2020届高考英语 考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解（九）

2020;2020届高考英语考前冲刺精选专题资料汇编阅读理解（九）AAllan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her office at work and goes shopping with her. Most people dont seem to mind Allan, says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. Hes my fourth child,she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog.Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides (提供) a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money.People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so arent surprised to find that owning a dog means yet more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that fall sill. However, most such treatment is expen sive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance (保险) for their dog.In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage (损坏) their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car, you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.1. Birgitta pays taxes for Allan because _.A. he is her dog B. he is her childC. he follows her everywhere D. he often falls ill答案：A 指导：这是一道细节题。从文中此句People in Sweden pay taxes on everything，arent surprised to find that owning adogmeansyetmoretaxes，”不难得出正确答案，另外从第 一段末句也可得出此答案。2. The money paid as dog taxes is used to _.A. keep a high level of care for the peopleB. pay for damage done by dogsC. provide medical care for dogsD. buy insurance for dog owners答案：C 指导：这也是一道细节题。文章第三段给出了正确答案。“Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog，money is spent by the government on dog hospitalandsometimes medical treatment fora dog that falls ill”3. If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed, who should pay for the damage done to the car?_.A. The owner of the car.B. The owner of the dog.C. The insurance company (公司).D. The government.答案：B指导：这仍然是一道细节题。从文章最后一段那位俱乐部官员的解释可以看出，狗主人必须赔偿一切损失，即使他的狗为此送命也必须如此。4. From the text it can be inferred that in Sweden_.A. dogs are welcome in public placesB. keeping dogs means asking for troubleC. many car accidents are caused by dogsD. people care much about dogs答案：D指导：这是一道推理判断题。从文中给出的信息看，瑞典人，包括瑞典政府都为狗投入很大，但是瑞典人仍然把狗当作自己的孩子般受护。BWe walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didnt even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise. Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them ko me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up. Mum nodded and said. Very dirty floors.Yes, Im glad theyve finally decided to clean them, the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, But arent you working late?Mum just pushed harder, each sweep (拖一下) of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, Thank you.Outside, Mum told me Dagmar is fine. No fever. “You saw her, Mum?Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. Its a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush.1. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was_.A. to clean the floorB. to please the nurseC. to see a patientD. to surprise the story-teller答案：C 指导：这是一道推理题。从表面上看，拿拖把当然是拖地。但是读到最后，我们就知道妈妈拖地的目的是探视病人。因此正确答案是C2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a_.A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner答案：D 指导：从值班护土与妈妈的对话中，我们看出护士没有拦妈妈，因为她认为妈妈是清洁工。所以正确答案是D.3. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?A. It is a childrens hospital.B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.C. The conditions there arent very good.D. The nurse and doctors there dont work hard.答案：B指导：这是一道推理题。根据妈妈为了探视病人，煞费苦心地扮成清洁工这一点，我们可以推断出这个医院的制度非常严格。因此正确答案是B.4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely_.A. the story-tellers sisterB. the story-tellers classmateC. Mums friendD. Dads boss答案：A 指导：根据妈妈与“我”的对话，“Dagmar”应该是个孩子，妈妈还提到爸爸也不用担心了，因此我们可以推断妈妈探视的病人应该是“我”的妹妹，所k2JE确答案是A.5. Which of the following words best describes Mum?A. strange B. warm-heartedC. clever D. hard-working答案：C 指导：从妈妈的控视病人方面所表现出的智慧来看，文章应该着重表现了妈妈的聪明。所以正确答案是CCThe United States. Fliers may want to have their tickets in hand before catching their planes, but the airline companies are doing everything they can to bring forward cost-saving ticketless flight - nopaper needed, just a ticket number and a photo ID (带照片的身份证). Anyone who buys a Northwest E-ticket through the airlines computer service by June 16 will get an a- ward (奖励). Next time you fly, you can buy another ticket for a friend for $ 99, going anywhere in the US or Canada through Feb. 12, 2000, along with the lowest ticket prices. Some airlines offer extra frequent flier miles for the ticketless crowd. And there are rising punishments for paper lovers. Arnerican, Northwest, United, and last week, US Airways have raised the cost for lost-ticket replacement (替换) to $ 70 from either $ 60 or $ 50. The airlines insist that the increase in price is not meant to push travelers toward E-tickets but onlyi eovers the increasing cost of replacing and tracking a missing ticket.1.Why is the new ticketless flight introduced?A. It is cheaper for air travelers.B. It helps reduce the cost for airlines.C. It can use computer to plan air traveling.D. It helps prevent fliers from losing their tickets.答案：B 指导：参考the airline companies are doing everything the ycan to bring for ward cost-saving ticketless flight从这句话上来看，无票飞行能节约钱。2.To encourage people to take ticketless flights, the airlines_.A. sell their tickets for $ 99 from June to February the following yearB. let travelers go to both the US and Canada with the same ticketsC. allow each traveler to have an extra $ 99 ticket for a friend of theirsD. offer ticketess travelers free miles to fly in the US答案：C 指导：选项D错的原因是向无票乘客提供短途(miles) 免费游是部分航空公司的举措，不是所有航空公司所为； 只对常客提供这种免费游，不是对任何乘客。3.Who are the paper lovers mentioned in the,text?A. People who like to have paper airplane tickets.B. People who love paper products of various kinds.C. People who travel with paper on a plane.D. People who have lost their ticket and buy a second one.答案：A 指导：这里的paperlovers指喜欢持票乘机的人。4. The airline companies say that they have raised the lost-ticket replacement price in order to _.A. attract travelers to take tieketless flightsB. punish those who insist on using paper ticketsC. do better than other airline companiesD. pay for the work to deal with lost tickets答案：D 指导：虽然文章中有这样一句话And thereare rising punishments for paper lovers，但这不是航空公司所说的话，惩罚持票者也不是航空公司的目的，故不选B。文章的最后一句说出了机票挂失提价的真正目的，也就是为了填补因为挂失而查找失票所造成的花费，这与选项D一致。DReading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that being in the zone. Educators call it automatieity (自动).A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automatieity, he doesnt have to think about getting the meaning of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found autonfatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. Its not L Q ,but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity, according to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3. 5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.You can test your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloud something unfamiliar but suitable to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.1. The main idea of the first paragraph is_.A. what is automaticityB. how correctness is obtainedC. how a child learns to walkD. how an athlete is trained答案：A指导：通过事例解释automaticity2. The Illinois study shows that the automatic readers high speed _.A. costs him a lot of workB. affects his comprehensionC. leads to his future successD. doesnt affect his comprehension答案：B 指导：由“scoring twice high说明效果好，“是分数的两倍”。3. From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright childA. also needs practice to be automatic readerB. always achieves great success in comprehension testsC. becomes an automatic reader after learning how to readD. is a born automatic reader答案：A 指导：作者说“自我阅读”来源于大量的练习。4. The main idea of the whole passage is _.A. how to score high on comprehension testsB. reading is the key to school successC. how to test your childs reading abilityD. automaticity is important for efficient reading答案：D 指导：本篇告诉读者应通过大量阅讯培养“自动阅读”，并列出了几个事例，说明“自动阅读”对有效阅读是非常有帮助的。EVisit Iceland and youll enter a whole new region of experience. Youll discover original nature as youve never seen it before, and the equally Original people for whom timeless nature, ancient heritage and modem lifestyle coexist in harmony. The freedom to wander in the city or the wilds as you please is the key to the Iceland experience.Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is just a part of the Icelandic experience with its midnight sun or the magical landscapes mixed with ice and fire. Reykjavik has a population of around 170,000 and offers an interesting mix of cosmopolitan (世界各地的) culture and local village roots.Old accounts say the ancient gods themselves guided Icelands first settler to make his home in Reykjavik. He named the place Reykjavik (Steamy Bay ) after the geothermal (地热) steam he saw, which today heats homes and outdoor swimming pools throughout the city, a pollution-free energy source that leaves the air outstandingly fresh, clean and clear.A beautiful river runs through the city limits, and so do fine parks and even wild outdoor areas. In the outskirts are places for horse trekking and golf. But against this backcloth of nature, Reykjavik has a packed program of familiar city joys too: art museums, several theaters, an opera house, a symphony orchestra and concerts meeting the needs of the whole spectrum of age and taste.One must for all visitors is dining out on Icelandic specialities, including delicious seafood, ocean-fresh from the mornings catch, highland lamb and unusual varieties of game. Its purely natural food imagiriatively served to delight the most disceming(内行的)of diners. Reykjavik is also famous as one of Europes hottest nightspots, where the action on the friendly pub and nightlife scene lasts right through the night. In the evening, the downtown area filled with activity, reaching its peak on Friday or Saturday. The number of pubs, cafe, discos, and other night-spots in the downtown area is astonishing. There is arich variety of places to go. European-style cafes, nightclubs with live entertainment, dance halls for seniors, sports-theme pubs with big TV screens, cafes that offer over 100 types of beer, an Irish pub, a Spanish cafe, a French wine bar.Walking distances are short downtown, and everything worth seeing outside the city center can be quickly and conveniently reached by bus. With its long, easy-going main street and large shopping mall, Icelands capital is a great place to shop too with a bonus of tax-free shopping for visitors! Be careful not just for souvenirs(纪念品) (especially woolens and handicrafts) but also for stylish consumer goods and designer labels at competitive prices.A full range of accommodations (住宿) is available in Reykiavik, from international-standard hotels with good conference facilities, through smaller hotels and comfortable guest- houses, to a campsite in the citys biggest park.1. It can be learned from the passage that Reykiavik_.A. was named by the ancient godsB. got its name from the visitorsC. was named by Icelands first settlerD. was named after Icelands first settler答案: C 指导：由文中第三段第一行Old accounts say the ancientgods themselves guided lcelands first settler to make his homein ReykiaviikHe named the place Reykiavikafter the geothermalsteamhesaw”可知C为正确选项。2. While visiting Iceland, the most enjoyable thing is_.A. to taste its purely natural foodB. to wander freely in the city or the wilds as you pleaseC. to visit the night-spots thereD. to do tax-free shopping答案: B 指导：由文中第一段最后一句话The freedomtowander in the city or The wilds as you please is the key to the lceland experience可知B为最佳选项。3. Which of the following subjects are mentioned in the fifth paragraph?A. Shopping and accommodationsB. Dining and night-spotsC. City joys and backcloth of natureD. Transportation and landscapes答案: B 指导：由第五段明显可以看出B为最佳选项，关键词是本段第一行中的diningout和第五行中的alsofamousasoneOf europes hottest nightspots4. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. all visitors must dine out while visiting IcelandB. hotel accommodation is so scarce that visitors usually camp in the citys big gest parksC. people living in Reykiavik seldom get heat from coalD. you have to walk a short distance if you want to go sight seeing outside the city答案: C 指导：根据全文，此处以geothermal(地热)而命名，所以人们充分利用地热而很少烧煤，故此C应该为最佳选项。FGovernors, lawyers and business leaders have to deal with scientists, and every educated person finds his views affected by science. Yet our science teaching of non-scientists, in school and college,has built up mistaken ideas, dislikes, and the common boast, I never did understand science. Even those students who arrive at college with plans to become scientists usually bring a mistaken picture of science: some have a collection of unorganized facts about science, and some regard the study of science as a game which includes getting the right answer.The first of these attitudes seems to come from a kind of course which provides various kinds of information; the second, from a training course on how to pass examinations that do not ask about the students understanding but simply require him to put the numbers in the right formulas(公式). Neither type of courses (in school or college) seems to give students and understanding of science as we find it among scientists. Neither shows students how real scientists work and think how the facts are gathered, how discoveries are made, and what they mean. Young people need good teaching of science, not so much a great wealth of knowledge as a healthy understanding of the nature of science. They need an un-derstanding of knowl edge leading to sympathy with science and an eagerness of the way scientists work. Given these, it is easy to encourage later reading and learning.1. One of the reasons that cause mistaken ideas of science is .A. a mistaken picture in students mindB. the unscientific way of teaching of scienceC. the fact that students fail to see the influence (影响)of scienceD. the fact that students have a collection of unrelated facts about science答案: B 指导：由文中第一段第二句Yetourscience teaching of non-scientists，inschool and in college”可知教育方式是错的，所以B为正确答案。2. According to the passage, we can safely say that the subject of the passage is _.A. need for good science teachingB. every person, including governors, lawyers and business leaders should study scienceC. young people should form a correct attitude to scienceD. students must know what science is and how scientists work and think答案: A 指导：根据文章先说明教育的失误，再分析为何不正确，最后在结尾解决问题young people need good teaching of science”。所以A为正确答案。3. A good course of science is_.A. to teach students to do things according to formulasB. to provide students with all kinds of informationC. to help students have a good understanding and form a correct attitude to scienceD. to encourage students to have a good command of knowledge答案：C 指导：根据文中第二段中第五行Neithertype of courses seems to give students an understanding“scienceNeither shows students how real scientists work and think”可知C为最佳选项。4. People such as governors, lawyers and business leaders deal with scientists mainly because _.A. scientists are great personsB.scientists make discoveries and apply them to help people live a more comfortable, stable and safe lifeC. they owe much to scientists contribution