贵州省遵义市2014高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练（11）

1 遵义市遵义市 20142014 高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练 高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练 1111 及答案或解析及答案或解析 GUATEMALA CITY Reuters A fish that lives in mangrove swamps 红树沼泽 across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time similar to how animals adapted 适应 to land millions of years ago a new study shows The Mangrove Rivulus a type of small killifish lives in small pools of water in a certain type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of Belize the United States and Brazil When their living place dries up they live on the land in logs 圆木 said Scott Taylor a researcher at the Brevard Endangered Lands Program in Florida The fish whose scientific name is Rivulus marmoratus can grow as large as three inches They group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatemala by telephone He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year In lab tests Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time while lungfish found in Austra lia Africa and South America can live ont of water but only in an inactive state But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active according to Patricia Wright a biologist at Canada s University of Guelph Further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time These animals live in conditions similar to those that existed millions of years ago when animals began making the transition 过渡 from water onto land Wright said 语篇解读 最新发现 有一种鱼 即使离开水也能存活 1 The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that A likes eating nuts B prefers living in dry places C is the longest living fish on earth 2 D cau stay alive for two months out of water 解析 事实细节题 依据在第六段 Taylor 说这种鱼离水后能活 66 天 也就是两个 多月 答案 D 2 Who will write up a report on mangrove Rivulus A Patricia Wright B Researchers in Guatemala C Scientists from Belize D Scott Taylor 解析 推理判断题 第五段最后一句话告诉我们 明年 Scott Taylor 将要把对于这 种鱼的研究在一份美国杂志上公布于众 答案 D 3 According to the text lungfish can A breathe through its skin B move freely on dry land C remain alive out of water D be as active on land as in water 解析 事实细节题 第七段第二句话告诉我们 lungfish 离开水也可以存活 答案 C 4 What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus A It was made quite by accident B It was based on a lab test of sea life C It was supported by an American magazine D It was helped by Patricia Wright 解析 推理判断题 第五段 Taylor 的话告诉我们 发现这种鱼是偶然的 答案 A 结束结束 阅读理解 共 20 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 40 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出最佳选项 A A Most students hate their endless homework The students from Class 2 Senior 3 2 of the High School Affiliated to Peking University certainly did so before they published their own collection of English novels at home Their small book contains stories about a holy 神圣的 war the happy life of a self taught artist and the story of a laid off worker who devoted his last breath to playing his beloved accordion 手风琴 The book becomes an instant hit on campus About 3 000 copies have been sold and the class is already working on the second volume We re up to our ears in homework Exercises and exams make us out of breath But to do something creative and full of imagination is such a great achievement said Yu Xiaoxiao 16 I took the writing as an ordinary homework at the beginning but after I finished the first part of my story I could not help but let it flow said Wang An who wrote Accordion Inspired by Lord of the Rings Jiang Lu wrote his story about magic wins between angels from the light and the dark side The main message of the story was to look at the balance of the world Both dark and light angels fight with love as their weapons I want to tell people that selfish love might bring hate Jiang said I was shocked by their work and felt so proud to be the editor of my students book said Nathaniel Timmermann the oral English teacher at the school Liu Xiuqin an English teacher started the project by asking students to write whatever was in their mind every week They have performed beyond expectation Liu said They wrote interesting stories and their English has improved after they started to express their real minds We never imagined that our homework would be so popular and profitable 盈 利的 We sell the novels at five yuan but many teachers pay more to encourage us said Yuan Mengyao 56 After Wang An finished the first part of his story he A couldn t go on B had to put aside C just wanted to express it freely D lost it 57 What was NOT the outcome of the students homework of writing whatever was 4 in their mind A Being popular B Being profitable C Improving their English D Winning prize 58 What is the reason for the students liking to write interesting stories A It is creative and imaginative B It is profitable C Interesting stories are sure to be popular D Interesting stories can be well sold 59 What is the best title of this passage A Creative homework leads to a popular book B Writing interesting stories C Students new book D A popular book 56 C 解析 考查细节理解 第四段中 王安说他一开始把写故事当成作业 可当他完成 了第一部分之后 他就禁不住要自然而然地表达了 因此选 C 57 D 解析 考查细节理解 读完本文我们知道学生们写的英文故事集在校园里很受欢迎 很畅销 学生们的英语水平有了提高 没有提到获奖 因此选 D 58 A 解析 第三段于潇潇的话就是学生们写英文故事的原因 做有创造性和充满想象的 事是一项了不起的成就 59 A 解析 本文主要讲一位英语老师要求学生们把他们认为最有趣的事写下来 结果学生 把它写成了畅销书 结束结束 A A There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine 内燃机 has something to do with burning fuel expanding gases and pistons 活塞 being driven For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do Further students might be helped by a 5 course that considers the computer s impact on society But that is not what is meant by computer literacy For computer literacy is not a form of literacy 读 写能力 it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career While programming can be lots of fun and while our society needs some people who are experts at it the same is true of auto repair and violin making Learning how to use a computer is not that difficu1t and it gets easier all the time as programs become more user friendly Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean It sounds like learning to drive a car that is it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that once acquired enable one to use a computer In fact learning to use a computer is much more like learning to play a game but learning the rules of one game may not he1p you play a second game whose rules may not be the same There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished 41 To be the competent citizens of tomorrow people should A try to lay a solid foundation in computer science B be aware of how the things that they use do what they do C learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills D understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car 42 In the second paragraph violin making is mentioned to show that A programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin 6 B our society needs experts in different fields C violin making requires as much skill as computer programming D people who can use a computer don t necessarily have to know computer programming 43 Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because A programs are becoming 1ess complicated B programs are designed to be convenient to users C programming is becoming easier and easier D programs are becoming readily available to computer users 44 According to the author the phrase learning to use a computer in Para 3 means learning A a set of rules B the fundamentals of computer science C specific programs D general principles of programming 45 The author s purpose in writing this passage is A to stress the impact of the computer on society B to explain the concept of computer literacy C to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow D to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job 参考答案 41 45 C D B CB 结束 Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full time job The two people willingly act as part time workers enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full time worker If they each work half the job for example they each receive 50 per cent of the job s wages its holidays and its other benefits 7 Job sharing differs from conventional part time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people Job sharing by contrast is not designed to address unemployment problems its focus rather is to provide well paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities As would be expected most job sharers are women A survey carried out in 1988 by Britain s Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 per cent of sharers were female the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age Subsequent studies have come up with similar results Many of these women were re entering the job market after having had children but they chose not to seek part time work because it would have meant lower status Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full time work after a long absence The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one position jobs However to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed each person needs to know the strengths weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position Moreover there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones In sum for a position to be job shared well the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals 5 In what way is work sharing different from job sharing A Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs B Work sharing requires more working hours C Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary D Work sharing depends on the employer s decision 6 According to Paragraph 4 young mothers preferred job sharing to 8 conventional part time work mainly because A they were over ideal working ages B they sought higher social status C they had difficulty finding full time jobs D they had to take care of both work and family 7 In job sharing the partners should A enjoy equal social status B have similar work experience C know each other very well D keep in touch with each other 8 The main purpose of the passage is to A discuss how to provide more jobs B describe job sharing in general C recommend job sharing to women D compare job sharing with work sharing 参考答案 5 8 ABCB 结束 A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading It is remarkable first for what it contains the range of news from local crime to international politics from sports to business to fashion to science and the range of comment and special features 特写 as well from editorial page to 9 feature articles and interviews to criticism of books art theatre and music A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it never completely never straight through but always by jumping from here to there in and out glancing at one piece reading another article all the way through reading just a few paragraphs of the next A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers but far more than any one reader is interested in What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality 时事性 its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient 短暂的 value For all these reasons no two people really read the same paper what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day s paper his own selection and sequence his own newspaper For all these reasons reading newspapers efficiently which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time demands skill and self awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading 51 A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its A wide coverage B uniform style C speed in reporting news D popularity 52 According to the passage the reason why no two people really read the same newspaper is that A people scan for the news they are interested in B different people prefer different newspapers C people are rarely interested in the same kind of news D people have different views about what a good newspaper is 53 It can be concluded from the passage that newspaper readers A apply reading techniques skillfully B jump from one newspaper to another C appreciate the variety of a newspaper D usually read a newspaper selectively 10 54 A good newspaper offers a variety to readers because A it tries to serve different readers B it has to cover things that happen in a certain locality C readers are difficult to please D readers like to read different newspaper 55 The best title for this passage would be A The importance of Newspaper Topicality B The Characteristics of a Good Newspaper C The Variety of a Good Newspaper D Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper 参考答案 51 55 B A D A B 结束 1 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago but it has brought new problems One of the biggest problems is pollution To pollute means to make things dirty Pollution comes in many ways We see it smell it drink it and even hear it Man has been polluting the earth The more people the more pollution Many years ago the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place man moved to another place But this is no longer true Man is now slowly polluting the whole world Air pollution is still the most serious It s bad for all living things in the world but it is not the only one kind of pollution Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water Noise pollution makes us angry more easily Many countries are making rules to fight pollution They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city and from putting dirty smoke 11 into the air Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution It is caused by heavy traffic We are sure that if there are fewer people driving there will be less air pollution The earth is our home We