研究生英语阅读教程基础级第二版lesson7课后习题答案

UnitThreeActiveReading Lesson7WhatIsActiveReading Thisunitintroducessometechniquesthatcanmakeanappreciabledifferenceinhowwellyoureadandhowmuchyouremember Infact thesetechniques prereading makingconnectionsandpredictions andmonitoringyourcomprehension canmakeanimmediate significantimprovementinyourreadingefficiency Researchrevealsthateffectivereadingisnotasingle stepprocess butacomplexsetofskillsinvolvingactivitiesbefore during andafterreading Hereisapartiallistofsomeofthoseskills BeforeReading 1 determinethesubjectofthematerial 2 determinehowthematerialisorganized 3 defineyourpurposeofreading 4 decidewhatyouneedtorememberfromthematerial DuringReading 1 identifywhatisimportant 2 determinehowkeyideasaresupported 3 identifypatternsofthought 4 drawconnectionsamongideas 5 anticipatewhatistocomenext 6 relateideastowhatyoualreadyknow DuringandAfterReading 1 identifytheauthor spurposeofwriting 2 analyzethewriter stechniqueandlanguage 3 evaluatethewriter scompetenceorauthority 4 askcriticalquestions 5 evaluatethenatureandtypeofsupportingevidence PracticeofReadingTechniquesActivitiesbefore duringandafterreading Determinewhatismeantbythetitleofthereadingselection AWholeNationandaPeople 2 Determinewhatsortofliteratureitis essay drama fictionstory orfragmentsofautobiography 3 Anticipatewhatistocomenextafterreadingthefirstfiveparagraphs 4 Identifytheauthor spurposeofwritingthispassage Lesson7 AWholeNationandaPeople ReadingSelectionA CATALOGUE Warm upActivities AbouttheAuthor LanguagePoints Keys text Warm upActivities Thewesterncountrieshaveinfluenceusgreatlyinallaspects Whataretheadvantagesandthedisadvantageofsuchinfluence 2 Doyouthinkallofusshouldtryourbesttopreserveournation straditionalcustoms AbouttheAuthor HarryMarkPetrakis bornJune5 1923 St Louis Mo U S Americannovelistandshort storywriterwhoseexuberantandsensitiveworksdealwiththelivesofGreekimmigrantsinurbanAmerica AbouttheAuthor Petrakis thesonofanEasternOrthodoxpriest attendedtheUniversityofIllinois 1940 41 andheldavarietyofjobstosupporthimselfwhilewriting Hisnovelsandstories usuallysetinChicago includeLionatMyHeart 1959 TheOdysseyofKostasVolakis 1963 ADreamofKings 1966 TheHouroftheBell 1976 NicktheGreek 1979 DaysofVengeance 1983 andGhostoftheSun 1990 asequeltoADreamofKings HarryMarkPetrakisatage12 AbouttheAuthor Healsopublishedcollectionsofshortstories abiography andanautobiography Stelmark AFamilyRecollection 1970 In1998hecowroteabiographyoftheindustrialistHenryCrown andthefollowingyearhereleasedanotherautobiographicalwork TalesoftheHeart DreamsandMemoriesofaLifetime FamilyofHarryMarkPetrakis LtoR Tasula Fr MarkPetrakis Dan Irene Mike Harry Barbara PresbyteraStella LanguagePoints 1 contendwithsomeoneforsomething competeagainstsomeoneinordertowinorachieveit竞争 争夺 line3 para 1 三个党正在争夺权利 Threepartiesarecontendingforpower 争夺冠军的这两支球队势均力敌 Thetwoteamscontendingforthechampionshipareveryevenlymatched LanguagePoints contendwith havetodealwithproblemsordifficulties especiallyinordertoachievesomething 尤指为达成目标而 与 搏斗 与 作争斗 他们必须和风速达每小时40多英里的强风较量 Theyhadtocontendwithwindsofover40milesanhour 我得拼命养活这一大家子 已经够受了 I vegotquiteenoughtocontendwithbringingupsuchabigfamily LanguagePoints 2 seekout huntdown追寻到 特意要找出 line1 para 2 任何人都不会无缘无故地特意寻找不愉快 Itwasunusualforanyonetoseekoutunpleasantness 科比特决心找出真相 Corbettresolvedtoseekoutthetruth 他又来找她 问她究竟是什么意思 缺少英文例句 LanguagePoints 3 bedevil Ifsomethingbedevilssomeoneorsomething itconstantlycausesproblemsanddifficultiesforthem纠缠 困扰 line2 para 2 他们为种种抱怨所烦恼 为诸多问题所困扰 Theyarebesiegedbycomplaintsandbedeviledwithproblems 伤病满营使球队陷入了困境 Theteamhasbeenbedeviledbyinjury 会计钻在一大堆数字里面给搅昏了头 Theaccountantwasbedeviledinamassoffigures LanguagePoints 4 dobattle mainlyjournalism arguewithorfightagainstadifficultopponent officialsystemetc 与 争论 进行斗争 line1 para 4 对某人作政治上的斗争 dopoliticalbattlewith 就削减预算问题进行斗争 dobattleoverthebudgetcuts 他继续与市议会进行斗争 Hecontinuestodobattlewiththecitycouncil 他的支持者正准备就总统选举团的组成问题进行斗争 Hissupportersarepreparingtodobattleoverthecompositionoftheelectoralcollege LanguagePoints 5 hurlabuse insults accusationsatsb shoutinsultsattheminaviolentoraggressiveway口气激烈地表达 或叫嚷 气势汹汹地口吐 恶言 line3 para 4 警察遭到恶狠狠的辱骂 Abusewashurledatthepolice 狂热的支持者们开始相互谩骂 Thefansbeganhurlingabuseateachother 恶狠狠地辱骂 hurlinsults 强烈指责某人 hurlaccusationsatsb LanguagePoints hurl throwsomethingviolentlyandwithalotofforce fling 孩子们正在相互掷雪球 Childrenwerehurlingsnowballsatoneanother LanguagePoints 6 beon upon yourmettle bereadytodosomethingaswellasyoucan becauseyouknowthatyouarebeingtestedorchallenged鼓起勇气 振作精神 去做某事 line1 para 5 要在这场比赛中获胜 我们得准备尽最大的努力 We llhavetobeourmettletowinthegame 这个新的车素限制将使那些渴望开快车的人大为振奋 Thisnewspeedrestrictionwillputakeendriveronhismettle show proveyourmettle showthatyouarecapableofdoingsomethingwell proveyourself表现出 或证明 自己能胜任谋事 他没有机会表现自己的能耐 Hehadnochancetoshowhismettle LanguagePoints 7 braceoneself prepareoneselfforsomethingunpleasant作好准备面对 不愉快的事 使防备 使经受锻炼 line3 para 7 你得作好准备 有坏消息相告 Braceyourselfforbadnews 她为即将到来的磨难作好了准备 Shebracedherselfforherforthcomingordeal 全城作了可能再发生一场地震的防备 Thecitybraceditselfforapossiblenewquake LanguagePoints 8 makeamends trytomakeasituationbetterafteryouhavedonesomethingwrong apologizeforamistakeorsomethingharmfulthatyouhavedone赔罪 赔偿 补偿 补救 line3 para 14 因无礼行为向某人赔礼道歉 makeamendstosbforrudeness 这使他希望对小男孩作些补偿 他以前对于男孩过于苛刻 Itmadehimwishtomakeamendsforhisformerunkindnesstotheboy 我希望能以某种方式作出补救 IwishIcouldmakeamendssomehow LanguagePoints 9 workoff paysomeonewhatyouowethembydoingajobfortheminsteadofgivingthemmoney以工作抵偿 债务 line1 para 16 他们被迫做工以抵偿债务 Theywereforcedtoworkofftheirdebts workoffsomethingsuchassomeofyourweight yougetridofitbydoingsomethingthatinvolvesalotofphysicalactivity 通过体力活动 减轻 体重 她常常靠跑步来减轻过量的体重 Shegenerallyworksoffexcessweightbygoingforarun LanguagePoints workoffafeelingsuchasanangerorembarrassment yougraduallyovercomeit especiallybybeingunpleasantorviolenttowardsotherpeople发泄掉 怒气 消除 困窘 他用问题烦扰我们来摆脱自己的困窘 Heworkedoffhisembarrassmentbyharassinguswithquestions LanguagePoints 10 square informal Iftwopeoplearesquare theyareeven level orequalwitheachother forexampletheynolongeroweeachotheranymoney neitherpersonowestheotheranything 非正式 已结清的 互不欠帐的 两讫的 扯平的 line3 para 35 你还给我6英镑 那么我们就两讫了 Yougivemebacksixpoundsthenwe llbesquare 再付5元钱帐就清了 Fivedollarsmoreandouraccountswillbesquare Keys READINGCOMPREHENSION 1 D2 B3 C4 A5 C6 A7 D8 B9 B10 B VOCABULARY A 1 D2 A3 D4 C5 A6 A7 C8 B9 C10 B B 1 contendwith2 seekout3 workoff4 deftly5 sternly6 desolate7 brusquely8 mutely9 makeamends10 derided CLOZE 1 successive2 lookdownon3 targets4 Despite5 insearchof6 Traditionally7 integrate8 infavorof9 distinctive10 diverse Keys TRANSLATION 1 我常和一帮来自各国的移民子弟一起玩 这一时期给我记忆最深的就是一位杂货店的老板 当时我们争相嘲笑原来国家的风俗习惯 星期六到别的居民区进行冒险时 为了证明自己是真正的美国人 我们吃热狗 喝可口可乐 如果谁没带10美分 他这顿饭就得饿着 因为他不敢带自己家里吃的那种加了香料的夹肉三明治 2 我们的野蛮游戏之一就是找一个推车的小贩或是一个店主 毫无疑问都是移民 然后齐声骂他或嘲笑戏弄他 为了证明对团伙的忠诚 我们必须找一个自己民族的移民小店主或是小贩 以最恶毒的方式捉弄他 Keys 3 你真愚蠢 你不知道我这个小店里装着我们整个的国家和民族 包含整个希腊国家与民族的历史与文化 4 阿喀琉斯就是带着黑橄榄前往特洛伊城的 而且在带领他的密耳弥多涅勇士们激战一天后 他会休息 吃些奶酪和熟透的黑橄榄 就是店里的这种黑橄榄 5 马拉松城的人们带着这些香料去参战 香味能使他们想起自己的家乡 家人和孩子 Keys 6 你知道希腊色拉到底是什么吗 它本身是一顿饭 也是一次经历 一种情感 它的制作是一个娴熟而高雅的过程 希腊神话中说 一天晚上宙斯请众神来奥林匹亚山赴宴时 他亲自创造了希腊色拉的调制法 并亲手把山里的各种原料收集混拌在了一起 7 我回头望了一下 他还在门廊下看着我 那些希腊食物的余味像薄雾一样 在他的头顶萦绕盘旋 Keys ORALPRACTICEANDDISCUSSION Whydidtheauthorandhisgangbedevilimmigrants Whydidtheybedevilashopkeeperorpeddlerbelongingtotheirownethnicbackground Theyweresecondorlowergenerationsofimmigrants TheyhadreceivedtheAmericaneducationandAmericanvalues sotheythoughttheywererealAmericansdifferentfromtheirparentsorgrandparentsandbelievedthateverythingintheUnitedStateswasgoodandbetterthanthatinanyothercountry Theybedeviledashopkeeperorpeddlerbelongingtotheirownethnicbackgroundinordertoshowtheirloyaltytotheirgang Keys 2 Inhisopeningparagraphs Petrakistellshowheandhisfriendsbandedtogethertorejecttheirownethnicbackgrounds Whyisthisinformationimportantforunderstandingtheexperiencehenarrates Theseparagraphstellusthebackgroundofthestorythatthereweresevereconflictsincultureandvaluesbetweenthefirstgenerationofimmigrantsandtheirchildren WhenthechildrenofimmigrantshavereceivedAmericaneducationandvalues theyusuallylookdownuponthecultureandvaluesoftheirownethnicgroups thoughtheirculturesmaybeoflongerhistory richerconnotationandmorecolors Keys 3 WhatdetailscharacterizeBarbaNikos BarbaNikoswasashortandsinewyGreekwhowalkedwithaslightlimpandsportedaflaring handlebarmustache Heownedasmall shabbygrocerystore Hewasproudofhisownnationandculture HethoughtthefruitsandvegetablesinhisstorerepresentthewholenationandpeoplefromGreece 4 WhatdidMr BarbaNikosthinkofthechildrenwhowereraisedinAmerica ToMr BarbaNikosthechildrenraisedinAmericawereterriblyignorantaboutvaluesoftheirownnation sohewasscornfulofthem Hesaidtheauthorwas stupid bonehead and dumb Keys 5 Althoughthenarratorwantedtheres