汉英高级笔译参考题副本.doc

汉英高级笔译参考题随机抽取：第I题 4分5（小题）；第II题 10分3（小题）；第III题 25分2小题，合计100分将以下各句译成英语汉语（每题4分）浪漫一身（时装广告。注意“身”、“声”发音相似）光彩人生，源于光源！（荧光棒广告）小商品，大感受。（家具配件广告。要求前者处理为形容词加名词，后者为形容词加介词加名词）放飞梦想, 实现自我！（出国留学服务机构广告。要求前者译成动宾结构，后者译成动词加副词）人人为我，我为人人！（某著名企业的财富观）人曾是佛，人不能成佛。女卑为奴，女又可称奴。（就中文而言，是个拆字游戏。要求译文反复使用首韵法）日本，当以何为本？印度，难求大国之度（文章标题，含文字游戏）金日在手中，万事好成功！（口服液广告。要求译文押韵） 今天购买，就在今天享用！（商家促销口号。要求译文押尾韵）10. 它工作，你（指家庭主妇）休息。（洗衣机广告。要求用chores和credit；注意动宾搭配）11. 先点击，后点钱！（IT产品，含文字游戏）12. 你不理财，财不理你。（某财金杂志广告，其中“理”字含双关）13. 我们实行三包：包修、包退、包换！（商家对顾客的承诺。要求三个关键短语都以R开头）14. “美的”家电：美的（故意用错别字）全面，美的彻底。（家用电器广告。要求“全面”、“彻底”都译成相当于汉语“从到”的格式）15. “三优”牌家具：优越的质量、优惠的价格、优质的（售后）服务（要求三个关键短语都以U开头）16. 茅台一开，满室生香。17. 衣食住行，有龙则灵。（建设银行“龙卡”广告）18. 非常可乐，非常选择。（饮料广告。要求译文重复两遍字母F和C）19. 皮张之厚无以复加，利润之薄无以复减。（皮件制品广告。必须用thick和thin；允许词形有变通）20. 要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。（护肤霜广告）21正如广大群众所批评的那样，我们现在是“卫星上天，厕所漏水”。22. 民国万税，天下太贫。23. 年年难过年年过，处处无家处处家。24. 客上天然居，居然天上客。25. 球票紧张，教练更紧张。他来墨西哥后，几乎没好好睡过觉。26. 在天津教书，天天吃天津饭，吃得津津有味。赴日本留学，日日读日本书，读得本本不通。27. 有些天天喊大众化的人，连三句老百姓的话都讲不出来，可见他就没有下过决心跟老百姓学，实在他的意思仍是小众化。28. 希望大家积极支持文字改革工作，促进这一工作而不要“促退”这一工作。29. 官逼民反，民不得不反。30. 他“科员”了一辈子，从来没有得到过晋升的机会。31好一个朋友你连五块钱都不肯借给我。32. 东西南北中，好酒在张弓。33. 上述产品堪称箱包、皮件的世界，劳保用品之王国。特别是皮制劳保手套执世界牛耳。34. 中国有句俗话：“赶得早不如赶得巧”。赶上地坛庙会那就是巧。这里浓缩着浓郁的京味文化，叫北京人与外地人都享受。35. 任何季节、地点都能穿的外衣。36. 口味一流，永难忘怀。（百事可乐广告）37. 百万买卖，毫厘利润。38. 再挑剔的妈妈也会挑选吉弗牌花生酱。39. 温都度假村：虽不是家胜似家。40. 牡丹香烟，醇味盖冠。41. 一册在手，纵览全球。（环球杂志广告）42. 清除皱纹，马到成功。（护肤霜广告）43. 当代经典，永久计时。（手表广告）44. 不求今日拥有，但求天长地久。45. 默默无“蚊”的奉献。（蚊香片广告）46. 品质优良，书写润滑，美观大方。（圆珠笔广告）47. 长城电扇，电扇长城。48. 在家靠自己，出国靠国旅（西安国旅广告）49. 美日达音乐电脑万年历50. 有形世界，无限风光。（电视台广告）51. 我这个人没什么特长。要说还有什么长处，就是还有张长长的脸。52. 我们冬天需要阳光，春天需要阳光，秋天需要阳光，夏天也需要阳光。53. 周领导，人家小刘已经是八年的“妇科”病啦，也该给他个正经说法了吧？54. 谁说女子不秃头！（生发素广告）55. 她们是艺术圈中的极品，是芸芸众生里的“劳斯莱斯”。56. 唐朝时，美人上马马不支。清朝时，美人上马马不知。57. 不比不知道，一比吓一跳。58. 君不正，臣投外国。父不正，子奔他乡。59. 说你行你就行，不行也行；说你不行你就不行，行也不行。60. 怕黄昏忽地又黄昏，不销魂怎地不销魂，新啼痕压旧啼痕，断肠人忆断肠人。61. County panels OK affordable housing62. Globo Cabo（全球电缆公司）to buy cable rival63. Jalen Rose keys victory over Bryant-less Lakers64. Mississippi man ruled sole heir to blues legend65. Philanthropist and husband of mystery Hollywood star pens biography66. Henan meat processor Shuanghui up for sale67. Enjoy football-free peace in Rose Houses blue mirror hall68. Dutch test would-be immigrants with gay kiss to reveal their attitudes toward the countrys liberal view on homosexuality69. Takeover hostility criticism of acquisitions of Chinese enterprises by foreign firms off the mark70. A head for headcount savings plan unveiled after Alcatels takeover of biggest US phone equipment maker71. Sealing slippage Intercontinental Exchange Inc nets large share of oil futures market after online launch72. Her friends and her detractors have made extravagant claims of goodness and mercy, foolishness and naivety.73. Joseph Stalin dismissed the Pope with cynical quip, “How many divisions has he got?”74. The success of the A bookstore, which exists only on the Internet, impelled Barnes & Noble to combine its successful physical bookstores with a strong presence in cyberspace and to team up with Bertelsmann, a leading international media company, in an online joint venture.75. This is an article that challenges attention even if it fails to command complete assent.II. 改译以下各段译文（每题10分）：1. 【原文】 If that man had any sense, wouldnt he try to look attractive enough to make me want to hire him? Is he too lazy to make the effort? In that case, what kind of a worker can he be? Does he feel so bad about himself, and could his judgment be correct? 【原译】 如果那人有点头脑的话，他难道不会打扮得楚楚动人，让我想雇佣他？他是不是太懒了，不愿花力气呢？倘若是那样的话，那他会成为什么样的工人呢？他是否觉得自己不得志？他的这个判断能不能纠正过来？【原文】 But I am denied that deeper understanding of them which I am sure would come through sight of them, through watching their reactions to various expressed thoughts and circumstances, through noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and countenance.【原译】 但是，我不认为对于我所深知的人，要想更深入地了解他们，只能通过亲眼见到他们，亲眼看见他们对各种思想和环境的反应，亲眼看到他们的眼神和表情的即时的瞬间的反应。【原文】 Our colleague on the Sunday people had been exonerated by the Press Council for writing in her column that an actress had little piggy eyes. It was a moment of keen and necessary judicial wisdom: for where would our great profession be without the constitutional right to slag off anyone who gives us the pip?【原译】 我们的一位在星期日人民报供职的同事已为新闻委员会所开释，因为她曾在她的专栏里写道：某位女演员长着一对“小小的猪一般的眼睛”。那是个 的需要法官般智慧的时刻：因为如果没有宪法所规定的权利来驱除任何使我们不舒服的人，那我们伟大的职业将会处境如何？【原文】 Bogey played in his own Bogey way that was not at all Harriets. Harriet could never leaveanything alone, and Bogey liked things to be alone and behave themselves in their own way. For instance, he played with lizards and grass snakes; 【原译】 鲍吉有他自己的完全不同于哈丽特的玩法。要哈丽特不管闲事是不可能的，可鲍吉则喜欢事物栩栩如生各具情态。例如，他爱玩蜥蜴和青草蛇；5【原文】 The route was across the northern United States and then by ship to Alaska, where the plan was to drive across the Berling Strait on the ice.When the Thomas arrived in Alaska by ship, the locals laughed at its crows plan to cross the Berling Strait. Not one of them could remember the strait solidly frozen.【原译】 汽车竞赛的路线是穿越美国北部，然后搭船到阿拉斯加，在那里按计划驾车在冰上通过白令海峡。当托马斯号搭船抵达阿拉斯加时，该地的居民对车座人员穿越白令海峡的计划付之一笑。不过他们中谁也没想到，海峡早已冰封得坚坚实实了。6 【原文】 Considering the present situation, it may cause surprise, in view of the large number of reports of resistance from so many important species all over the world, that the impact on insect control programs is not more drastic.【原译】 考虑到目前的情况，人们会感到奇怪，鉴于从世界各地有大量的报告谈到有许多重要的物种出现了抗药性，你会觉得害虫控制计划措施不那么有力。【原文】 Warming the food before sealing the cans has the effect of reducing the pressure inside the cans while the food is being sterilized. Then the cans are sealed and the food is sterilized by heating the cans in a retort by means of steam.【原译】 当事物消毒时，在罐头封起来之前先加热，有减少罐头内的压力的效果。然后罐头可以封起来，通过蒸汽把罐头放在容器内加热使食物消毒。【原文】 The difference between emending and amending a text is based on the two ways in which a text can be considered correct. A text might be correct if it is in its original, purest or most authentic form. To restore it to this form, you emend it. On the other hand, the text might be correct if it is in its best possible form, usually different from the original: to change it to this improved form, you amend it.【原译】 校订一个语篇与修订一个语篇之间的区别基于一个语篇可被视为正确的两种情形。如果一个语篇是以其最初的、最纯正的或最真实的形式出现，那么它就可能是“正确的”。把这语篇恢复到这种形式，你就是在校订它。在另一方面，如果那语篇是以其尽可能好的形式出现的，这形式通常与最初形式不同，那么这语篇就可能是“正确的”：把这语篇改变到这种改进的形式，你就是在修订它。【原文】 It would have demanded an unquestioning patriotism, happily uncommon in this country as it isundesirable, for these people not to have been disturbed by the biter letters they received, by the newspaper stories they read, not to have been enraged by the posters, then to be found all over New York, which described the Japanese as “yellowbellied Japs.”【原译】 毫无疑问地，这本应该激起人们的爱国心（所幸在这个国家里爱国心既不常见也不需要），但那些痛苦的来信使他们心神不宁，还有他们读到的那些新闻报道，那些令他们愤怒的海报。那时候纽约到处都贴着那种海报，把日本人描写成“黄肚皮的日本佬儿”。10【原文】 But what if, God forbid, one loses faith? The wicked live on denials; denials in themselves are also a faith, faith in evildoing, and from it one can draw strength for the body. But if the pious man loses his faith, the truth is shown to him, and he is recalled. This is the symbolic meaning of the words, “When a man dies in a tent”: when the pious man falls from his rank, and becomes, like the wicked, without permanent shelter, then a light shines from above, and all doubts cease 【原译】 但是万一有人不再相信了呢？那些邪恶的人不相信上帝，不相信上帝本身也是一种信仰，信仰做坏事；人可以从中得到力量。但是如果虔诚的人丧失了信仰，告诉他真理他就会恢复过来。这就是“当一个人在帐篷中死去”这句话的象征意义：当虔诚的人掉队时，像邪恶的人一样失去了永远的庇护，这时一道亮光在头顶闪过，所有的疑惑都消失了11. 【原文】 Henry Bennett performed a carefully controlled study in which anesthetized patients received a suggestion just before being brought to consciousness. Most patients who were told to pull their ears during a subsequent interview did exactly that, even though they did not recall having received such instructions.译文 亨利贝内特作了仔细的观察研究：在做手术的病人被麻醉失去了知觉前，他建议他们在手术过程中仔细听谈话，即使他们回忆不起曾受过这种暗示，病人也能照嘱咐做。12. 【原文】 British and American English probably became similar as is necessary for easy mutual understanding, but not more similar than that unless Americans and Britons feel no further need to regard themselves as culturally distinct. As the late Professor J.R. Firth is said to have observed of pronunciation: “It is part of the meaning of an American to sound like one.”【原译】 英国和美国英语也许会变得使之容易地互相理解所必要的相似，但不会比这更相似了，除非美国人和英国人感到不再有需要认为自己在文化上是独特的了。如同据说的已故教授J。R。弗思对发音所作的评述：“一个美国人发出声音像个美国人是这个内涵的一部分”。13. 【原文】 This dual quality of being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences, and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting their true significance, is probably what Pasteur meant when he said Chance benefits only the prepared mind. Nevertheless, it is clear that these qualities alone, even then joined to those mentioned previously, are not necessarily sufficient to ensure success: an indispensable factor in all the discoveries quoted above was careful and systematic experimentation.【原译】 既有对微小偶发事件的敏感性和好奇心，又具有能联想其正确含义的参考系，这种两重性大概就是巴斯德所说的“机遇只使有心人获益”。但是很明显，仅仅是这些，即使与先前注意到事物联系起来，还不足以保证取得成就。在所有上面讲到的发现中，必不可少的是仔细地和系统地实验。14. 【原文】 Sometimes the dispute is finely balanced the pronunciation of controversy for instance, or the need for whom or the difference between further and farther. But you will always find a clear discussion of the dispute, airing the arguments on both sides, referring to the history of the language, quoting modern examples and suggesting a solution.【原译】 有时争论非常地平衡。例如，controversy的发音，或whom的需要，或further和farther之间的差异。但你在这儿总会找到对争端的清楚地讨论，在两方面都发表论点，涉及语言的历史，引用现代的例子，并且表明解决的办法。15. 【原文】 Some years ago the curious compound “benign neglect” was used to describe a U.S. government policy that avoided actively promoting racial equality on the controversial ground that progress towards racial equality would meet less resistance in the absence of such intervention.【原译】 若干年前，奇怪的复合词benign neglect（有益的疏忽）被用来描写美国政府。这种政策就是：根据那个有争议的理由，即在缺少这样的干预时向着种族平等的进步倒会遇到较小的阻力，避免积极地促进这种种族平等。16. 【原文】 Then, between is still preferable when more than one relationship is involved, provided that every relationship is a well-defined two-way relationship typically when every element is named.【原译】其次，当一种以上的关系被包括时，between仍是更可取的，假如每种关系都是一个被非常明确表示的两个方面的关系的话典型的是当每个成分的名字都被说出的时候。17. 【原文】 I have already mentioned that these techniques can be used even when they are not well understood by the lower levels in management, and that this will generally be associated with the centralization of decision. This largely arises from the scarcity (shortage) of the knowledge required to carry out operational research and operate the necessary computing equipment; it appears economical to use this scarce resource best by concentrating it at one point.【原译】 我已经指出，即使在下级管理人员对它不甚理解的情况下，这些技术也能够被应用。这通常与决策集中化有关。集中决策在很大程度上是由于缺乏足够的知识去实施运筹学和操作必要的计算设备而引起的；因而集中到一个地点以便最佳地利用不充足的资源看来是经济的。18. 【原文】 In fact, plant breeding work is already in progress in most developing countries, and has been begun in some instances by local workers on their own initiative, or with the assistance of international bodies such as FAO.【原译】 实际上，在一些地区，由于当地工作者的主动性或者由于诸如联合国粮农组织等国际组织的协助，植物育种工作已在大多数发展中国家开展起来了。19. 【原文】 There are many situations in which this ability to handle and to analyze large quantities of arithmetic data according to instructions is of great value. Some examples are fields of scientific investigation such as crystallography, atomic physics and astronomy, where masses of experimental data are involved and complex theoretical concepts need to be tested against them; in engineering design where the design parameters, of which there are many, can be varied systematically and their effects studied and optimized; and for the storage of reference data in libraries and insurance offices in such a way as to afford ready access to particular references on request.【原译】 在很多情况下，这种按照指令处理和分析大量算术数据的能力具有重大意义。有些例子是属于科学研究领域的，例如结晶学、原子物理和天文学。那里有大量的实验数据，有许多复杂的理论概念要以这些数据为背景进行验证；在工程设计中有许多参数，其中有许多可以作系统的变化，可以研究其效应并使之其最优化；图书馆和保险公司合适地储存参考资料，以便随时满足查询专门资料的要求。20. 【原文】 Thus, if we take the above example for the possessive expressing an agent and add own (e.g., I prefer Holbeins own portrait of Henry VIII), English speakers who are nave about the historical names and facts involved will tend to understand that Holbein is the owner of rather than the artist who produced the portrait. The use of own to emphasize an agent is appropriate only when the person referred to in the possessive form is both the agent and possessor of the head noun.【原译】 因此，如果我们以为上面的例子是表达施动者的所有格，并且添加own（如I prefer Holbeins own portrait of Henry VIII），一些对历史人物的名字和有关事实知之不多的人往往会以为肖像的所有者是Holbein，而不是绘画的艺术家。只是在提及的人取所有格形式，而且他即是施动者又是中心名词的所有者的条件下，才可以用own来强调施动者。21 【原文】 We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry,” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.【原译】 我们每天的生活应当过得从容不迫，朝气蓬勃，观察敏锐，而这些东西往往在日复一日，月复一月，年复一年的时间长流中慢慢消失。当然，也有一些人一生只知道“吃喝玩乐”，然而，多数人在确知死神将至时反而有所节制。22【原文】 If you cannot travel, seek out people with whom you disagree, and read a newspaper belonging to party that is not yours. If the people and the newspaper seem mad, perverse, and wicked, remind yourself that you seem so to them. In this opinion both parties may be right, but they cannot both be wrong. This reflection should generate a certain caution.【原译】 假如你不能旅行，那就找一找与你保持不同意见的人，读一读不属于你们党的报纸。如果那些人和报纸看起来是疯狂的、荒谬的和恶劣的，那就要提醒你自己，对于他们来说，你似乎也是这样。依照这种看法。双方可能都是正确的，但是不可能双方都错了。这种考虑当能使人审慎从事。23【原文】 A New Yorker might find it far more difficult to communicate with a Glaswegian, both reputedly speaking a single language, than a Spaniard would with a Portuguese, speaking different languages.【原译】 一个纽约人可能会觉得，与操不同语言的一个西班牙人和一个葡萄牙人人交流信息相比，他跟一个格拉斯哥人交流起来要困难得多，尽管后两者所谓是操同一种语言。24【原文】 I have a holy horror of COSEPI, not as an exotic malady, which may afflict persons of different pigmentation, in far off lands, but for precisely the opposite reason; because it is endemic among my own people, and because its ravages are all too familiar, and come too close.【原译】我对COSEPI极厌恶，不是因为它是一种外来的弊病，这弊病也许会使得遥远的国度里的不同肤色的人苦恼，而是由于恰恰相反的原因：因为它是我自己的人民中特有的，因为它所造成的破坏实在太熟悉，来得也实在太近。25【原文】 When you think of the unhealthy amount of sugar even in things like baked beans, then you realize that the man who makes a scene because his “morning-picked mushrooms” came out of a tin is someone we truly need. Only, if the food fusspot is to be considered necessary, he must not just stop at taste.【原译】 每当你想起甚至在像炒豆这样的东西中也有着危及健康的含糖量，那么你就会意识到那个引起“晨采蘑菇”罐头破了而大吵一场的人便是我们真正需要的人。不过，假如对食物爱挑剔的人被认为是必要的话，那么他就不应该尝一下就不吃了。26 【原文】 Dictionaries enter word-forming elements with hyphens: pre-, -graph, -ness, tele, -l-. The hyphens show the place or places where the wording-forming element “plugs in” to the word it helps to form: pre-Cambrian, niceness matrilineal, telegraph. Sometimes the hyphen will appear in the final word (as it does in pre-Cambrian), sometimes not (as in niceness).【原译】 词典用连字号来将构词成分编进去：pre-, -graph, -ness, tele, -l-。这些连字号表明该构词成分“插入”到它帮助构成的那个词的位置在哪里：pre-Cambrian, niceness, matrilineal, telegraph。连字号 有时会出现于最后的那个词中（像它在pre-Cambrian中的那样），有时则不出现（如在niceness中）。27【原文】 It is essential that these dials should be easily read and not subject to error. What form should they take? They may have vertical scales or horizontal scales, they may be semicircular or completely round: the whole scale may be visible or only part through a small “window.” An investigation found that the window type is the best. This seems reasonable since only a part of the scale appears in the window, and so there is less effort required to read the precise point on the scale.【原译】 根本问题是，这些表盘应该容易读又不会出差错。那么，表盘应该采用何种形式呢？可以是垂直式或水平式刻度，可以使半圆形或整圆形，也可以是整个刻度盘都可见或是通过“小窗口”只能见到一部分。试验者发现“窗式”是最好的。这个结果看来是很合情理的。因为只有刻度盘的一部分在窗口里显露出来，才能不费多大力气就读出表上的准确刻度。28【原文】 Now, out of the twelve acres only about four are left as suitable for producing food. But not all that is used. It includes land with enough soil and enough rainfall or water, and enough heat which, at present, we are not using, such as, for example, the great Amazon forests and Congo forest and the grassland Africa.【原译】 现在，从这十二英亩中只剩下大约四英亩适合生产粮食的土地了。而这一点土地也没有全部利用。这块包括有足够土壤、足够的降雨或水、足够的热的土地，例如像亚马逊大森林、刚果森林和非洲草地，我们尚未利用。29【原文】 Precipitation, commonly referred to as rainfall, is a measure of the quantity of water in the form either rain, hail or snow which reaches the ground.【原译】 降量，一般称为降雨量，是以雨水、冰雹或雪的形式降落到地面的水量的计量单位。30【原文】 His poems, browsed through or taken en masse, informally or intravenously, are often lovely things.【原译】 他的诗，非正式地或静脉注射般地、被从头到尾或者说全部浏览一遍，通常是令人愉快的事情。31【原文】 (将)按照合理布局、优化结构、突出重点的要求，加强宣传文化事业的基本建设。【原译】 Capital construction of publicity and cultural undertakings will be strengthened according to the principle of a rational distribution, an optimized structure and a priority order.32【原文】 四川民居，结合当地气候、地形特点，利用砖、石、竹、木等地方材料，采取多种设计手法，依山傍水，随势而筑，空间丰富多变，层次错落有致，造型空透轻盈，色彩清明素雅，与自然融成一体，宛似天成。【原译】 Being made of brick, stone, bamboo, wood and other local building materials, Sichuan folk houses, in the light of the local weather and topography, are designed by various means and built, in order to suit the geographical feature, on the slope of hill or by the side of water. The houses are graceful in appearance and their color is clear and bright, simple but elegant. They are in such perfect harmony with nature that they seem as if they are created by nature. 33【原文】 如果说第1-9项是由于客观因素所致，那么第10项则完全是由管理人员的主观因素（包括没有完善的管理组织、没有明确的发展目标、没有足够的资金投入、没有切实可行的管理措施、与当地居民没有建立合作关系、不能发挥管理人员的主观能动性等）所造成的。【原译】 It is believed that factors 1-9 are objective ones while factor 10 is subjective one, which includes the facts that no managing organization, development aims, managing measures and coope