高三英语(语法填空-语法和固定搭配解析 4星).doc

精锐教育学科教师辅导教案学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数： 学员姓名：YYY 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： XX授课类型C专题- 语法填空固定搭配和语法解析T能力-写作句型多样化T能力-写作训练教学目标能掌握语法填空中的主要考点和常用固定搭配C专题（建议2-5分钟）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空 ，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_(wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _17_ (buy) the school, And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_(please ), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_ last row ._20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.“Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do. Then he took _25_ off, gave a big smile and said “Thats cool “答案：16. wearing 17. had bought 18. pleased 19. the 20. Although / Though21. harder 22. which 23. for 24. what 25. them（建议20-25分钟） 考点1. 动词的时态和语态(1). The sun was setting down when my car _ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village . ( 07广东) ( broke )(2). Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ ( result ) in the contrary to our intention. （ 08广东）( results )(3).People stepped on your feet or _ ( push ) you with their elbows.（09广东）(pushed )(4).“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _ ( inform ).（09广东）( was informed )(5).After a four-day journey, the young man _ ( present ) the water to the old man.（10广东）( presented )(6). He _( pretend ) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.（11广东）（was pretending ）小结： 动词的时态、语态是每年的考点， 也是历年高考重点考查的项目，通常1-2道题。 重点考查的是时态 ，且多与语态一起考查。时态理解错误在考生中是常见的， 把握命题人的意图是至关重要的。 解题时：1).先判断所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，2). 谓语动词的话， 判断用主动语态还是被动语态，3). 判断用那种时态（根据具体的语境、时间状语或另一动词）。4). 确定所填动词的形式，保证谓语动词时态、语态、人称和数的一致。5). 特别注意：时态变化时不规则动词的拼写。考点2 . 非谓语动词 (1). While she was getting me _ ( settle ) into a tiny but clean room. （ 07广东）（settled） (2). The Proverb, “ Plucking up a crop _( help ) it grow,” is based the following story.（08广东） ( to help ) (3). She wished that he was as easy _ ( please ) as her mother.（09广东）( to please ) (4). He spit it out , _ ( say ) it was awful.（10广东） ( saying ) (5). - and then I noticed a man _ ( sit ) at the front.（11广东）( sitting / sit ) 小结： 非谓语动词每年必考， 至少1道题， 主要考查：1). 动名词和不等式做宾语的区别；2). 非谓语动词做宾补的区别；3). 非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构。解题：1) 确定非谓语动词；（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词） 2) 确定用那种非谓语动词；（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）3) 确定语态；（结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定填那种语态）4) 确定用那种时态；（ 非谓语动词所表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作生的先后关系确定时态）派生词（ 词性变换）(1). Most of the _( Africa ) are still living in poverty. （ Americans ）(2). Chinas _ ( develop) of economy needs more careful planning. ( development )(3). Can you tell me the _ ( long) of the Great Wall ? ( length ) (4). Im very thankful for your _ ( help ) me. ( helping)(5). Going out for a part-time job can _ ( rich ) ones social experience. ( enrich )(6). He _ ( achievement) a lot in the field of science in the past ten years. ( has achieved)(7). The article _ ( simple ) to make it easy for students to understand.( has been simplified )(8). Whats the _ ( rich ) businessman in China ? ( richest )(9). He has become the _( clever ) of the two. ( cleverer )(10. I hope the dream that becoming a _ ( piano) will come true. ( pianist )(11). He is _ ( comfort ) because hes ill. ( uncomfortable )(12). I was sorry to find him _ ( conscious ) of the importance of study.(unconscious )(13). The boy jumped up and down _ ( happy) at the news. ( happily)(14). The old lady is _ ( extreme ) glad to see her daughter come back. ( extremely)(15). The lady was broken down by a car . _ ( fortunate ) there was no one nearby. (unfortunately)(16). This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ ( nature ) course. （08 广东）(natural )(17). But Jane knew from her past experience that her _ ( choose ) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. （ 09 广东）(choice )小结：派生词每年都有， 要求考生分析句子成分和结构， 判断空格考查的词类，再结合上下文和构词法填上适当的词形。注意： 词的前后缀 ， 特别是否定前缀。考点4. 冠词（1）the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _ small town some 20 kilometers away. ( 07 广东) ( a )（2）Shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience. ( 09 广东) ( a )（3）A young man came across a spring of clear water, _ water was sweet. ( 10 广东) ( the )（4）We had _ amazing conversation. ( 11 广东) ( an )小结： 冠词是高考的常考点。 若空格后面的名词 或 形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词时， 很可能填冠词。实战：1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个 （ 本、种、杯 -） ” 时， 一般填 a/an. 如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些 ”时， 一般填 the .2) . 泛指填aan , 特指填the.3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the. 定冠词的用法比较不好记，下面的顺口溜或许能帮助大家。 特指双熟悉， 上文已提及； 世上独无二， 序数最高级； 普转专有名， 习语及乐器。考点5. 名词、数词(1).But Jane knew from past experience that her _( choose ) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. ( 09 广东) ( choice )小结： 要注意 语境中词性的判断、词的转换、序号和倍数的表示法。广东考题常给出提示词要求用它的正确形式填空做法： 1. 判断是否填名词；（一般在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格和一些不定代词后面）；2. 注意名词的活用和具体的考查方式；1) 考名词的书写方式2) 单复数变化；3) 是不可数名词具体化（ 不可数名词在特定的情况下可转化成可数名词）；4) 名词修饰名词等。考点6. 形容词、副词(1). We drank together and talked _ ( merry) till far into the night.（07 广东38） ( merrily )(2). He felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _ ( high ). ( 08 广东38) ( higher )(3). His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _ ( warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. （10广东34） ( warmly )(4).“You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _( sweet).”（10广东39） ( sweeter )(5). I left it early because I had an appointment _ ( late ) that day. ( 11 广东 16 )( later )(6). He must be _ ( mental ) disabled. （ 11 广东 20 ） ( mentally )小结： 主要考查点是 形容词作定语、形容词和副词的比较级、 形容词和副词的相互转换等。 实战：1). 先分析句子成分， 作定语、表语、补语等用形容词；修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、或整个句子用副词；注意： 形容词（短语）可作伴随状语或结果状语。2). 结合上下文，分清句子结构，正确处理级的变化；注意隐含的比较级。3). 注意特殊的形容词、副词的比较等级的句型。4) .注意比较级的修饰词: 表“ 稍微” a bit, a little , some , any； 表“-得多” much, very much, far, a great/good deal, by far, a lot ; 表 “ 更加 ” still, even, rather, yet 等以及另外一些表程度的修饰词 （ 序数、 倍数、分数、 百分数等）考点7. 代词(1). That night my hostess had one of the hens end up in a dish on my table . _ villagers brought me goats cheese and hone. （07 广东37） ( other / some )(2). I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _. （ 07 广东40 ）( her )(3). A short-tempered man was anxious to help _ _ rice crop grow up quickly.（08 广东34）( his )(4). He was thinking about _ day and night.（08 广东35） ( this/ it )(5). She remember how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.（09 广东31） ( it ) ( 6). Although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _ . (09 广东38) ( him ) ( 7). After the student left, the teacher let _ student taste the water. （10广东36）( another ) (8) “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like _?” ( 10广东38) ( it ) (9). Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes_ walked away and sat near me , looking annoyed. ( 11广东 22) ( they )小结： 广东高考连续四年皆占2 题。常考点：. 不定代词的用法。. 替代词 it, that, those , one/ ones 的用法。 . it 的特殊用法。. 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such 等的用法。. 人称代词格的变化。. 物主代词、反身代词及疑问代词的用法。 应考虑的问题： 代词代的是人还是物。 代词代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。. 代词代的是特指还是泛指。. 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。. 代词表示的是肯定还是否定概念。. 修饰名词的不定代词（ another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each 等）考点8. 介词(1). I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me _ a guest in their house.（07广东33） ( as )(2) -, I wanted to reward the old woman _ the trouble I had caused her.（07广东40） ( for ) (3) -. _ these proverbs there are often interesting stories.（08广东31）( Behind )(4). He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day. （08 广东36）( after )(5). She found some good quality pipes _ sale.（09广东37） ( on ) (6). When Jane got home , with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _ table having dinner. （09 广东39） ( at ) (7). The young man went home _ a happy heart ( 10 广东) ( with )(8). I didnt like leaving him _ ones own, either. ( 11广东23 ) ( o n ) 小结： 广东高考连续四年皆有。考点： 1. 介词与动词、名词、形容词的习惯搭配。 2. 常用介词的用法。要弄清楚： 1. 可以作宾语（ 介宾或动宾）的结构（名词、代词、动名词、从句 ）2. 若空格后是上面提到的结构且不在句中作主语，又不在动词后面作宾语，那么这个空格就很可能用介词。3. 习惯搭配 就靠大家多记、多积累。考点9. 从句( 定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句 ) 若两个句子（ 含有两个主谓结构）之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格要填上连词，否则， 句子的结构不完整。一、（ 定语从句 ）(1) The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _ there was a garage . （07 广东） ( where )(2) Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display. （09广东）( where ) (3). He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder _ had been his teacher. (10 广东) ( who ) (4). Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.( 11 广东21) ( whom ) 小结： 考点： 关系代词和关系副词的选用、 非限定性定语从句。 热点： 由 whose, where, when, that, as 和“ 介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 注意： 1. when 引导的定语从句 2. where 引导的定语从句和状语从句、表语从句的区别 3. which 引导非限定性定语从句和并列句的区别 4. as 和which的区别、， such - as 和the same -as 的用法。 5. 分隔式定语从句的识别 6. 只能用that 不用that 的情况 7. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 8. 定语从句的主谓一致二、 （ 状语从句 ）(1). He was very tired after doing this a whole day, _ he felt very happy since the crop did “ grow” higher. ( 08广东) ( but )(2). My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived.( 11广东17) ( till / until )三 （名词性从句）(1). - I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house. ( 07广东) ( who )(2). - he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (08广东) ( that ) (3). We understand this lesson best _ we receive gifts of love from children.( 10广东) ( that ) 考点10.特殊句式（ 简单句、并列句、强调句、省略句、祈使句、倒装句、反义疑问句和there be 句式的用法等）填词：(1). It is often said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself. （ not, but ）(2). I thought wed be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. ( but )(3). The artist was born poor, _ poor he remained all his life. ( and )(4). In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. ( while )(5). He found it increasingly difficult to read , _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. ( for )(6). Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. ( and )(7). It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. ( that )(8). Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ he stop repairing and cleaning it.(did )(9). Only when I left my parents for Italy _ I realize how much I loved them. ( did )(10). You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. ( with )(11). The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _ teachers energy saved, but students became more interested in lessons. ( was )(12). Some of you may have finished Unit one. If _, you can go on to Unit two. ( so )(13) _ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. ( Such )(14). I traveled to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, and _ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin. ( so )( 15). Once _ ( ask), everyone needs to co-operate without hesitation. (asked )小结：考点：. 强调句 . 倒装句 . 并列句 . 祈使句 . 省略句注意： 句子的结构、 主谓一致、 时态、语态 。（建议5-10分钟）2012年广州一模A farmer once organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit. He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields, and hid a carrot and a bone in it. He wanted to see _16_ animal would find them first.The _17_ (cheer) and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot, _18_ (dig) here and there, totally convinced that he would find it. But the dog, after sniffing around for a bit, _19_ (lie) down and began to complain about how difficult it, was to find one bone in such a big field.The rabbit dug _20_ hours, and with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit. _21_ the rabbit thought that each hole dug was one hole less that needed digging. When there was no place in the whole field _22_ (leave) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to _23_ the dog had been lying all the time. There he found the carrot and the bone.This is how the dog lost the game. He had come to _24_ right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone _25_ he only complained and didnt try at all.2012年广州二模Inequality between men and women results in poorer health for children and greater family poverty(贫穷)，according to a new study. The UN agency Unicef found that, 16 _ the situation has slightly improved, many women are still not included in family decisions， 17_ as a result their children are more likely to suffer from poor health.The main finding of the 30-country survey is that equality between men and women is vital to 18 _ (improve) living standards and health, especially for children in developing countries. The conclusions arc contained in the agency s 19 _ (late) report. This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work，which contributes 20_ theirpoverty and lack of power. Where men control the household, less money 21_ ( spend) on healthcare and food， 22_ results in poorer health for children.An increase in 23 _ (employ) opportunities for women would increase 24_ household power, the report said. For example, the agency found that whoever has more household income decides 25_ or not it will be used for family needs.答案：16. which 17. cheerful / cheery 18. digging 19. lay 20. for 21. But 22. where 23. left 24. the 25. because / as / since16. though / although 17. and 18. improving 19. latest 20. to 21. is spent / will be spent 22. which 23. employment 24. their 25. whetherT能力-写作句型多样化你能用多少种方式把下面这两句话串联成一句话？The young pilot was on his first overseas training. He felt very uneasy.Keys:(1) The young pilot on his first overseas training felt very uneasy. (2) The young pilot felt very uneasy during his first overseas training. (3) The young pilots first overseas training made him feel very uneasy. (4) Extreme uneasiness seized the young pilot on his first overseas training. (5) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, feeling very uneasy. (6) It being his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy. (7) Being on his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy. (8) The young pilot was on his first overseas training and felt very uneasy. (9) The young pilot, who was on his first overseas training, felt very uneasy. (10) When the young pilot was on his/first overseas training, he felt very uneasy. (11) As the young pilot was on his first overseas training, he felt very uneasy. (12) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, which made him feel very uneasy. 竟然至少可以有12种方式！在上述12个句子中，(1)-(7)是简单句；(8)是并列句；(9)-(12)是复杂句。简单句除(2)和(7)之外，其他五样，用的人并不多。合并上述两个句子，人们最喜欢采用复杂句，尤其是(10)和(11)这两句；接着便是并列句(8)。如果大多数人的句子只限于(2),(7), (8), (10)和(11)这五种，而其他的则放弃，不是很可惜吗？思路：通过这方式，让学生知道英文句型多样化方式是非常丰富的，提升学生的兴趣、开阔眼界。 句型多样化技巧同一件事，可以用不同的句式表达。如果句子清一色是简单句，文章必定很单调乏味。最好的方法是以简单句为基础，配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短，通常要加些附属成分，如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语，以及节缩成分。 具体方法如下：（一）句子开头“去人化”不要总是以有生命的名词和人称代词开头(I，People，We等)，可采用以下方法加以丰富（1）用形式主语it开头1. Many people think birth control is quite necessary in China.It is widely accepted that birth control is quite necessary in China. 2. College students now are primarily interested in grades and economic success according to a recent report. It is recently reported that college students now are primarily interested in grades and economic success. 拓展：形式主语it开头的常见句型：It + be + 名词/ + that从句 It is common knowledge that是常识It + be + 形容词 + that从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that 很明显It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 It is believed that人们相信It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起 （2）以状语开头，具体来说可用形容词、副词、分词短语、介词短语、不定式、从句等做开头。1. Many people have ambitious plans but no ability, so they accomplish little.High in ambition but low in ability, many people accomplis