过去分词作定语和表语 (2).doc

过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语例句展示 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。1. The recovered animals will be released soon.2. We needed much more qualified workers.3. Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples.4. He is a teacher loved by his students.5. The student dressed in white is my daughter. = The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.自我归纳 1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在_之前发生，已经完成并具有_意义（见句1）。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由_动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_（见句1、句2）。_作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_（见句3、句4、句5）。拓展1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。2. 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如： There is nothing changed here since I left this town.3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.辨析 过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel.The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China.过去分词作表语例句展示 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。1. The street is lined with small shops.2. Tom was astonished to see his father.自我归纳过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成_结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_。 辨析1. 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如： The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.The library is now closed. 2. 过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成，动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：She was embarrassed because she didnt know the answer.Todays meeting was boring.3. 有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：The book is interesting and Im interested in it. 强化训练 从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied2. The Emperors New Clothes is an _ text. All of us are _ about it.A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited3. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried4. Im very _ with the dish I cooked. It looks nice and smells delicious. Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 5. I have read plenty of books _ by Lu Xun.A. written B. wrote C. writes D. writing6. His nephew, _ at sea when he was fifteen, had been his only relative.A. losing B. loses C. lost D. being lost7. They had beef and _ for supper.A. smoking fish B. fish smoking C. fish to smoke D. smoked fish8. She asked if there was anything _ for t