长喜英语单词2015.docx

听力部分1. 学习场景president校长dean主任faculty全体教职员工head领导chairman主席principal中学校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学女校长register注册/enroll登记student union学生会opening ceremony开学典礼orientation meeting介绍会lecture报告tutorial(学生)发言basic course基础课specialized course专业课required course必修课optional/Selective course选修课literature文学philosophy哲学history历史art艺术sociology社会学linguistics语言学psychology心理学engineering工程学architecture建筑学business商务学fianc金融学accounting会计学banking银行学biochemistry生物化学kindergarten幼儿园elementary education初等教育secondary education中等教育higher education高等教育adult education成人教育open admission免试入学day-care center/nursery school幼儿园secondary school中学coeducation男女同校制度junior school中学senior high school高中attached middle school附属中学technical school技校polytechnic institute理工大学key school重点学校graduate school研究生院open university开放性大学private school私立大学public school公立大学universal education普及教育educator/educationist教育家Graduate毕业生Undergraduate本科生Postgraduate研究生Alumnus男校友Alumna女校友Auditor旁听生Boarder寄宿生Logging住宿placement examination摸底考试open-book exam开卷考试pop test抽考;随堂考teaching facility教学设施的assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金room and board/accommodation时速auditorium语音室credit system学分制self-study自学individual study自习schedule课程表individual coaching个人指导English evening英语晚会period of schooling学习周期after-schooling activities课后活动social investigation社会调查voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal毕业评估graduation ceremony/commencement毕业典礼diploma/ graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学quit school退学school discipline学校纪律attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课miss a class缺课（请假）cut a class旷课expel sb. from school开除tuition学费miscellaneous混杂的expenses学杂费a grant-aided student领助学金的学生lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期term学期blue-book考卷report card成绩单final-examination期末考试quiz小测验oral test口试degree学位associate diploma专科证书Bachelor学士学位Master硕士学位Doctor博士学位expert专家expertise专业技能consultant顾问coaching指导coordinator班主任professor教授associate professor副教授lecture讲师tutor/adviser导师tutoress女导师(女家教)counselor辅导老师course arrangement课程安排application form申请表格institute研究性学院institute of arts and sciences文理学院presentation演讲paper/dissertation/thesis论文journal周刊finding研究成果office hour面谈时间(师生)mathematics数学physice物理学astronomy航空学middle exam期中考试make up补考drawing near考试临近delay/post pone考试延期put off取消teaching assistant助教borrow/lend借reference book参考书renew续借fine罚款refine提炼stack一堆librarian图书管理员periodical room图书阅览室referees book裁判书current issue热点话题on loan/in circulation被借走2. 电话场景mobile phone电话automobile机动车pay phone付费电话telephone box/booth电话亭yellow page电话薄extension分机dial/press operator接线员put-through接通电话dial the wrong number拨错号hold on稍等take a message留口信hung up挂断电话answering machine另答机collect call对方付费电话long-distance call长途电话overseas call越洋电话the line is busy/engaged占线/繁忙3. 交通运输场景ticket fare票价license执照rush hour高峰期traffic jam交通堵塞one-way street单行线over speed超速express way高速公路police officer交警high-speed train高铁tunnel/ channel隧道ring road环路subway/underground地铁metro地道overhead轻轨maglev磁悬浮fly over人行天桥used car二手汽车affordable可支付的give sb. a ride搭顺风车taxi=cab出租车break down抛锚flat tire爆胎cur accident车祸fix修理;固定;承诺damage损毁dead报废garage车库;汽车修理站minor injury小伤survive存活4. 机场场景plane飞机book a ticket订票confirm a ticket确认机票schedule飞机时刻表timetable时刻表destination目的地safe landing安全着陆safe driving慢点开;注意安全on board登机take off起飞departure离港safety/seat belt安全带pick up接人undergo security check接受安检see off送行keep in touch保持联系one way ticket单程票round trip ticket往返票non-stop flight直飞航班direct flight/ transfer转机boarding card登机牌first cabin头等舱business cabin商务舱economy cabin经济舱confirm the flight确认航班post pone后延delay晚了cancel取消5. 工作场景job opening工作机会job vacancy职位空缺turnover rate员工流动率potentials资历letter of application推荐信resume简历basic/personal information个人信息personal人事的educational background教育背景work experience工作经验certificates证书offer工作机会unemployed/the laid-off失业者work overtime加班ask for/ offer a raise要求加薪salary/wage工资bonus分红allowance零钱annual income年收入resign辞职terminate/fire解雇retire退休ask for a sick leave请病假vacation休假vocation职业6. 租房场景live on campus住校live off campus住校外apartment公寓dorm宿舍home-stay住别人家里lease租(大的房子)rent租(小的房子)utilities水电费suburb/outskirt市郊downtown市中心furnished带装修的unfurnished无装修的leaking漏水blackout断电land lord房东tenant佃农roommate室友neat整洁的messy脏兮兮对considerate体贴的selfish自私的self-centered以自我为中心的noisy吵闹的Active活跃的Sociable爱社交的/乐于交际的Socializing社交活动Talkative能说会道的Eloquent口若悬河的Have a lot on ones mind有很多共同之处Just the opposite令人恰恰相反Have a very bad temper脾气不好In a bad mood心情不好Get along well with sb.与某人关系特别好Compatible能相容的Hit it off与某人相处特别好Keep it to oneself憋在自己心中7. 医院场景See a doctor去看病Hospital医院Clinic门诊部Health center卫生所Physician内科医生Surgeon外科医生Surgery外科手术Dentist牙医Denture假牙Medical result诊断结果Emergency急诊Make an appointment挂号Check up/exam做检查Cold感冒/flu流感Headache头痛Sore throat嗓子疼Fever发烧Toothache牙疼Stomachache胃疼Breast cancer乳腺癌Screening筛查Prescription药方Prescribe开药方Fetch取Fill the prescription 取药Pill/tablet药片Shot/injection注射Operation手术(大)Take two of these pills three times a day一日三次，一次两片8. 宾馆场景Make a reservation预约Confirm a reservation 确定预约Cancel a reservation取消预约This room has been Booked房间被预定好的Fully booked预定满的Full up预定满了(注意读音/fudap/)Check in登记入住Check out退房Single room单人间Double room大床房Twin room双人间Suite独立的(音同sweet)Bathroom浴室Toilet/restroom洗手间Room service客房服务Tips小费Lobby酒店大堂Salon沙龙/美容院Ball舞厅Bar酒吧9. 邮局场景Post/send邮递Letter/mail信Registered mail挂号信Regular mail平信Airmail航空信Package/parcel包裹(小/大)Paper parcel大油纸包裹Telegram/cable/telegraphy电报Rate费率Postage邮资Overweight超重Data数据Date日期Data-ist大数据主义者Subject/theme主题Attachment附件/喜欢10. 购物场景Supermarket超市Chain store连锁超市M&S玛莎百货Be open from 8 am to 10 pm营业时间表达Be located in/that位于Convenient便利的Excellent service便利的/优质的服务Friendly adj.有好的Shop assistant服务员;售货员Cosmetics化妆品Domestic products国内产品Foreign products国外产品Clothes服装(音/clou/)Famous brands知名品牌High-end高端品牌Low-end低端品牌Crowded拥挤的Parking lot停车场Necessities/necessity生活必需品Daily necessities日用品Buy/purchase大量购置Affordable可支付的Purchasing power购买力Quantity数量Quality质量Deliver the goods free to your home免费送货上门服务Reasonable price合理的价格On sale大减价10% off 打九折Discount打折Promotions促销Have/with giveaways presents免费礼物Ideal place for shopping理想的购物场所Out of stock脱销Bargain讨价还价/便宜货Exchange交易Fit well适合Factory outlet厂家直销A clearance sale大清仓Cashier收银员11. 天气场景Climate气候Global warming climate全球气候变暖Weather forecast天气预报Clear up放晴Mild温和的Agreeable温和的;舒适的;适宜的Cloudy乌云密布Shower阵雨Downpour大雨Thunder打雷Lightening闪电Windy刮风Gale强风Snowstorm/blizzard暴风雪Foggy雾天Dense/heavy浓的Warm up转暖Wet/humid潮湿Usual/normal寻常Unusual/abnormal不寻常Experimental rat实验室里的小白鼠12. 饮食场景Fast food/junk food快餐食品Fried chicken空气炸锅Pizza披萨Appetizers开胃菜Chef主厨Cook厨师Cooker厨具Soup汤Duck soup轻而易举的Seasoning调味料Dessert甜品/dizert/(Desert/dezert/沙漠)Ice creaming冰激凌Pudding布丁Delicious/tasty美味的Terrific极好的Terrible糟糕的Awful不好的Awesome极好的Disgusting难以下咽的Waiter/waitress(女)服务员Busboy酒保;餐馆工Menu菜单In order按部就班Book/reserve a table for two订一个两人餐桌Fork叉子Spoon勺子Knife刀子This knife cuts well刀子很快Restaurant餐馆Cafeteria自助餐厅School dining hall学校食堂Eat out下馆子I am full/done我吃饱了Snack bar小吃店Let go Dutch各付各的Split the bill AA制Be on diet节食Obesity肥胖的Wholesome有益健康的Oversleep睡过头Todays special今日特价French fries炸薯条Bacon培根Fried egg煎蛋Scrambled egg炒鸡蛋Coffee pot咖啡壶Dish/plate餐盘Chopsticks筷子Soup spoon汤勺Brunch早午餐Medium半熟Full-done全熟Lean meat瘦肉Lean and green biz system精简环保商业体系13. 旅游场景Get sunburnt被晒伤Get scratches被抓伤Beach resort海边度假村Be on vacation abroad去国外度假Straighten out清理;整顿Lessen the discomfort减少不适Cut down expense for Air travel减少飞机旅行费用Bring convenience带来了很多便利Scenic resort旅游胜地Sleeping bag睡袋Cookout野炊Go on canoe trip漂流旅行Beyond description难以形容的Jet lag时差Historical events名胜古迹Hotel accommodation旅馆住宿Street signs街景标识Ferry渡船;码头River cruise巡游14. 娱乐场景Latest fashion最流行Mall街道Downtown area繁华商业区Pedestrian mall步行街Car-free commercial street步行街Applaudable值得称赞的Bad taste in clothes穿着品味差Strange combination奇怪的搭配Booth展位Farewell dinner告别晚宴Simple meal家常便饭Make some coffee煮咖啡Daily business日常事务Be sold out脱销Students discount学生折扣Exaggerate夸张Dress circle前排座位Tragedy悲剧Comedy戏剧Air crash空难Science fiction 科幻电影Action movie动作片Love story爱情片Detective movie侦探推理片Leading role主角Not exciting as advertised不如宣传那么精彩15. 银行场景Financial crisis金融危机The Great Depression大衰退时期Inflation通货膨胀Deflation通货紧缩Turnover rate人员流动率Open an account开户Joint account联名账户Policy存单Balance余额Deposit存款Pension救济金;养老金;退休金Live on pension 依靠活着statement of account对账单Figure out计算出interest利息Credit信用Credibility可信度Promotion促销Deposit account定期存款账Current现金Currency货币Foreign currency外汇Monetary policy货币政策Checkbook支票簿Mortgage抵押Student loan助学贷款Overdraft透支Draft汇票;起草Cashier register收银机Clerk店员Teller银行职员Accountant会计写作翻译部分1. 文化类Cultural diversity文化多元性Cultural treasures文化宝藏Cross-cultural communication跨文化交流Cultural reconstruction文化重建Spiritual Civilization精神文明Heritage遗产Achievements of art艺术成就Urbanization城市化Tear down拆除Preserve the cultural relics保存文化遗产Skyscraper Index摩天大楼指数City construction城市建设Citi bike城市自行车Visual enjoyment视觉享受/盛宴Driving force驱动力Reconstruct重建Destruct破坏Architectural industry建筑工业Map out制定出City designing城市设计Top design顶层设计Beautify our life美化我们的生活Human civilization人类文明Cradle of culture文化摇篮Mainstream culture主流文化Cultural traditions文化传统Sense of national pride民族自豪感Local customs and practices风土人情Attract peoples eyes吸引人们的眼球Artistic taste艺术品位Cornerstone基石Be closely interrelated with与有密切关系adhere to the tradition坚持传统Architectural vandalism破坏建筑行为Carry forward弘扬appeal诉求Reputation声望Maintain the world peace维护世界和平artistic reflection艺术反映Give publicity to宣传Squeeze generation夹心层（上有老下有小）Family burden负担Cause irreversible damage造成不可逆转的损失National identity and value民族特性和价值观Remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏见和误解symbolize象征artistic standards艺术水准Enjoy great popularity广受欢迎Cultural devolution文化退化Cultural insights文化视角Learn about the world了解世界A thrilling experience一种令人激动的经历Concrete具体的Move somebody to tears令人感动落泪Get relaxed and entertained得到放松和娱乐Has its value有自身的价值Inspiration灵感Scope of knowledge知识面Spread knowledge传播知识Lasting artistic works永恒的艺术作品Abstruse深奥的Break with old customs抛弃传统Carry down from generation to generation代代相传Advocate the new lifestyle倡导新的生活方式Entertainment娱乐Direct experience直接经验Echo共识Satiate peoples psychological demands满足心理需求Attach more importance to更重视Spiritual enhancement精神升华A mirror of是的一面镜子Determinant决定性因素Eclipse使相形见绌Contribute to有助于Production mode生产方式A sense of cool and satisfaction一种惬意的感觉Nurture imagination培养想象力Meditation沉思An essence of immortality永恒的精髓Instructive有启发性的Edification熏陶Arouse ones curiosity about something引发某人对某事的好奇心Enrich ones knowledge丰富某人知识Value of knowledge知识的价值Cultural differences and diversity文化的差异性与多元性Time is fleeting and art is long时光飞逝，艺术永恒2. 生态环境类Environmental pollution环境污染Sand storms沙尘暴Overfish过度捕捞Overgraze过度放牧Soil erosion土壤侵蚀Water and soil conservation水土保持Desertification沙漠化Fight against the danger of the desertification抵制沙漠化Disruption of ecological balance生态失衡Ecological balance of the planet地球生态平衡Shortage of water resources水资源短缺Harmful chemicals有害化合物Poisonous gas有毒气体Industrial waste工业废料Waste gas sent off from automobiles汽车排放的废气Car emission standard汽车排放标准Throw-away lunchbox一次性饭盒Recyclable product可循环产品Renewable resources可更新资源Conserve natural resources保护自然资源Plastic bags塑料袋Greenhouse effects温室效应global warming全球变暖Acid rain酸雨energy crisis能源危机Raise ones environmental awareness树立环保意识Ecosystem system生态系统Garbage disposal垃圾处理Artificial precipitation人工降雨Arbor day植树节Shortage of fresh water淡水短缺Reforestation of the land重新植树造林Suffer a great destruction遭受严重破坏Vigorously热情高涨的soil erosion土壤侵蚀stump树桩chop down砍伐The destruction of the environment环境的破坏Wake-up call警钟The plundering of the Earths natural resources掠夺地球的自然资源3. 网络类Cyber bars/web网络On-line love affair网恋Web addiction沉溺于上网Computer virus电脑病毒Pirated products盗版产品Mouse鼠标Monitor显示器Keyboard键盘Surf on-line上网Website网站Web page网页On-line shopping网上购物Log上网日志Take a digital sabbath过一天数码安息日4. 经济类Economic system经济体系Lean business system精简的商务体系Planned economy计划经济Marked economy市场经济Market-oriented economy市场导向型经济Market cycle市场周期market requirement市场需求State-owned business国有经济industrialization工业化urbanization城市化domestic market国内市场Red-hot economy白热化经济economic prosperity经济繁荣Globalization全球化Global inflation全球通货膨胀Multinational corporation跨国公司Stock price股票价格Venture investment风险投资Joint venture合资企业Broker经纪人Stakeholder股东Economic puppet经济傀儡Credit card信用卡Healthy and stable monetary policy健康而稳健货币政策Competitive price竞争价格Retail price零售价格Commodity price物价Steer the economy to a soft landing经济软着陆Devalue贬值Interest rate利率Capital资金;资本Violate intellectual property侵犯知识产权Infrastructure基础设施AIIB亚洲基础设施投资银行exchequer国库Patent office专利局5. 自我发展类注意：阅读易考种族歧视、性别歧视等问题Self-confidence自信People in many walks of life各行各业的人Urge sb. to do sth.劝导某人做某事Start with a campaign发起一场运动Know about了解Cross-cultural contact/communication跨文化交流Open-door polity改革开放Mutual cultural exchange相互文化交流Social tolerance社会容忍度Self-esteem/ Self-dignity自尊The direct correlation between self-esteem and success also applies to ones ability to achieve在一个人的自尊和成功之间彼此的联系对一个人的成功非常重要Consciousness社会觉悟Honesty; integrity诚实Sincerity诚恳sense of responsibility责任感Cooperation合作Enthusiasm热诚Conscientiousness自觉性;良心Ethical and moral standards伦理与道德标准Reliability/dependability可靠性Concern for others关怀他人patience耐心Perseverance恒心Persistence恒心;毅力Seriousness of purpose求学认真Initiative n.主动性Determinant决定性因素6. 科技类Advanced science尖端科技Scientific invention科学发明Exert a far-reaching impact on对产生一种深远的影响Double-edged sword双刃剑Earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的改变Pave the way for the future development为未来的发展铺平道路Energy crisis能源危机Depletion of resources能源消耗Milestone里程碑Sophisticated equipment尖端设备Technical innovation科技创新Expediency权宜之计Antithetical与背道而驰Over-commercialized过度商业化的A heated/spiritual discussion热烈的讨论Exhaust gas废气Disastrous灾难性的Overshadow使相形见绌Compared to/with与相比Usher in引领Speedy and comfortable既快捷又舒适Opposite forces/side effects负面影响A fatal breakdown致命故障Potential hazards潜在危险Pose a threat to对有一种威胁Promote relative industries促进相关产业发展Accelerate加速Means of transportation交通方式Social status社会地位Environmentally-friendly resources环保的能源Make peoples life easier使人的生活更方便Alternative fuel可替代燃料Sustainable development可持续性发展Scientific exploration科学探索Air travel航空旅行Ridiculous可笑的Absurd荒唐的Substitute取代Overcome difficulties克服困难Make progress取得进步Nurture a sense of national pride培养民族自豪感Unprecedented前所未有的Soaring不断上升的Give a great push to the economic growth极大地推动了经济发展See dramatic breakthroughs取得突破性进展Aggravate使恶化Optimize优化Cure-all solution万能良药All-mighty万能的7. 工作类Ambitious雄心壮志的;野心勃勃的Adaptability适应性Adapt oneself to使自己适应Prosperity繁荣Be disadvantageous to adj.对不利Flow of personnel人才流动Mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制Mobility流动性Survival of the fittest适者生存A sense of accomplishment成就感Potentiality/ potentials潜能Learn to cooperate and comprise学习合作和妥协Be deeply impressed with对印象很深Company philosophy企业文化Flexibility灵活性Competitive竞争激烈的Arena舞台Team-work spirit团队合作精神Treasure opportunity珍惜机会A fat salary收入颇丰A harmonious interpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系A sense of responsibility责任感Material gains物质待遇Promising future光明的前途Bright prospect光明的前景A challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作Turning point转折点Be closely related to与息息相关Get advanced in the society出人头地A decent job/pay一份体面的工作Decent man正直的人Chance of promotion升迁机会Job openings工作机会Stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感Keep skills fresh and up-to-date使技能可以不断更新Expand ones horizon开阔视野Rebalance work and life再平衡工作和生活From-nine-to-five朝九晚五一族Shoulder/undertake ones responsibility承担起自己的责任Upgrade oneself提升自我A well-paid job高收入工作Creative work创造性工作Stand up to/meet the challenge迎接挑战Realize the value of personal发现个人价值Enrich ones social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历Cultivate ones independence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性Seek for/pursue personal development追求个人发展Display ones talent展示才能A sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感Promotion opportunity提升机会Meet ones personalized needs满足某人个性化需求Define ones role确定自己的角色Social recognition社会认可Accumulate experience获取经验Inspiring鼓舞人心Motivation动机Workaholic工作狂Working environment工作环境Work overtime加班Improve ones capabilities提高某人能力Develop ones talents培养才智Ideal workplace理想工作场所Master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往的技能8. 交通类Automobile industry汽车工业Boost the economic development促进经济发展Levy the tax征税Modernization现代化Be viewed/treated/regarded as被视为是Be concerned about对担忧;关注Concerning sth.有关于Pollution-free fuel无污染燃料Zero-waste/zero-emission