大学英美文化部分诗歌翻译.doc

英语诗歌A RED,RED ROSE翻译：心上的人儿啊，你像玫瑰红艳艳 六月花苞才乍现 心上的人儿啊，你像歌儿那样甜曲调悠扬美如仙 你像花儿那样美，漂亮的人儿 爱你深深在心间 我爱你啊到永远，亲爱的人儿直到四海都枯干 直到四海枯干啊，亲爱的人儿 直到烈日化顽岩 我爱你啊到永远，亲爱的人儿今生今世心不变 让我道别说再见，我唯一的宝贝 分别只是一瞬间 我会回到你身边，我的宝贝即使路途万里远赏析：Theme: to express strong affection to his love, swearing that he will love her for ever.Structure:1.Stanza 1: compare his sweet heart as a red rose and sweet music.2. Stanza 2-3 : swear that he will love her for ever, and assure that he will never change his heart.3. Stanza 4: assure his lover that he will leavefor a short time but will come back no matter how far it is.Form: Scottish Folklore, short lines, strong rhythm. The first and third lines have 8 syllables and the second and fourth lines have 6 syllable in the first two stanzas and 7 syllables in the second two stanzas. Rhyming abab.Use simile to express the strong affection which can not be controlled. And use repetition to intensify his emotion 诗歌ON THE SEAS AND FAR AWAY翻译：离开了我的水手小子，我可怜的心如何能愉悦？ 他出海迎敌， 我如何能放弃对他的思念？去散步，去漫游，我心依旧与我所爱在一起。 朝思暮想， 我心仍然与远方的他在一起，远方，他在海上，远方，他在刮着暴风雨的海上，朝思暮想，我心依然与远方的他在一起。赏析：This poetry writes about a girl misses her lover day and night, whatever they do, wherever they are, she thinks theyre always together, thats strength her affection to her lover in turn.The poem is composed in the form of quatrain stanza, discribing a sincerity and passion love between the poet and a sailor. Its rhythmic pattern is trochaic tetrameter 英语诗歌lovev philosoph翻译：泉水与江水汇合, 江水与海水交流，微风从天边吹来, 永远带有甜蜜的温柔. 世界上事事成双, 神圣的定律, 让人相遇又相求; 为什么你和我, 不可以水乳交融? 请看高山热吻长空, 海浪相拥相抱相激荡; 姐妹之花要是冷落兄弟, 又如何能够原谅! 阳光搂抱大地, 月光遍吻海洋; 你要是吝于一吻, 这种种甜蜜又如何 ，值得想望?【诗文欣赏】这首Loves Philosophy则是雪莱的一首广为流传的抒情小诗。诗人先是列举了一些例子,引出了“宇宙万物相生相融”的定律,继而提出“为何你我不是如此”的质疑。接下来,诗人再一次将其“心上人”的视线引至自然界中那些“相亲相爱”的事物上,最后用了一句“这一切亲吻有何意义,倘若你不肯吻我”道出了他这个多情男子心中的那份怅然心绪。 在爱缺失的空间里,一切都显得苍白而毫无意义的。这首小诗清新优美,打动人心,令人难忘。 诗歌 A DIRGE翻译：狂风呵，你在高声哀呼，悲痛得不成歌声；风呵，你使阴沉的云雾 ,整夜都在敲丧钟；暴风雨，你流泪也枉然，枯树呵，你高伸出枝干，幽暗的洞，凄凉的平原哭吧，为世上的暴政！ 诗歌song to the men of England翻译：英格兰的人们，凭什么要给蹂躏你们的老爷们耕田种地？凭什么要辛勤劳动纺织不息用锦绣去打扮暴君们的身体？（二）凭什么，要从摇篮直到坟墓。用衣食去供养，用生命去保卫。那一群忘恩负义的寄生虫类。他们在榨你们的汗，喝你们的血？（三）凭什么，英格兰的工蜂，要制作。那么多的武器，锁链和刑具。使不能自卫的寄生雄蜂竟能掠夺。用你们强制劳动创造的财富？（四）你们是有了舒适，安宁和闲暇。还是有了粮食，家园和爱的慰抚？否则，付出了这样昂贵的代价。担惊受怕忍痛吃苦又换来了什么？（五）你们播下了种子，别人来收割。你们找到了财富，归别人占有。你们织布成衣，穿在别人身上。你们锻造武器，握在别人的手。（六）播种吧但是不让暴君收；发现财富不准骗子占有；制作衣袍不许懒汉们穿；锻造武器为了自卫握在手！七)你们装修的厅堂让别人住在里面.自己却钻进地窖、牢房和洞穴去睡。为什么要挣脱你们自己造的锁链？瞧！你们炼就的钢铁在向你们逞威。八)就用锄头和织机，耕犁和铁铲。构筑你们的裹尸布吧，终有一天。美丽的英格兰成为你们的葬身窟。赏析：在诗人的许多作品中可见到为争取自由而斗争的主题，诗人心目中的自由包括消灭对劳动的剥削，这一观念在本诗中得到深刻的表达.诗人向劳动人民致辞，号召世界的创造者-劳动人民，向资本家进行斗争，拿起武器捍卫自身的权利.全诗共八节,每节四行，每行四个重音节，双行韵式aa-bb 西风颂赏析全诗共五节，由五首十四行诗组成。从形式上，五个小节格律完整，可以独立成篇。从内容来看，它们又熔为一体，贯穿着一个中心思想。结构严谨，层次清晰，主题集中，是西风颂一个突出的艺术特点。西风颂采用的是象征手法，西风颂不是风景诗，而是政治抒情诗，它虽然没有一句直接描写革命，但整首诗都是在反映革命。尤其是结尾脍炙人口的诗句，既概括了自然现象，也深刻地揭示了人类社会的历史规律，指出了革命斗争经过艰难曲折走向胜利的光明前景，寓意深远，余味无穷，一百多年来成了人们广泛传诵的名言警句。 诗歌A PSALM OF LIFE赏析：一）全诗共九节，每节四行，四行音节组合顺序为“8音节+7音节+8音节+7音节”（an eight syllable line followed by a seven syllable line），韵为“abab”式，即隔行交替押韵。二）诗人在诗中假象了两个人物:青年(the young man)和诗人/歌者(the Psalmist)。三）修辞手法的运用（一）头韵(Alliteration)。如“For the soul is dead that slumbers”，“And the grave is not its goal”，“Was not spoken of the soul”，“In the worlds broad field of battle”。（二）典故(Allusion)。如“Dust thou are,to dust thou returnest”出自Book of Common Prayer；“Art is long, time is fleeting”引用了“Art is long, life is short”这句谚语。(三) 比喻(Metaphor and Simile)。在“in the bivouac of life”中,诗人将人生暗喻成宿营；在“Be not like dumb, driven cattle.”中将人比做了哑畜。翻译: 不要用哀伤的诗句告诉我。“人生本是飘渺虚幻梦一场！”沉睡的性灵无异于死亡，人生百事，变化无常。（II）人生是如此真实，如此真诚！墓穴不该是它的归宿；“本是尘土，终归于尘土”，这说的不是灵魂。（III）我们命定的追求和道路，不是享乐，亦不是伤悲；而是行动，让每个明天都比今天更精彩，更优秀。（IV）艺术恒无涯际，时光打马而过；纵使人心勇敢坚强，总逃不过，如鼙鼓般，哀乐闷响，渐入九泉。（V）在世界广阔的战场，在漫漫人生的营帐；莫如牛羊般任人驱策，誓做一名奋战的英雄！（VI）不希冀未来，纵使她动人可爱！让往事随时光湮灭！行动，行动就在当下！胸怀赤心，上赖天佑！（VII）千秋伟人昭示着我们：我们能使生命绽放华彩。 纵然离去，岁月的沙滩上会留有我们走过的痕迹。（VIII）或有别的兄弟，航行于庄严的人生海洋，遇险而心感凄凉，见到我们的踪迹而重能希望。（IX）那么，就让我们行动起来，胸怀赤心，笑傲命运；不断进取，孜孜追寻，勤于耕耘，善于等待 诗歌ANNABEL LEE赏析：Setting: The narrator (persona) writes about a fictional kingdom along the ocean shore. It is an idyllic, beautiful, land of enchantmenta paradise on earthwhere he and Annabel Lee fell in love as adolescents. One can imagine that they strolled the beaches, hand in hand, in gentle breezes while the sun went down and the tide rushed in. This kingdom, where love ruled their hearts, remains dear to the memory of the poet after Annabel Lee dies, for his soul remains united with hers. Characters Narrator (persona): A man of deep sensibility who extolls a young maiden with whom he fell deeply in love. Annabel Lee: Beautiful young maiden loved by the poet. She was of noble birth, as Line 17 of Stanza 1 suggests when it says she had “highborn” relatives. Annabel Lee probably represents Poes wife, who died at a young age. Seraphs: Members of the highest order of angelsaround the throne of God. According to the Bible, they each had three pairs of wings. In the poem, the seraphs are so envious of the love between the narrator and Annabel Lee that they cause Annabels death. Relative of Annabel Lee: A “highborn kinsman” (Line 17, Stanza 1) who carries away and entombs her body. Date of Publication: Annabel Lee was published on October 9, 1849, in the New York Daily Tribune. Theme Eternal love. The love between the narrator and Annabel Lee is so strong and beautiful and pure that even the seraphs, the highest order of angels in heaven, envy it. They attempt to kill this love by sending a chilling wind that kills Annabel Lee. However, the love remains aliveeternalbecause the souls of the lovers remain united. The death of a beautiful woman is a common theme in Poes writing. Romeo and Juliet Motif: Like Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, the narrator and Annabel Lee are both very young when they fall deeply in love. In addition, like Shakespeares “star-crossed” lovers, Poes lovers become victims of forces beyond their control. Finally, the narrator and Annabel Leelike Romeo and Julietexperience a love beyond the understanding of older persons. (See the opening lines of the second stanza.) The Real Annabel Lee: The model for Annabel Lee was probably Poes wife, Virginia Clemm, whom he married when she was only 13. Their marriage was a very happy one. Unfortunately, she died of tuberculosis in January 1847 when she was still in her twenties. Poedied two years and nine months lateron October 7, 1849. “Annabel Lee” was his last poem. Rhyme, Rhythm, Repetition: Poe uses three Rsrhyme, rhythm, and repetitionin “Annabel Lee” to create a harmony of sounds that underscore the exquisite harmony of the narrators relationship with his beloved. Rhyme and Repetition Throughout the poem, Poe repeats the soud of long e. For example, in the first stanza, Line 2 ends with sea, Line 4 with Lee, and Line 6 with me. Stanzas 2 and 3 repeat the sea, Lee, me pattern, although Stanza 3 adds a second end-rhyming sea. Stanza 4 alters the pattern to me, sea, and Lee. Stanza 5 uses we, we, sea, and Lee; the last stanza uses Lee, Lee, sea, and sea. A notable example of internal rhyme occurs in the last line of Stanza 4: “Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.” Rhythm and Repetition The lines of the poem alternate in length between a long line (usually with 9 to 11 syllables) and a short line (usually with 6 to 8 syllables), as in the first stanza: .It was many and many a year ago, (11 syllables) .In a kingdom by the sea, (7 syllables) .That a maiden there lived whom you may know (10 syllables) .By the name of Annabel Lee (8 syllables) .And this maiden she lived with no other thought (11 syllables) .Than to love and be loved by me. (8 syllables) Poe repeats this rhythmic pattern throughout the poem, perhaps to suggest the rise and fall of the tides. He also repeats key phrasessuch as in this kingdom by the sea and my Annabel Lee (or my beautiful Annabel Lee)to create haunting refrains. In addition, Poe sometimes repeats words or word patterns within a single line, as in (1) many and many a year ago, (2) we loved with a love that was more than love, and (3) my darlingmy darling. Poe further enhances the rhythm of the poem with the repetition of consonant sounds (alliteration). Notice, for example, the repetition of the “w” and “l” sounds in this line in Stanza 2: But we loved with a love that was more than love. Poe sometimes couples repetition of consonant sounds with repetition of vowel sounds, as in many and many, love and be loved, and those who were older than we. Word Choice: Poe carefully chose the words of the poem to evoke a dreamland or fairytale atmosphere. It was many and many a year ago, for example, echoes the traditional fairytale opening of once upon a time. The words kingdom, maiden, andchild then lead the reader into the never-never land, with kingdom suggesting chivalry and romance, maiden suggesting innocence, and child suggesting the wonderment of youth. Although he first uses sepulchre (Stanza 3) to refer to Annabel Lees burial chamberthen repeats it in the seventh line of Stanza 6he uses tomb in the last line of the poem to refer to her resting place. Tomb has a more ominous connotation, suggesting finality. It also has a more deathly ring, like the cavernous toll of a funeral bell. Use of Alliteration: Poe relies heavily on alliteration in Annabel Lee to create pleasing sound patterns. Following are examples of alliteration in the poem: That the wind came out of the cloud by night, Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.(Alliterating words: came, cloud, killing) But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we Of many far wiser than we.(Alliterating words: was, who, were, we, wiser, we)ImageryDarkness and Light: Implied and explicit images of darkness and light occur throughout the poem. Poe implies that the kingdom by the sea is a bright, cheerful place where the sun shines on two young lovers, the narrator and Annabel Lee. Ironically, in another realm of dazzling lightheaventhe highest order of angels, the Seraphim, grow dark with envy of the young couple. Under cover of night, they send a cold wind that kills Annabel Lee: The wind came out of the cloud by night, / Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee. But the narrator says he remains in a realm of light, for his soul and the soul of Annabel Lee are one. In the last stanza, Poe emphasizes this point with light imagery: For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful Annabel Lee.Thus, his beloved becomes the moon and the stars shining down on him from the sepulchral night sky. 诗歌 To Helen赏析：To Helen is the first of two poems to carry that name written by Edgar Allan Poe. The 15-line poem was written in honor of Jane Stanard, the mother of a childhood friend. It was first published in 1831 collection Poems of Edgar A. Poe then reprinted in 1836 in the Southern Literary Messenger. Poe revised the poem in 1845, making several improvements, most notably changing the beauty of fair Greece, and the grandeur of old Rome to the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome. These improved lines are the most well-known lines of the poem.Background Edgar Allan Poe wrote “To Helen” as a reflection on the beauty of Mrs. Jane Stith Stanard, who died in 1824. She was the mother of one of Poes school classmates, Robert Stanard. When Robert invited Edgar, then 14, to his home in 1823, Poe was greatly taken with the 27-year-old woman, who is said to have urged him to write poetry. He was later to write that she was his first real love. Theme The theme of this short poem is the beauty of a woman with whom Poe became acquainted when he was 14. Apparently she treated him kindly and may have urged himor perhaps inspired himto write poetry. Beauty, as Poe uses the word in the poem, appears to refer to the womans soul as well as her body. On the one hand, he represents her as Helen of Troythe quintessence of physical beautyat the beginning of the poem. On the other, he represents her as Psychethe quintessence of soulful beautyat the end of the poem. In Greek, psyche means soul. Analysis:As is typical with many of Poes poems, the rhythm and rhyme scheme of To Helen is irregular but musical in sound. The poem consists of three stanzas of five lines each, where the end rhyme of the first stanza is ABABB, that of the second is ABABA, and that of the third is ABBAB. Poe uses soothing, positive words and rhythms to create a fitting tone and atmosphere for the poem. His concluding image is that of light, with a brilliant window niche and the agate lamp suggesting the glowing of the Holy Land, for which Helen is the beacon.诗歌youth,day,old,age and night强壮、健硕、可爱的青年啊充满优雅、活力和魅力的青年啊，你知道，你老的时候，你也会有着同样的优雅、活力和魅力吗？光明绚丽的白昼灿烂的太阳照耀的，有着行动、雄心和欢笑的白天啊，无数的太阳、睡眠和让人精力充沛的黑夜追随在你身后 诗歌Im NOBODY 赏析：The poems first stanza tells how the speaker meets a fellow nobody a friend. Together, the two nobodies can enjoy each others company and their shared anonymity.In the second stanza, the tone of the poem changes. The speaker sounds confident. Perhaps it is her discovery that there are other people like her other nobodies- that makes her feels strongly that being a somebody isnt such a great idea.She realizes that having a friend who understands you and accepts you as you are is more important than being admired by a lot of people or being in the in crowd.In the poems second stanza, the speaker also makes a strange comparison. She says that being a somebody is like being a frog. What does this simile mean? Aside from Kermit, there arent many celebrity frogs around.SummaryThe speaker exclaims that she is “Nobody,” and asks, “Who are you? / Are you Nobodytoo?” If so, she says, then they are a pair of nobodies, and she admonishes her addressee not to tell, for “theyd banish usyou know!” She says that it would be “dreary” to be “Somebody”it would be “public” and require that, “like a Frog,” one tell ones name “the livelong June / To an admiring Bog!”FormThe two stanzas of “Im Nobody!” are highly typical for Dickinson, constituted of loose iambic trimeter occasionally including a fourth stress (“To tell your namethe livelong June”). They follow an ABCB rhyme scheme (though in the first stanza, “you” and “too” rhyme, and “know” is only a half-rhyme, so the scheme could appear to be AABC), and she frequently uses rhythmic dashes to interrupt the flow.CommentaryIronically, one of the most famous details of Dickinson lore today is that she was utterly un-famous during her lifetimeshe lived a relatively reclusive life in Amherst, Massachusetts, and though she wrote nearly 1,800 poems, she published fewer than ten of them. This poem is her most famous and most playful defense of the kind of spiritual privacy she favored, implying that to be a Nobody is a luxury incomprehensible to the dreary Somebodiesfor they are too busy keeping their names in circulation, croaking like frogs in a swamp in the summertime. This poem is an outstanding early example of Dickinsons often jaunty approach to meter (she uses her trademark dashes quite forcefully to interrupt lines and interfere with the flow of her poem, as in “How dreary to beSomebody!”). Further, the poem vividly illustrates her surprising way with language. The juxtaposition in the line “How publiclike a Frog” shocks the first-time reader, combining elements not typically considered together, and, thus, more powerfully conveying its meaning (frogs are “public” like public figuresor Somebodiesbecause they are constantly “telling their name” croakingto the swamp, reminding all the other frogs of their identities). 诗歌HOPE IS THE THING WITH FEATHERS赏析：诗人在这首诗中讴歌了“希望”。“希望”是中外诗歌中仅次于“爱情”的主题。这是一首抑扬格的韵律诗，其韵脚（foot rhyme）基本上是ABAB，只有第9行和11行稍有松动。诗中的语言，在语法和句法上都是非常完整和严谨的。在第1段中，第1行为主句，2、3、4行由That引导一个定语从句，修饰the thing，即Hope.第2段的5、6行是并列倒装句，第7行是 the storm的定语从句，第8行是bird的定语从句。本段中，诗人用the Gale、the storm 来比喻 difficult time.第3段中，第9行和第12行为并列句。其中的 it 指代 the little bird，即Hope.句中 the chilliest 意为 the coldest； 而 the strangest 意为 far far away 或 the farthest. 第11行的Extremity 意为 the most difficult situation，比喻艰难险阻或最困难的处境。最后一行的 crumb，意为 a very small piece of dry food，比喻非常细小、微不足道的东西。诗人使用通俗而又精练的语言，采用比喻和拟人的修辞手段，生动准确地讴歌了“希望”。诗人不但将希望比喻成小鸟，而且将其意象化和理想化希望栖息在灵魂中（in the soul），唱着无词之曲，永不停息；尽管希望无处不在，给人带来温暖，带来鼓励，指引方向，然而，它却没有任何企求，也不要求任何回报（Yet， never， It asked a crumbof me）。诗人不但善于把常用的词句放在特殊的上下文中进行对比，互相铺陈，而且对标点符号的用法也别具一格。几乎在每一行中，诗人都用了破折号，产生一种停顿或过渡的感觉，更表达了情感上的迁移或转换，读起来节律感更突出。这也使她的这首韵律诗锦上添花。虽然诗人的1775首诗大都是深沉的诗句，描写爱情、死亡和自然，然而，这首以“希望”为主题的诗却与之形成了鲜明的对比，表明她在闭门索居期间对于社会和哲学的探索，也表现了她在寂寞之中对生活的憧憬。这也可能是她高产诗作的潜在动力和源泉。 诗歌 I DIED FOR BEAUTY 赏析：赏析： 为美而死讲述了一个真理与美相遇的故事，歌颂了为真理和美而死的人。也有人把它看成一场凄美的爱情。男女主人公生前深深相爱，死后还紧紧纠缠在一起。这首诗歌的主题是讲一个因为真理和一个因为美丽而死的两个人，在讨论当前的生活，知道墓碑上长起来青苔，掩盖了他们的名字。显示了人的渺小和时间对于人的巨大作用。整首诗可以分为三节，第一节向我们展示了两位已经死去的主人公，第一个因为美丽而死的人是叙述者，根据“scarce”这个词语，我们可以清楚的知道他活着的时候不是很适合于当时的社会状况。这一节还向我们展示了一个因为真理而死去的人，叙述者用高尚的语气来介绍这个人，认为他的死是一个很好的例证。 第二节是他们两个的对话，在谈论他们俩为了什么而死，在谈论的结尾，为真理而死的人认为他们死的原因在死后已经变得一样了，他们俩就像兄弟一般。他向我们展示了究竟做什么是有意义的，以及所有死之前的理由在死后都变得一样。 诗歌 MENDING WALL赏析：form：Form Blank verse is the baseline meter of this poem, but few of the lines march along in blank verses characteristic lock-step iambs, five abreast. Frost maintains five stressed syllables per line, but he varies the feet extensively to sustain the natural speech-like quality of the verse. There are no stanza breaks, obvious end-rhymes, or rhyming patterns, but many of the end-words share an a