁名校高三第一次联考)these days a green building means more than just the color of the paint.green buildings can also refer to environmentally friendly houses，factories，and offices.green building means“reducing the effect of the building on the land”，taryn holowka of the us. green building council (评议会) in washington，d.c.，said.according to holowka，building accounts for 65 percent of total us. electricity use.but green buildings can reduce energy and water use.also，the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways，so that people can drive their cars less.that could be good for the environment，because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution.green buildings are often built on developed land，so that the buildings dont destroy forests.marty dettling is project manager for a building that puts these ideas into action.the solaire has been called the countrys first green highrise building.according to dettling，“weve reduced our energy use by onethird and our water by 50 percent.”the solaire cuts energy in part by using solar power.“on the face of the building we have solar panels (光板) which change the suns energy into electricity，”dettling explained.the solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room.in addition，the building has lots of windows，allowing people to use the sun for light during the day.the solaire cuts water by reusing it.not everyone is eager to move into a green building，however.some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources.anyhow，holowka said，“its going to be big.”【解题导语】本文介绍了绿色建筑。在建筑的寿命周期内，最大限度地节约资源(节能、节地、节水、节材)、保护环境和减少污染，为人们提供健康、适用和高效的使用空间，与自然和谐共处。8a green building means_aa building that uses no electricityba building that saves energy and waterca building occupying less landda greencolored building解析：选b。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段第一句，绿色建筑为节约能源和水的环保建筑。9a green building is often built on an area of land_awhich has already been for buildingsbwhich has thick forests aroundcwhere people of high income livedwhere traveling around by car is most convenient解析：选a。细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，绿色建筑常建在已经开发过的土地上，以便不再毁坏森林。10when holowka says in the last paragraph，“its going to be big”，she means that green buildings_awill be more comfortablebwill be more environmentally friendlycwill become popular in futuredwill take the place of traditional buildings解析：选c。推理判断题。根据语境可推知绿色建筑是今后的发展方向，从长远来看将会普及、流行。11which is the main idea of the passage?adettling designed the first green building in the us.benergy shortage calls for buildings of new design.cthe solaire serves as a model of high buildings.dgreen buildings help save the environment.解析：选d。文章大意题。从全文来看，本文主要话题是“绿色建筑有助于环保、节能”。主旨大意题(二)a(2015济南3月模拟)building a company website is one of the most important parts of creating a successful business.but designing a website can be timeconsuming and expensive.web designers are difficult to work with, even though youre paying them.there are cheaper ways to establish your company online, and w stands out among them.w offers free html 5 and flash website design that you can do on your own，without having to pay a pricey web designer.with unlimited space for as many pages as you want, customized looks, photo galleries, blog platform capabilities, and social networking buttons, w has everything a business of any size needs to make an impact online.you get full control over what information fills in the blanks, and you dont have to know a thing about html to make this work.the way your website looks says a lot about your company.w does that, and it does it for free.another thing that makes w the most affordable option in creating a website is that you dont have to pay for a separate web hostevery page created on w is hosted on w, free of charge.the internet is the marketplace of ideas: your company needs to share what you think.if you think just because you dont sell a product online you dont need a website, youre dead wrong.no matter what kind of business you have, if you want to reach an audience, you want to have a website that speaks to people.w lets you do that as quickly and easily as possible for free.if you have a bigger budget, w has more options than just the free website design.you can choose to upgrade(升级)to the adless version which wont fill up your customers screens when they visit your site.but if the most important thing to you is getting your companys name online right now, try w today.【解题导语】本文介绍了一个网络平台w，通过该平台人们可以免费或低成本设计公司的网站。1w is meant to_.asell products on the internetbattract more customers onlinecbuild a companys website cheapdcollect any possible information解析：选c。推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“there are cheaper ways to establish your company online，and w stands out among them.”可知，w用低成本建公司网站。2. what is paragraph 2 mainly about?aways of finding free service.badvantages of w.cskills of creating websites.dtricks of running a company.解析：选b。段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了w的优点，如：它可以提供给用户免费的html 5和flash网站设计、无限的网页空间等。3if you create a company website on w, you_.ahave to be a good web designerbwont do it easily and quicklyccan share ideas with customersdmust upgrade to the adless version解析：选c。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“the internet is the marketplace of ideas：your company needs to share what you think.”及最后两句“no matter what kind.you want to have a website that speaks to people.w lets you do that as quickly and easily as possible for free.”可知，如果你在 w上建一个公司网站，你就可以与顾客分享想法。4whats the purpose of the text?ato teach a budget lesson.bto make an advertisement.cto present a website design.dto introduce a new business.解析：选b。写作意图题。本文主要是在为w做广告，介绍它的服务内容及优点，让人们使用该平台。文章的最后一句更明确地表明了作者的写作意图。b(2016河南省实验中学检测)when armida armatos daughter，alexia，came home from school one day last year keen to go on a school trip to ecuador，she wasnt too sure how to feel.she was happy that her daughter could experience something she never did as a teen but was fearful of letting her travel to such a remote part of the world.alexia was 16 at the time，a student at westwood high school.the school sponsored a humanitarian trip for 26 students and two teachers to spend 18 days living in a mountain village to build a oneroom school.even though armato trusted her daughter，the other students and the teachers，she was worried about the side effects from the travel vaccines，possible accidents，and medical care.now that alexia was home，armato said she saw her daughters new maturity，greater confidence and independence.“this is the best thing i ever did，”alexia said.“the experience was so eyeopening and lifechanging.youre with people who are not as lucky as you are.they live in very poor conditions but theyre so happy and outgoing.you say，my god.im taking everything for granted back home.”she said they built a oneroom school from_scratch with no mechanical cement mixers.they used their hands，shovels and basic tools.she and another student lived with a local family in a small village about eight hours outside the capital，quito.despite the initial strangeness and knowing only basic spanish，she said they grew very close and felt like a family.every year，groups of students at montreal high school like alexia pack their bags and fly off with classmates and teachers to developing countries where they volunteer for a variety of projects.“armatos worries are very common among parents，”says bill nevin，a teacher at st.georges high school.he organizes a humanitarian trip to india to the sheela bal bhavan orphanage and says the three biggest fears families have are health，security and contact.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。年仅16岁的高中女孩alexia和她的同学及老师一起飞往偏远的发展中国家参加志愿者活动。回来后，她的母亲发现她成熟且独立了。这项志愿者活动促进了学生的成长和发展。5when hearing the news that her daughter would go on a school trip to ecuador，armato was _aproud and happybsupportive but concernedcfearful and nervousdexcited but puzzled解析：选b。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“she was happy that her daughter could experience something she never did as a teen but was fearful of letting her travel to such a remote part of the world.”可知，armato对于她的女儿去ecuador一事感到高兴，因为女儿能经历到她不曾经历的东西，所以她支持她的女儿；但是让一个女孩去这么遥远的地方她又有点担心。故b项正确。6the underlined phrase “from scratch” in paragraph 4 probably means “_”ahaving great helpbusing high technologycending up in failuredstarting from the beginning解析：选d。词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容“with no mechanical cement mixers.”以及下一句“they used their hands，shovels and basic tools.”并结合语境可知，她们建造了一所只有一间房间的学校，没有使用机械水泥搅拌机，只是用她们的双手、铁铲和最基本的工具。结合四个选项可知，画线词意为“从头开始”。故d项正确。7according to alexia，people living in poor conditions are _aunfortunate and sadbcheerful and sociablecmiserable and strange dabnormal but happy解析：选b。细节理解题。根据第三段alexia所讲的内容中的“they live in very poor conditions but theyre so happy and outgoing.”可知，虽然他们的生活条件很艰苦，但是他们开心且友好。故b项正确。8what would be the best title for the text?avolunteering helps students grow and developbschool trips make parents worried about their childrencecuador is the most attractive travel destination in the worlddbrave alexia dreams to work in ecuador one day解析：选a。标题概括题。根据第三段第一句“now that alexia was home，armato said she saw her daughters new maturity，greater confidence and independence.”及倒数第二段“every year，groups of students at montreal high school like alexia pack their bags and fly off with classmates and teachers to developing countries where they volunteer for a variety of projects.”可知，每年montreal高中都有很多学生志愿去发展中国家帮助其开展项目，通过这个志愿活动，他们得到了成长和发展。故a项最能概括本文的主旨，适合做标题；b项仅说明了文章的一个方面，不能全面地概括文意；c、d两项与文章无关。故a项正确。c(2015山西考前质量监测)liverpool is famed for many thingsmost especially the beatles and its football team.but few would associate the city with one of the most famous political speeches in history. yet tourism officials in the city have published the claim that martin luther kings “i have a dream” was written at a city centre hotel. the allegation(说法) has been made in a guide to a major art event named liverpool discovers.a map in the guide shows more than 20 locations where famous people were born along with places associated with celebrities(名人) and events in their life. the guide claims，“martin luther king visited his supporters in liverpool three times, and the first draft of his famous speech i have a dream is claimed to have been written at adelphi hotel.” the speech, delivered to civil rights campaigners on the steps of the lincoln memorial in washington in 1963, is one of the most quoted texts in history and was a definitive moment in the american civil rights movement and in the fight for racial equality.dr. kings biographer, godfrey hodgson, said that the suggestion did not fit the facts. he said, “i dont believe it. if he had been to liverpool, there would have been massive media reports, as he would have been a big figure by then. dr. king did visit th