高中英语 句子 语法精粹（含习题）新概念英语 大纲人教版第二册

1 新概念英语第二册新概念英语第二册 语法精粹语法精粹 十三 The Sentences 知识要点 句子按使用的目的可分为四类 1 陈述句2 疑问句3 祈使句4 感叹句 从结构上看句子可分为三种类型 1 简单句2 并列句3 复合句 一 句子的种类 Kinds of Sentences 1 陈述句 1 肯定句 We love our motherland 我们热爱祖国 2 否定句 They don t go to work on Sundays 他们星期日不上班 说明 叙述或否定一个事实或看法 2 疑问句 1 一般疑问句 Are you a worker 你是个工人吗 Yes I am 是的 我是工人 Haven t you seen the film No I haven t 你没看过这部电影吗 没看过 说明 以一个助动词 情态动词或动词 be 开始的问句 回答要用 yes 或 no 2 特 殊疑问句 Who is the man 这人是谁 When do you watch TV 你什么时间看电视 What are they doing now 他们现在正在干什么 说明 以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序 或称为疑问词加一般 疑问句 3 选择疑问句 Do you want tea or coffee Either will do 你要茶水还是要咖啡 哪种都行 Does he learn Japanese or French He learns French 他学日语还是学法语 他学法 语 说明 提出两个或两个以上的情况 选择一个作为答案 4 反意疑问句 They are going to the airport aren t they 他们要去机场 是吗 You haven t finished your homework have you 你没做完作业 是吗 说明 提出情况或看法问对方是否同意 在陈述句后附加一个简短的疑问句 即前面句子 肯定 后为否定 前面句子否定 后为肯定 He seldom went to bed at ten did he 他很少在十点钟上床睡觉 是吗 He knows little Russian does he 他几乎不懂俄语 是吗 说明 当陈述句部分含有 never no hardly seldom little 等否定意义的副词时 附 加问句用肯定形式 5 祈使句 a 陈述句 Be sure to get there at eight 八点钟一定要到那儿 b 否定句 Don t worry I ll help you out 别担心 我会帮助你的 说明 表示命令 请求 叮嘱 号召等 谓语动词用原形 6 感叹句 2 what n What great changes we have had these years 这几年我们有了多么大的变 化啊 What a fine day it is 多好的天呀 how adj How brave he is 他多么勇敢呀 how adv How hard they are working 他们工作多努力呀 How time flies 时间过得多么快呀 How adj a an n How nice a boy he is What a nice boy he is 多么好 的孩子啊 说明 表示说话时惊异 喜悦 气忿等情绪 what 修饰名词 how 修饰形容词 副词或句 子 二 句子的类型 Types of Sentences 1 简单句的句子的类型 一个主语 一个谓语 例 The girl plays the piano every day 那女孩每天弹钢琴 两个主语 一个谓语 例 Tom and I are good friends 汤姆和我是好朋友 一个主语 两个谓语 例 He opened the door and left 他打开门出去了 两个主语或两个谓语或更多 例 Mr and Mrs Smith went to the market bought some fruit and visited their friends 史密斯夫妇去市场 买了些水果 并看望了朋友 结构特殊 只含有一个词或一个词组 例 Hello 喂 Help Help 救命啊 救命 Many thanks 万分感谢 2 简单句的基本句型 The Basic Sentence Patterns 句型结构 1 主语 不及物动词 S Vi 例 Birds fly 鸟飞 They disappeared 他们消失了 2 主 连系动词 表语 S V P 例 She is a university student 她是一名大学生 He has become a pilot 他已成为一名飞行员 3 主 及物动词 宾语 S Vt O 例 He likes swimming 他喜欢游泳 We help each other 我们互相帮助 4 主 及物动词 间接宾语 直接宾语 S Vt O O 例 I told my friend the good news 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友 They sent us a telegram 他们给我们拍了电报 5 主 及物动词 宾语 补语 S Vt O C 例 They named the boy Jack 他们给孩子起名叫杰克 I want everything ready by eight o clock 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好 注 S Subject 主语 Vi Intransitive Verbs 不及物动词 Vt Transitive Verb 及物动词 P Predicative 表语 O Object 宾语 C Complement 补语 重点 难点 否定陈述句要注意下列几点 1 否定陈述句主要是在肯定句中加 not 或 no not a any 构成的 除 not 和 no 外 用具有否定意义的副词也可构成否定陈述句 常用的词有 hardly seldom never little scarcely barely rarely 等 3 2 其他成分的否定形式 有些句子的结构上属于肯定式 但含有否定意义的词 可分以下几种 否定的主语 Nobody will agree with you 没人同意你的意见 None of the students like the novel 没有学生喜欢这本小说 No student here studies Russian 这里没有一个学生学俄语 否定的宾语 We saw nothing in the darkness 在黑暗中我们什么都看不见 He will borrow the book from nobody 他从谁那都借不来这本书 You must remember not to be late for class 你必须记住上课不准迟到 否定的状语 They came here not by bike but on foot 他不是骑车来的而是走着来的 We could find him nowhere 我们什么地方也找不到他 3 不定代词 all both everyone 或 everybody 用于否定句时 表示部分否定 All the trees here are not apple trees Not all the trees here are apple trees 这里的树并非都是苹果树 有的是苹果树 有的不是 Both of the sisters are not nurses Not both of the sisters are nurses 这姐儿俩并不都是护士 Everybody can t do it Not everybody can do it 并不是人人都能做这件事 专项训练 一 陈述句和疑问句 1 Theyhappy when they hear the news A willB will beC wereD don t 2 Is your uncle a driver A No but my aunt isB Yes but my anut is C No he doesn t D Yes he does 3 Wesatisfied with their work A don tB are notC won tD weren t being 4 Hecoffee at all Hetea A doesn t like prefersB likes doesn t prefer C would like not prefersD prefers is not fond of 5 Sheme only twice since last year A seesB was seeingC has seenD have seen 6 My grandmain the country Now shein the city A used to live livesB used to living lived C uses to live is livingD was used to live lives 7 Youmake such mistakes again A should never B should not always C would always notD would not forever 8 Can you drive a car A Yes and Jim can t tooB Yes but Jim can t C No but Jim can too 4 D No but Jim can t 9 Are you going to the super market No A I cycle thereB I walk there C to the workD I ve already been there 10 In England teawith milk or sugar in it A usually drinksB is usually drunk C usually is drunk D drank usually 11 Is she going to the post office No A she doesn tB she goes by bike C to the shopsD she s on the bike 12 Tomlike reading at all Heinterested in playing basketball A doesn t isB doesn t wereC is doesD was is 13 Whenhome from work A do your parents come B does your parents come C have your parentsD our parents come 14 Which of the studentsthe examination A not passB didn t passC passD didn t passed 15 Theytrouble lifting the heavy box A didn t have manyB hadn t a lot of C didn t have much D haven t a great deal of 16 Did you have breakfast this morning A Yes I hadB Yes I didC No I hadn tD No I didn t have 17 colour is the cover of the dictionary A WhatB WhichC HowD Whose 18 does he brush his teeth a day Twice A What timeB How longC WhenD How many times 19 There are many pictures on the wall do you like best A WhatB Which one C Which of the picture D Which one picture 20 Since whenher A did you knowB have you known C do you knowD you know 21 That ten pound note belongs to me A Yes it isB Yes it belongsC No it doesn tD No it isn t 22 Would you rather wait or come back later A I d rather come backB Yes I d rather not wait C No I d rather wait D to come back 23 shoes do you take Size 42 A Which number B What number C What sizeD What 24 is the weather like today It s windy A WhatB HowC What kindD Which 5 25 Would you read my composition and correct the mistakes A if haveB if anyC if everD if not 26 is the distance between these two villages A How farB WhatC How longD How much 27 do you go to the cinema Twice a month A How many timeB How much C How longD How often 28 Howit in English A you sayB do you speak C do you sayD to speak 29 is the population of the city A How muchB How manyC HowD What 30 did she get this information A WhomB WhoC WhereD What 31 does your watch cost Two hundred yuan A How many B What priceC WhatD How expensive 32 Aboutdo you want to know more A WhomB whoC whichD what 33 We haven t heard from Jane for a long time What do you supposeto her A was happeningB to happen C has happenedD having happened 34 Have you heard the news about Jim No What A is itB it isC are theyD they are 35 Would you rather go there by train or by air A Yes I wouldB No I wouldn t C Yes by airD By air 36 I go oryou go yourself A Will willB Shall shallC Shall willD Will shall 37 Do you think the question easy or not A Yes I doB No I don tC It is easyD Yes it s easy 38 Shall we stay at home orto the park A to goB goingC goD will go 39 writer is better known in China Charles Dickens or Mark Twain A WhicheverB WhetherC WhatD Which 40 was the Nanjing Changjiang Bridge open to traffic It was open to traffic in 1968 A WhatB What timeC How longD When 二 感叹句 祈使句 41 from Beijing to London A How long way it isB What a long way it is C What a long way is itD How long a way is it 42 Oh John you gave us A How a pleasant surpriseB How pleasant surprise 6 C What a pleasant surpriseD What pleasant surprise 43 terrible weather we ve been having these days A How aB What aC HowD What 44 girl she is A What bright aB How a bright C How bright aD What a bright 45 we have today A How fine dayB What fine day C How a fine dayD What a fine day 46 Howflowers are A beautifulB beautifullyC beautiful theD beautiful that 47 How A does time flyB times flyC time fliesD flies time 48 Whatwork he does A harderB hardC hardlyD hardest 49 careful our monitor is A How aB HowC What aD What 50 advice he gave us A What aB How good C What goodD How 51 picture it is A What wonderfulB How a wonderful C What wonderful aD How wonderful a 52 I wish to pay a visit to Hongkong A How doB What doC WhatD How 53 hardworking students they are A WhatB What aC What anD How 54 long time it lasted A WhatB What aC HowD How a 55 down the radio The baby s sleeping in the next room A TurningB To turnC TurnD Turned 56 Let sfootball in the street A not to playB not playC don t playD not playing 57 careful when you cross the street A Don t beB Do beC BeingD Do 58 the childall day long A Let not to cryB Not let cry C Don t let to cry D Don t let cry 59 afraid of make mistakes A Don t beB Not to beC Not beingD Be not 60 me again before coming A CallingB To callC Do callingD Call 三 反意疑问句 7 61 You d like some coffee A weren t you B wouldn t youC hadn t youD shouldn t you 62 I don t think he will come to the meeting A will heB won t heC do ID am I 63 Harry and his brother promised to work harder A do theyB don t theyC did theyD didn t they 64 His father knows little about it he A doesB doesn tC is heD isn t 65 We all like reading story books A do weB do youC don t weD don t you 66 My sister seldom goes to the theatreshe A doesn tB doesC isD isn t 67 Your fatherpromised to buy a computer for you he A often didB never didn tC already didD never did 68 Be sure to write to us A will youB aren t youC would youD can you 69 Don t smoke in the meeting room you A do youB will youC wouldD can 70 It s fine today Let s go fishing A will weB shall weC do weD don t we 71 Mary has few friend in Japan she A hasB don tC doesn tD hasn t 72 There is a beautiful lake in this city A isn t itB isn t there C is itD hasn t it 73 There is nothing wrong with my bike A is itB isn t there C isn t itD is there 74 He comes late sometimes A isn t heB comes heC doesn t heD is he 75 You are not a new comer are you I came here only yesterday A No I amB Yes I amC No I m not D Yes I m not 76 She could hardly believe it A couldn t sheB could sheC didn t sheD did she 77 You needn t go A can youB must youC need youD may you 78 You must work hard from now on A can youB won t youC mustn t you D needn t you 79 After walking so long a way you must have been tired you A wereB have C haven tD mustn t 80 He must have left home yesterday he A hasn tB didn tC mustn tD needn t 81 You don t think I m going out in such wet weather A am IB do youC don t youD do I 82 You d better call in a doctor for your mother you 8 A hadB wouldC hadn tD wouldn t 83 You need to come earlier you A don t youB needn tC don tD won t 84 You dare not go alone you A don tB doC dareD daren t 85 He shouldn t drink so much he A shouldB oughtC wouldD will 86 Nothing can stop us doing that A can weB can t weC can t itD can it 7 I m late for the meeting A amn t IB aren t IC don t ID aren t you 88 Nobody but I knows Japanese in my class A does heB doesn t heC do theyD don t they 89 None of the workers attended the party A did theyB did heC didn t heD didn t they 90 Everything is right here A isn t itB aren t they C are theyD is it