同义词和写作常见词汇.doc

第一类：巨大: big-colossal/ enormous(size, number, degree)/ immense(size, degree)/ gargantuan/ grandiose/ massive/ monolithic/ prodigious(bulk, quantity, degree)/ titanic/ tremendous(large)小的: small-diminutive/ miniature/ miniscule快的(副词):fastlyby leaps and bounds(with extraordinary rapidity)加强: strengthen-bolster/ buttress/ consolidate/ reinforce/ intensify/ fortify (可以用在argument)强的: strong-brawny(人)/ muscular/ sinewy/ impregnable(不可征服)/ invincible(不可征服)/ potent/ robust(人，大范围情况下无失败的能力)/ virile/ stalwart(人，精神，思想)/ stout/ sturdy强人: baron(巨头) magnate/ mogul显赫之人削弱: weaken-diminish / debilitate/ enervate也可用于精神道德上削弱/ sap/ undermine/perish/wane弱的: weakfeeble/ decrepit/ frail/ flaccid/ impotent/ puny/ tenuous重要的: important consequential/ momentous/ eminent/ prominent/ pivotal极其重要/ substantial/ significant/ crucial/ essential/ fundamental 重要: importancecore/ hub/ essence-本质精髓/ gist-main point/magnitude（类似的）居首位的: leadingforemost/ paramount-至高无上/ overriding /predominant主导地位的，显著的/ prevailing/ preeminent prevalent/ supreme不重要的: unimportantmarginal/ peripheral/ negligible-微不足道/ trifling/trivial-也作琐碎的超过: surpasseclipse-to reduce in importance or repute /exceed/override/overwhelm-强势压倒也可用于精神上overwhelming-adj./prevail/transcend/ be superior to/ outwit / outweigh / be inferior to（劣于）= be subordinate to 强权: ascendancy/hegemony-也做霸权/supremacy二初始: beginningdebut/premiere/ prime也做adj.首要的最好的/ genesis-noun. 起源/ inception/ onset/ threshold/ lead off/ lead out (比to begin with好得多拉 )(或者说什么的到来：advent of something)初始的: beginning- primitive/budding/ fledgling/ embryonic-萌芽期的/（古老的意义解时archaic or antiquated or obsolescent or obsolete）开始: begin/startcommence-vi&vt/ initiate-vi/ embark/ inaugurate开始：begin/start=undertake / embark upon着手开始做增长: growmultiply成倍增长/mushroom-vi/proliferate/ sprout/accelerate/ burgeon(慢慢增长)使其增长: increase-amplify/ magnify/ add-augment/ supplement增补加重，升级 aggravate (恶化)vt / escalate-vt&vi/ exacerbate-vt加重恶化/ deteriorate/ impair-vt.损害削弱 减少，减弱: decreaseabate/attenuate/ detract/ diminish/ slacken/curb/ curtail/ (number)pare/ prune删除多余的东西/ slash/ trim/ whittle削减利润收入等金钱方面、权利、差别、数目/ 减轻decrease-allay/ assuage-减轻使痛苦的东西如愤怒、内疚等/ mollify/ soothe/mitigate/变弱decreasedwindle/ ebb/ subside/ wane/ weaken/ impair上升: ascendlift / surge/ rocket/ boast/ soar/ boom达到顶峰 culminate 也表示以告终 culminate in；顶点: peakacme/apex/ pinnacle/ climax/ apogee n.远地点/ zenith(nadir最低点 or abyss深渊) (zenith&nadir特别适合用在比喻 强调两者的区别大两个词的来源大家可以查查两个对比强烈哦 ) It felt as if we had traveled from nadir to zenith.下降: descend/ plummet垂直急速下降/plunge/ slump/ tumble (fluctuate波动)三gather聚拢：accumulate/ amass/ assemble/ congregate/ garner/ glean/ muster/ rally(为反对或支持而召集)group群组：battalion/ bevy/ cluster/ drove/ flock/ swarm/ throngcombination集合：assortment/ medley/ mosaic（马赛克）/ motley(五花八门：形容词也可以)a lot of/ a great many of= manifold 许多 abundant/ ample(充足) / copious(大量的)/ fraught with/ replete with/ numerous/ innumerable(不计其数)/ myriad 很多/ a multitude of/ multitudes of/ a myriad of 无数的人们/ limitless无限的/ a deluge of/ beaucoup adj.非常多的(很多同学都喜欢用a lot ofa great number of这里注意:numerous这里表达的不是无数很多那样之表示一般的多这一点从G猫老外改得一篇文章可以看到)large quantity: 大量：avalanche/a spate of(比喻意大量的某物) / exodus大量流出/ 大量流入influx/ multitude大量 / plethora 比喻意：大量/ profusion 丰富，繁多拥有大量：boast/ abound / a deluge of(被大量的某物所淹没)/ teem-vi: teem in到处散开：spread- dispel(驱散)/ disperse-vi&vt/ disseminate稀少的：scarce/ meager/ scant/ scanty/ skimpy/ sparse/ dearth节俭的：frugal/ thrifty/ miserly吝啬的/ 富裕的：rich- affluent，affluent society 富足社会/ lavish/ luxurious/ opulent/ sumptuous奢侈的豪华的/ palatial浪费的：improvident无远见的/ prodigal son（浪荡子）=improvident/ profligate贫困的：poor= destitute/ impoverished/ impecunious/ indigent (形容人)四困难的：difficult= arduous/ strenuous/ daunting/ formidable/ exacting/ insuperable/ impassable- gulf无法逾越的鸿沟/ onerous繁重的（issue中大量存在困难的表达）困境：(陷入困难的处境就是困难)difficult situations= deadlock/ impasse/ stalemate/ dilemma/ predicament/ quandary/ mire泥沼/ morass/ swamp/ quagmire/ standstill停止，僵局/ labyrinth迷宫-a of relationship 错综复杂的关系(很好的比喻的说法可以说什么问题把我们陷入了一个迷宫僵局等)陷入：reduce/ get bogged down/ plunge into复杂的：complicated/ intricate/ complex/(这里介绍一个很好的押韵的方法：complex and perplexed/ complicate and intricate or sophisticated用在表达困难的地方可以显示出词汇的完善更能有一种押运修辞的效果读起来琅琅上口)复杂的事情：imbroglio/ mesh/ tangle/ labyrinth迷宫= maze卷入复杂的境地：involve= embroil/ ensnare诱入陷阱/ entangle 从复杂境地脱身：escape= extricate 难以理解：abstruse/ recondite/ intricate/ arcane只有少数人可以理解=esoteric/ cryptic 简短却令人迷惑/ enigmatic 谜一般的 enigma 形容词形式/ inexplicable无法解释/ inscrutable无法捉摸=unfathomable/ mysterious/ supernatural/ mystical/ extraterrestrial (这里的词很多都表示 难以理解 很多题目学习类教育类社会类历史类艺术类只要表示某某问题把我们难倒了都可以用)迷mystery-puzzle= enigma/ conundrum/ riddle/迷宫labyrinth/ maze令人迷惑：puzzle = baffle/ befuddle/ bewilder/ confound/ mystify/ perplex 令人沮丧：depressed= with depression/ frustrating/ daunting令人畏惧的/ dismal/ 使可以理解：clarify= elucidate/ enlighten启迪教化/ explicate阐明/ expound on/upon /illuminate照亮说清楚可以理解的：intelligible = explicit/ lucid阻碍：hindrance-noun.= fetter/ shackle/ trammel枷锁桎梏/ onus负担重任阻碍：动词hamper = encumber造成负担/ foil/ stymie/ thwart阻碍或者挫败工作完成/ handicap/ hinder/ impede/ retard压制：smother/ stifle 令人窒息，压制约束 suppress/ pin down协助促进：aid = facilitate/ foster/ nurture/ buttress/五著名的：famous = celebrated/ renowned/ reputed/ distinguished/ illustrious/ prestigious/ outstanding/ distinctive/ eminent/ notable/ noticeable/ striking/ remarkable/ preeminentbe famous for = take pride inelite= meritocrat (meritocracy n.知识界精华)(用上的话超级有文采嘻嘻)有特色：feature = savor/ 因为什么而闻名可用famous一系列臭名昭著：disreputable = infamous/ notorious/ nefarious因为极坏而臭名昭著好的名声：reputation = esteem/ prestige坏的名声：disgrace/ disrepute/ ignominy/ infamy/ odium/ opprobrium/ stigma 不好的声誉，耻辱。尊重 noun.：respect = reverence/ veneration/ homage 高尚的：noble = rarefied/ sublime/ lofty 不尊重 名次：disrespect = scorn蔑视招人轻视的：contemptible = despicable尊重：动词idolize/ worship/ lionize 对待名人一样的崇拜/ revere敬爱，敬畏不尊重：动词 disrespect/ deride/ scoff嘲笑/ despise/ disdain/ slight/ snub赞扬：名次praise= accolade赞美，奖项/ approbation/ encomium/ eulogy/ panegyric/ plaudit/ tribute/ tribute用来表示赞美的行为或者发言赞美：动词praise = acclaim/ applaud/ hail欢呼/ commend/ extol/ laud高度的，常常带有美化成分的赞美应该受到谴责的：形容词reprehensible谴责：condemn= censure/ denounce/ reprimand/ decry/ deprecate/ deplore叹惋/ lament 叹惋 / remonstrate争辩，申辩责备：admonish/ reproach/ reprove温和的责备严厉责备：动词 berate/ castigate/ chastise/ chide/ excoriate/ inveigh/ rail/ revile/ upbraid令人讨厌的事物：名次 anathema谩骂的：abusive/ vituperative 六有害的事物：harmful things= contagion传染病瘟疫 epidemic/ pandemic也有流行的意思/pestilence/ plague疾病：malady 瘴气：miasma比喻意为有害的气氛或者影响 灾患：scourge不再害怕看到世界中心深处的毒气：unafraid to look deep into the miasma at the heart of the world.有害的：harmful = deleterious/ detrimental/ noxious/ toxic/ virulent/ monstrous/ murderous 邪恶的：evil/ devil= cruel/ crude/ brutal/ wicked/ vicious/ malicious/ atrocious/ virulent/ venomous / sinister/ hafarious/ vicious/ pernicious/ destructive/ detrimental 致命的：fatal/ lethal前两个并非贬义/ pernicious极其有害的有益的：形容词：hygienic/ sanitary 广义的卫生的/ salutary/wholesome有益身心的有害的事物: bane致命的毒药 / blight植物的枯萎病/ 损害：harm = blemish/ deface/ disfigure/ eviscerate/ impair减损/main mutilate毁伤肢体/ mar/spoil破坏 demolish拆毁，推翻（观点）有益的事物：antidote 解毒药/ remedy药物：纠错/ panacea 万能良药 elixir 炼金药，万能药(有贬义含义)/ boon赐福blessing / tonic 补药改善：improve = ameliorate/ amend/ 对法律的修改/ rectify/ redress/ 毁坏，毁灭：destroy/ annihilate彻底消灭/ exterminate终结/ eliminate/ eradicate根除/ decimate/ demolish/ dismantle/ raze 彻底摧毁夷为平地/ devastate/ ravage/ wreck遭受重创，严重破坏/ obliterate擦去/ pulverize 磨成粉末状/ subvert 颠覆可怕的：awful = horrible/ terrible/ tragic/ wretched / dire复苏，复兴 动词：revive= rejuvenate/ resurrect/ resuscitate/ revive动荡的，混乱的 形容词：tumultuous/ turbulent/ 混乱：名词：chaos/ confusion/ disorder / mayhem/ disarray/ havoc大面积的破坏-混乱 pandemonium 撒旦居住的地方，比喻嘈杂，混乱的地方/ shambles废墟/ turmoil 混乱，动荡/ upheaval突发的巨变灾难：calamity/ cataclysm/ catastrophe 危险 名词：danger/ hazard/ peril危险的：hazardous/ perilous/ precarious/ treacherous 危及：动词 endanger/ compromise/ imperil/ jeopardize保护：protect = safeguard表示进步,提高的动词: improve ameliorate better develop remedy revise enhance enrich upgrade refine 重要,关键: important significant consequential momentous considerable essential valuable distinctive great weighty major serious grave vital capital substantial material; 稍微扯得远一点的还有conspicuous striking prominent 杰出的eminent卓越的显著的； noticeable 正确的,无误的: correct rectify-纠正改正 accurate precise proper undistorted-未被曲解的 right impeccable-无可挑剔的，无瑕疵的 增长和减少(这个超级常用!) 增长：extend magnify amplify aggrandize intensify enhance prolong-时间范围方面的延长减少：reduce curtail lessen-大小数量范围程度 dwindle-逐步减小increase rise extend magnify decrease reduce fall amplify aggrandize elongate intensify enhance prolong strengthen curtail shrink terminate lessen abate raise boost intense(intensify) expand augment enlarge diminish dwindle（swindle是诈骗的意思） slump 和证明相关的: justify warrant assert claim contend-声称主张 argue validate-验证 substantiate verify accuse assign indict allege-断言 affirm 论题: statement claim declaration assertion opinion belief view conviction persuasion 要求 request demand needs requisition 撤销 to cancel; to revoke; to countermand; Law to rescind; to quash 建立 to build up; to establish; to set up; to found; to take root; to strike root 消除 to eliminate; to clear; to remove; to clear up; to take away; to smooth away 推理 1.Logic inference; reasoning; deduction; ratiocination 2.to reason 3.to put two and two together 相应 1.corresponding; relevant; relative; fitting; appropriate 2.accordingly; correspondingly; by the same token; in a corresponding way 3.to correspond to; to act in responses; to work in concert with; to support each other 导致 1.to lead to; bring about (or on); to result in; to cause; spark off; conduce to; to procure; to induce; to generate 后果 a consequence; an aftermath; an outcome 检查 to inspect; to check; to examine; to look over; to put to the test; to keep a check on 发（奖品）prize reward award grant assign confer(on) honor fame credit contribution acknowledgement recognition 表示程度的副词 very strikingly-引人注目地，突出地，惊人地 greatly highly insatiably=贪得无厌地，不知足地 exceedingly-非常极其 dreadfully-可怕地，糟糕地，非常 remarkably-非凡地显著地 drastically-激烈地彻底地 dramatically 足够 sufficient adequate enough 剩下几个也是常用的 present justify practicable hence consequently examination accountable responsible twist and turn 迂回曲折might and main 尽全力 do sth. with part and parcel 重要部分safe and sound 安然无恙spick and span 崭新的，极干净的time and tide 岁月，时光go to rack and ruin 陷于毁灭slow and sure 慢而稳，稳妥hale and hearty 老当益壮chop and change 变幻莫测（尤指观点,计划等）fair and foul 在任何情况下 through weal and woe 福祸sum and subs tance 主要情况，要点（尤指讲话的主要部分） forgive and forget 不念旧恶wax and wane （月的）盈亏圆缺；盛衰1 inferno 地狱，可与幸福生活形成强烈对比 the inferno of war2 inky 用于个人在生活上或科研道路上的迷茫 the inky darkness of ones pursuit of own destiny 3 promulgate 公布，颁布法令，新法律 promulgate a belief, and idea, a theory, etc the promulgation of a treaty 4 latency 如作者主张尚未表现出的危险或其主张的长远作用 latent-latent ability , a latent infection after a careful examination, it is no need to go too far to sense that the authors claim underlies a latency of peril to both personal and even societal degree./ lurks a latency of profound implication.5 Connotation 内涵，言外之意 Hollywood always holds connotation of romance and glittering success. 贬义词 derogatory connotation6 Motivate / ignite 用于深究心理方面深层的原因，或者内因 be motivated by greed, fear, love a teacher who can motive her pupils 7 Nectar 在描写艺术方面的享受时有用，甘露，8 Emulate 仿效，主要用于名人的作用 emulative 好胜的9 责任 obligation , responsibility, liability 10 重要 paramount the reduction of unemployment should be paramount in the governments economic policy11 Ponder 1 深思 pondering on the meaning of life12 Delve in/ into 探索，钻研，起源 a writer delving in medieval French literature delve into the origins of the custom13 Blood 根源 of the same blood 14 演绎推理 deduce 追溯源头15 Augment 增加提高 continuing rains augment the flood waters. 16 混乱 turmoil uproar pandemonium chaos the country was in a turmoil during the strike. There was uproar over the tax increases. Left in a state of chaos 17 Rote learning 死记硬背的方法18 Reminisce 缅怀美好的往事 reminiscence 怀旧 reminiscence of my youth19 Halcyon 太平盛世 halcyon times the halcyon days of youth 20 Quietude 平静寂静 equability 平和宁静21 Equanimity 镇静 she maintained her equanimity throughout her long ordeal. 22 Impassivity 泰然自若23 Equilibrium 平衡均势 disturb the equilibrium of the chains of natural environment.24 Balance -try to achieve a better balance between work and play. This newspaper maintains a good balance in its presentation of different opinions.25 Placidity 平静 the placidity of his temperament26 Deformity 畸形，用于形容教育中重视一方面忽视另一方面27 Lapse 小错失足 a lapse from grace 失宠 lapse into 陷入 lapse back into bad habits lapse into a coma 时间流逝 after a lapse of several decades 28 Peccadillo 小过失 guilty of some mild peccadillo 29 Falsity 谬误错误30 Menace 威胁，危害 nuclear weapons are a menace to world peace 31 Jeopardize 破坏危害 jeopardous 32 Imperil 危害 the security of the country had been imperiled 33 Transient 转瞬即失的 transient success transience transient years is not enough to make the conclusion