高中英语 Unit3Grammar课件 新人教版必修2.ppt

人教课标高一必修2unit3 thepresentperfectpassivevoice现在完成时的被动语态 grammar 1 现在完成时 have has 过去分词 现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去 但它强调的是与现在的关系 用来说明现在的情况 现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用 如 yesterday twoweeksago in1978 whenigotthere等 现在完成时常与 1 两种时态 already always often ever never yet not yet just等不表示明确的时间副词连用 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用 如 now today thismonth thisyear recently thesefewdays等 不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词 如 be have like love know believe hate等 一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况 与现在毫无关系 2 现在完成进行时 have has been 现在分词 一般现在时的被动语态 am is are 过去分词 e g theworkisdoneduringtwodays 2 一般过去时的被动语态 was were 过去分词 e g hewassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident 2 七种被动语态形式 3 一般将来时的被动语态 will shall be 过去分词或 begoingto be 过去分词 e g theworkwillbefinishedsoon 4 现在进行时的被动语态 is am are being 过去分词 e g thebridgeisnowbeingconstructed 5 现在完成时的被动语态 have has been 过去分词 e g theradiohasbeenrepairedwhenwephonedtheshop 6 带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be 过去分词 e g thiscanbedoneinafewminutes 7 动词不定式的被动式 tobe 过去分词 e g itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响 其构成是 have hasbeen done e g 1 thedirtyclotheshavebeenwashed 脏衣服都已经洗了 2 theplanhasbeenstudiedbytheexpertsforthreetimes 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了 3 thechildhasbeentakencareofbygrandmawangalltheseyears 这些年来 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料 现在完成时被动态 have has been 动词过去分词现在完成进行时 have has been 动词现在分词 它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上 被动态接的是过去分词形式 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式 1 主语是行为动作的承受者 e g thetempleofzhangfeihasbeenrebuilt 张飞庙已经过重建 2 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果 e g thedoorhasbeenlocked 门已经被锁上了 3 动作或状态始于过去 持续到现在 并可能持续下去 e g hehasbeentoldaboutitformanytimes 有人告诉他这事很多次了 可能还会有人告诉他 我或别人现在进不去 4 用在时间和条件状语从句中 表示将来某时已完成的动作 e g we llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished 工作一完成我们就立即动身 1 副词的位置often usually always never hardly seldom等副词置于have has和been中间 如 误 suchamanhasbeenhardlybelieved 正 suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved 2 并不是所有动词都有被动语态1 happen takeplace breakout belongto cost last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态 如 误 greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinchinasince1978 正 greatchangeshavetakenplaceinchinasince1978 2 open break drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态 如 误 thedoorhasbeenopenedofitself 正 thedoorhasopenedofitself 3 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词 如 thesarspatientshavebeentakengoodcareof 4 一些特殊动词 如borrow finish begin buy start return marry open join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 若要表达相应的意思 则需改换动词或时态 如 mybrotherhashad 不能用hasbought thisbikeforalmostfouryears howlonghasthisbookbeenbought howlongagowasthisbookbought underlinetheuseofthepresentperfectvoiceinthefollowingpoem thenfillinthechartbelow lookatthewayyourfacehasbeenwashedlookatthewayyourhairhasbeencombedlookatthewayyourshoeshavebeencleanedyou dbetterdothemagain lookatthewaytheflowershavebeenplantedlookatthewaythegrasshasbeencutlookatthewaythepathshavebeensweptihopethatyou llcomehereagain thewaytheflowershavebeenplanted thewaythegrasshasbeencut thewaythepathshavebeenswept thewayyourfacehasbeenwashed thewayyourhairhasbeencombed thewayyourshoeshavebeencleaned readthispoemaloud payingattentiontotherhythmandintonation thenwriteyourownpoem lookattheway lookattheway lookattheway thetablehasbeenlaid theglasseshavebeenplaced thefoodhasbeencooked you dbetterdothemagain possiblepoem lookattheway lookattheway lookattheway yourbedhasbeenmade yourcarpethasbeenswept yourshoeshavebeentidied ihopethatyou llcomehereagain 1 inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms allovertheworld a haveproducedb havebeenproducedc areproducingd arebeingproduced 从a b c d四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 2 experimentsofthiskind inboththeu s andeuropewellbeforethesecondworldwar haveconductedb havebeenconductedc hadconductedd hadbeenconducted 3 everyyearafloodoffarmersarriveinshenzhenforthemoney makingjobsthey beforeleavingtheirhometowns promisedb werepromisedc havepromisedd havebeenpromised 4 hissisterlefthomein1998 and since a hadnotbeenheardofb hasnotbeenheardofc hadnotheardofd hasnotheardof 5 iliketheseenglishsongsandthey manytimesontheradio a taughtb havetaughtc aretaughtd havebeentaught 6 thoughwedon tknowwhatwasdiscussed yetwecanfeelthetopic a hadchangedb willchangec waschangedd hasbeenchanged 7 igotcaughtintherainandmysuit hasruinedb hadruinedc hasbeenruinedd hadbeenruined 用被动语态改写下列句子 theyhavefinishedtheconstructionofthenewrailwaylinesbynow theconstructionofthenewrailwaylineshasbeenfinishedbythembynow 2 wehavebuiltanewlibraryandagymnasiuminourschoolthisyear anewlibraryandagymnasiumhavebeenbuiltinourschoolthisyearbyus 3 thecarfactoryhasproducedagreatmanyfinecarssincethetechnologicalrevolution agreatmanyfinecarshavebeenproducedbythecarfactorysincethetechnolog