语法填空解题技巧 (共4张)ppt课件

.,.,高考英语新题型语法填空,RationalCloze,.,Teachingobjectives,针对语法填空题,进行命题分析,结合示例给予解题指导,.,题型分析,.,命题宗旨,旨在考查：语法和语用知识,综合语言运用能力,着重考查：,.,题材：生活经历或成语故事，其内容体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪等。,语篇形式:短文或对话,长度：200词左右,命题特点,体裁：记叙文为主,.,纯空格类：（3-4个题）,提示词类：（6-7个题）,特别提醒：,填的词在3个以内,命题形式,.,语法考点,实词,动词、名词、代词形容词、副词,虚词,连词、介词、代词、冠词,句法,词法,复合句的引导词。如定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句,.,阅读和理解语篇分析句子结构熟练运用语法正确拼写单词,命题能力要求,四种能力,.,语法知识逻辑关系语篇标志,固定词组,词汇知识生活常识,依据,解题思路,句型搭配,.,1.通读全文，了解大意。2.试填空格，后难先易。3.重读全文，解决难题。,解题步骤,.,解题密招,.,纯空格题的解题技巧,一般填代词、冠词、介词、连词、从句关联词、助动词、情态动词。,1.分析句子结构确定填哪类词。2.根据句意，句子间的逻辑关系和固定搭配，确定具体填什么词；有以下技巧：,.,技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。_isafactthatChinaisstrongerthanbefore.,It,点拨：句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；it指代真正的主语thatbefore这个句子。,.,技巧2：名词前面的空格很可能是填限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词),a,Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.,a,表示“一个”,.,技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。Itsanhonourformetobeinvited_aguestintheirhouse.,as,作为,.,语法知识：6.9.17.20,10.13,技巧4：若几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。Shecameup_gaveMotherabighug.,and,点拨：因cameup和gaveMotherabighug两个动词短语之间没有连词，且两者是并列关系，故填and。,.,技巧5：若两句之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词。Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,_hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.,but,表示转折“但是”,.,Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks_wereborrowedfrommyfriend.,that,点拨：that是主句Ibooks和定语从句之间的连接词。,.,技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词，表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。,ThebookwasgonebutI_putitinTomsschoolbag.,did,“确实”用来加强语气,.,Neverbefore_heheardofsuchstrangethings!,has,点拨:句子是倒装句，现在完成时且主语是第三人称单数。,.,技巧7：由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。,Itwasthat为强调句型,ItwasafterIgothome_Isawthetextmessage.,that,.,Hewas_wildwithjoythathejumped.,so,点津：sothat句型,.,括号内有提示词解题技巧,主要考查:,动词时态和语态、非谓语形式、名词、形容词和副词,.,提示词是动词：,作谓语：辨清时态和语态,作非谓语:v+ing/v+ed/todo,词性转换,.,副词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词,提示词是形容词：,提示词是副词：,形容词，比较级，最高级，反义词，名词,提示词是名词：,形容词，副词，复数，所有格,.,1._(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwontmakeyoufeelashamed.解析：句中已有谓语wontmake，谓语前面应为主语,故填非谓语动词Speaking.,Exercises:,Speaking,.,2.Suddenly,he_(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.,found,做谓语且句子为一般过去时,.,3.Lessons_(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.,点拨：过去分词做后置定语,learned/learnt,.,4.Theremustbesomething_(serious)wrongwithoursociety.解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriously。,seriously,.,5.Yourmistakecausedalotof_(necessity)workintheoffice.,unnecessary,adj.“不必要的”修饰名词work,.,6.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimes_(possible)togetridof.,impossible,adj.“不可能的”做is的表语,.,7.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat_(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.,contributions,.,8.Hetrainedeven_(hard)thanbefore.,harder,than和even都是比较级的标志,.,词类转化诀窍：,归纳总结：,副词,名词,形容词,作主语，宾语填_作定语，表语，补足语填_修饰动词，形容词，副词,作状语,填_,.,真题再现,.,1.Will_matterifyoudonttakeyourbreakfast?Ashorttimeago,atest_(give)intheUnitedSates.Peopleofdifferent_,from12to83,wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts,andsometimestheygot_breakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptosee_welltheirbodiesworkedandwhentheyhadeaten_certainkindofbreakfast.,1,3,4,5,6,2,it,wasgiven,ages,no,how,a,.,Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffect_ifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobe_(especial)trueifapersonworks_hisbrains.Forexample,ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwith_(much)attentioninclass.,7,8,9,10,more,than,with,especially,.,2.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._1_waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder_2_hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman_3_(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled_4_(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome_5_ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet_6_studenttastethewater.Hespititout,_7_(say)itwasawful.,The,who,presented,warmly,with,another,saying,.,Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_8_?Theteacherreplied,Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_9_(sweet).“Weunderstandthislessonbest_10_wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.,it,sweeter,when,.,3.Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult1wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.,Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot3pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor4(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.Janepausedinfrontofacounter5someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoublethe,it,pushed,where,2,toplease,a,.,Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes7sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease8.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready9table