八年级英语Unit 6：Fun Cycling Topic 1：Section A and B湘教版知识精讲

初二英语初二英语 UnitUnit 6 6 FunFun CyclingCycling TopicTopic 1 1 SectionSection A A andand B B 湘教版湘教版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 Unit 6 Fun Cycling Topic 1 We re going on a spring field trip Section A and B 二 重点 难点 单词 field 田野 trip 旅行 出行 cycle 骑自行车 自行车 vehicle 交通工具 车辆 airline 航空公司 航空系统 total 总的 总计的 sunrise 日出 时分 黎明 raise 筹集 提起 升高 饲养 discuss 讨论 商量 book 预订 railway 铁路 铁道 sleeper 卧铺 cinema 电影院 电影 reservation 预定 bathtub 浴缸 澡盆 refrigerator fridge 冰箱 condition 条件状况 状态 环境 comfortable 使人舒服的 standard 标准 标准的 词组 air conditioning 空调系统 go on a visit 去旅行 make the decision 做决定 bring back 带回 归还 恢复 想起 go on a field trip 去野外旅行 find out 查出 弄清 decide on sth 对某事做出决定 see the sunrise 看日出 raise money 筹款 book a ticket 订票 a hard sleeper 硬卧 a soft sleeper 软卧 pay for 支付 赔偿 make a reservation 预订 句型 1 For our spring field trip we will go on a two day visit to Mount Tai 2 It s too far for cycling but there are other vehicles for us to choose from 3 Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip 4 We have tickets at 120 for the hard sleeper and 180 for the soft sleeper 5 I d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper 6 Good morning I want to make a hotel reservation 7 I have some exciting news to tell you 8 Let s find out some information about the cost 9 How much does it cost to go there 10 We have rooms with a bathtub TV refrigerator and air conditioning 11 It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools 语法 结果状语从句 动词不定式 三 具体内容 状语从句指句子用作状语时 起副词作用的句子 它可以修饰谓语 非谓语动词 定 语 状语或整个句子 根据其作用可分为时间 地点 原因 条件 目的 结果 让步 方式和比较等从句 状语从句一般由连词 从属连词 引导 也可以由词组引导 从句位 于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开 位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开 目目的的 结结果果状状语语从从句句 要点 目的状语从句由连词 that so that so that in order that 引导 结果状语从句由连词 so that so that such that so much many that 引导 1 so that 如此 以至于 The scientist s report was so instructive that we were all very excited 科学家的报告很有启发性 我们感到很兴奋 He always studied so hard that he made great progress 他总是那么努力 结果他取得了很大的进步 2 so that 以至 以便 I ll run slowly so that you can catch up with me 目的 我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我 I opened the window so that fresh air might come in 目的 我把窗户打开以使新鲜空气可以进来 3 such that 如此 以至 It s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park 天气是如此的好 我们大家都想去公园玩 4 in order that so that 为了 We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can may make your arrangements 不久我们将会让你知道详情 以便你们能够做出安排 目的 难点 so 形容词或副词 so 形 a an 单数可数名词 so many 或 few 复数可数名词 that so much 或 little 不可数名词 so that such that 都可以和 in order that 一样 两者皆可引导目的状语从句和结果状语 从句 当它们引导目的状语从句时 从句的谓语里常常有 can could may might will would so adj adv that such n that 以上两种句型都表示结果 其中 so 为副词 后接形容 词 副词原型 当可数名词前有 many few 不可数名词前有 much little 修饰时 应采用句 型 so many few much little n such 为形容词 后只能接名词 这名词既可以是 可数的 也可以是不可数的 如果这名词是可数 单数 则必须在名词前加冠词 a an 常见的形式是 such a beautiful garden such nice people The weather is so nice that I d like to take a walk 天气是如此之好 以至于我想去散散步 Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him 麦克是如此诚实的一个人 以至于大家都相信他 Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him 考点 I ve had so many falls that I m black and blue all over 我跌了很多跤 浑身摔得青一块紫一块 There are so few notebooks that I can t give you any 笔记本太少了 我一本也给不了你 It is such nice weather that I d like to take a walk 天气是如此只好 以至于我想去散散步 巧辨几组易混词 1 I hope they can help us Do you wish they could help us 我希望他们能来帮助我们 你真希望他们能来帮助我们 说明 hope 与 wish 都表示 希望 但涵义和用法不同 hope 句式有两个 1 hope to do sth 2 hope that 从句 wish 句式有四个 1 wish to do sth 2 wish sb to do sth 3 wish sb sth 4 wish that 从句 注意 hope 后接从句多用将来时 态 wish 后接从句 表示难以实现的愿望 从句谓语用过去时 过去完成时或过去将来时 可以说 I hope so 或 I hope not 不说 I don t hope so 或 hope sb to do sth 2 I visit that school sometimes I ll visit it again sometime next month and I ll stay there for some time 我有时参观那个学校 下个月的某个时候我还要去参观 并在那里停留一段时间 说明 sometimes 有时 是频度副词 常与一般现在时连用 sometime 表示过去或 将来的 某个时间 some time 是名词短语 常用作状语 表示 一段时间 3 It seems that the old man feels lonely let s go over and talk with him You d better let him alone or you may get into trouble 2001 荆州 那位老人似乎很寂寞 咱们过去跟他说说话吧 最好让他一个人呆着 要不你会惹麻 烦的 说明 alone 可作表语或宾补 表示客观上 独自一个人 单独 lonely 可作定语或 表语 指主观上 孤独 寂寞 另外 lonely 用作定语 常修饰表示地点或处所的名词 意为 荒凉的 又如 Though he lived alone on a lonely island he didn t feel lonely 他虽 然一个人住在荒凉的岛上 但不感到寂寞 4 All the family enjoy skating except the twins That s true Both of them prefer singing but neither of them is good at it 2001 荆州 所有家庭成员都喜欢滑冰 除了这对双胞胎 是这样 他们两个更喜欢唱歌 但都不 擅长唱歌 说明 enjoy prefer be good at 都表示 喜欢 但涵义不同 enjoy 意为 欣赏 喜 欢 后接 V ing 形式作宾语 不接不定式作宾语 prefer 涵义是 更喜欢 like better 后接 V ing 形式或不定式作宾语 be good at 相当于 do well in 意为 擅长 在某方面做得 好 5 The teacher also said that she didn t know it either 老师也说她也不知道那件事 说明 英语中表示 也 常用 too also either 等 too either 常位于句末 also 常 放在实义动词之前 too also 常用于肯定句中 either 常用于否定句中 6 He left here after two days He will come back in a month 98 山东 两天之后 他离开了这里 一个月之后会回来 说明 after 一段时间 常与过去时连用 in 一段时间 一般与将来时和过去 将来时连用 7 I have already learned English for five years and I m still learning it while so far he hasn t learned it yet 我学习英语已经五年了 并且仍在学 而他到目前为止还没有学过呢 说明 already yet 常与完成时连用 already 常用于肯定句中 表示 惊异 时可用 在疑问句中 yet 常用在否定句或疑问句中 still 表示某事或某状态仍在进行或持续 8 My watch is missing I can t find it anywhere so I ve bought a new one 我的手表不见了 我哪里也找不到 因此我买了块新的 说明 it one that 可用来代替名词 以避免重复 it 代替上文提到过的同一名词 复数是 they 或 them one 代替同类可数名词 复数是 ones that 常代替不可数名词 又如 The population of China is larger than that of India 中国的人口比印度的人口多 本句中 that 代替名词 population 9 How was the weather yesterday It was terrible It rained hard People could hardly go out 2001 江西 昨天天气怎么样 很糟糕 雨下得很大 人们几乎无法外出 说明 hard 与 hardly 都是副词 但涵义不同 hard 表示 努力地 雨 雪 猛烈地 heavily hardly 是否定副词 意为 几乎不 简直不 almost not 10 I have nothing to do Please give me something to read Certainly But you can t read everything at a time 2000 济南 我没事可做 请给我一些东西读 可以 但你不可 能一次全部读完 说明 something 表示 一些 anything 表示 任何 everything 表示 全部 nothing 表示 什么也没有 something everything 常用在肯定句中 anything 用在否 定或疑问句中 nothing 不能与否定词连用 not 与 everything 连用表示部分否定 全部否 定用 nothing 或 not anything 11 My sister caught a cold the day before yesterday She has had a cold for three days 我妹妹 前天感冒了 她感冒已经三天了 说明 catch a cold 表示 感冒 是非延续性动词短语 不能与表示一段时间的状语连 用 have a cold 可以这样用 12 To my surprise his father wasn t surprised at the surprising news 使我感到吃惊的是 他父亲对那个令人吃惊的消息不感到吃惊 说明 某人对某事感到惊奇 用 be surprised 而 某事本身令人惊奇 用 be surprising to one s surprise 表示 使某人惊奇的是 典型例题典型例题 基本句型 汉译英练习 主谓结构 A 说明 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成 常用来表示主语的动作 如 The sun rises 主语可有修饰语 定语 如 The red sun rises 谓语可有修饰语 状语 如 The red sun rises in the east B 翻译练习 你应当努力学习 You should study hard 她昨天回家很晚 She went home very late yesterday evening 那天早上我们谈了很多 That morning we talked a great deal 会议将持续两个小时 The meeting will last two hours 在过去的十年里 我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化 Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years 这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生 Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day 1919 年 在北京爆发了 五 四 运动 The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919 每天八时开始上课 Classes begin at eight every day 这个盒子重五公斤 This box weighs five kilos 五年前我住在北京 I lived in Beijing five years ago 爱丽丝很会游泳 Alice swims very well 约翰的父亲昨晚去世了 John s father died last night 秋天有些鸟飞到南方去 In autumn some birds fly to the south 我的爷爷早晨起得很早 My grandfather gets up early in the morning 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书 Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow book 例 用 when while as soon as not until 填空 1 The car hit the man he was crossing the road 2 I ll tell you the good news I get there 3 He go to bed 11 o clock last night 4 The accident happened I was on my way to work 5 Sports build the body reading builds the mind 6 I used to be rather quite I was young Keys 1 while 2 as soon as 3 didn t until 4 while 5 while 6 when 例 用 although though however 填空 1 They got to the airport on time the traffic was bad 2 We had a wonderful the food was terrible 3 Some people think winter is a bad season for me it s a good time because I love cold rainy weather Keys 1 although though 2 although though 3 however 例 用 because since so that if 填空 1 we re young we shouldn t be too afraid of making mistakes 2 The weather was nice I spent the whole day in the park 3 He couldn t come to your party he was ill 4 were you I would wear that earrings 耳环 Keys 1 Since 2 so that 3 because 4 If 例 填入适当的引导词 1 I haven t heard from him he went to America 2 He won t be here he is invited 3 He will not go to the cinema he is very busy 4 We found the key she had left it 5 We found the books two days he had gone away Keys 1 since 2 unless 3 because 4 where 5 after 6 We had no sooner got to the station the train left 7 He speaks English he were an Englishman 8 He is explaining clearly they could understand 9 Do not leave the room you have finished the test 10 She sang she went along Keys 6 than 7 as if 8 so that 9 before 10 as 例 改错 1 The children were running on the playground as fast as they can 2 Since her husband had died so she had to support her family 3 He won t go out until his mother will come 4 He was very foolish that he didn t pass such an easy exam 5 Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home Keys 1 can 改为 could 2 去掉 so 3 will come 改为 comes 4 very 改为 so 5 as soon as 改为 when 6 It was three months since he came to our school 7 The playground of our school is larger than their school 8 The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai 9 Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain the fields are green 10 She sings songs as if she is a bird Keys 6 was 改为 is 7 than 之后加上 that of 8 than 后加 those in 9 whatever 改为 wherever 10 is 改为 were 模拟试题模拟试题 I Choose the best answer 选择最佳答案 1 There is going to a football match this afternoon in our school A have B has C be D held 2 We re going to visit the flower show tomorrow Will you us A take B join C join in D take part in 3 China is a country while Japan is a country A developed developed B developing developing C developing developed D developed developing 4 Mrs Li came into the classroom some books her hand A with in B in with C has in D with by 5 It s only half past six We be late A must B can t C may D mustn t 6 After cooking dinner Mother till late into the night A went on to wash B went on washing C went on with washing D went on to washing 7 he is he feels A Busy happy B The busier the happier C The more busy the more happy D Busier happier 8 How long have you the book A borrowed B received C bought D kept 9 The mountain is too high for to get to the top of it in half an hour A someone B anyone C no one D everyone 10 Would you please tell me A what to do next B what to do the next C how to do next D how to do it the next 11 I d like to buy a bigger because these shoes are too small A one B it C pair D ones 12 Her pen is more expensive than A any other pen B any other pens C anyone else D anyone else s 13 I m afraid answer is right You d better do it again A neither B all C none D both 14 The workers in this company were made 12 hou