【顶尖学案】2020届高考英语 BookⅠ Unit 8 Sports大纲人教版

2020届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版Unit 8Sports体育运动核心词汇1The famous_(运动员) had no advantage to win the game.2The commanding officer put Sergeant Williams in for a _(勋章)for bravery.3Dont wear those clothes to work；try to look more_(职业的)!4A speaker often makes_(手势)with his hands or arms to stress something he is saying.5Using gestures and_(脸部的)expressions can help us better communicate with each other.6The_(座右铭)of the Olympic Games is “Faster，Higher，Stronger”7We need to_(权衡)the advantages against its potential risk of the operation.8What worries us most is the possible negative_(影响) on teenagers by unhealthy net information.9In the _，a great many_from all over the world_for the gold medal.(compete)10He is always _for any unforeseen event of emergency.At present he wants to improve his language skills in _for futher study overseas.(prepare)1.fessional4.gestures5.facial,6.motto7.weigh8.effect 9.competitioncompetitors,competed10.preparedpreparation高频短语1stand _代表，代替，象征，支持2because _ 因为，由于3take _ in 参加4_ ones dream 实现某人的梦想5compete _ 为竞争6would _ 宁愿，宁可7in preparation _ 为做准备8_ hand 用手，手工的1.for2.of3.part4.live5.for6.rather7.for8.by重点句式1_athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.每四年，世界各地的运动员都要参加奥运会。2_watch it_play it.我宁愿观看而不愿去参加。3In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals，_third of all the competing countries.在悉尼奥运会上，中国队共获28枚金牌，在所有的参赛国中金牌总数名列第三。4Yao Ming has_：he also has great skill and speed and he is a team player.姚明不仅仅人高马大，他也具有良好的技术和速度，而且善于与他人打配合。5_，the capital city will make several big changes.为了使它成为有史以来最好的奥运会，首都北京将会有一些大的变化。1.Every four years2.Id rather；than3.ranking4.more than just size5.To make it the best ever Games知识详解1preparevt.准备；预备【教材原句】(P53)The people of Beijing，any of the whole country，will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.北京和全国人民正准备点燃奥运火炬来欢迎来自世界各地的运动员和运动爱好者。Will you please help me prepare for/get everything ready for the party？你能不能帮我为聚会做准备？(2)be (fully/well) prepared to do/for sth.为做好(充分)准备(状态)Not until they got married did they find that they were not well prepared for the coming family life.直到结婚他们才发现自己还没有为即将到来的家庭生活做好准备。make preparations for sth.为做准备in preparation for为做准备be in preparation在准备中思维拓展All the preparations for the task have been completed，and were ready to start.这项任务的所有准备工作都已经完成，我们可以开始了。They are busy making preparations for the wedding.他们正忙着筹备婚礼。即境活用1Upon graduation from college，how well will you_the job that lies ahead?AprepareBprepare forCbe prepared for Dbe preparing答案：C2.(2020年荆州质检)The secretary worked late into the night，_a long speech for the president.Ato be preparing BpreparingCprepared Dwas preparing答案：B2effectn结果；后果；效果；作用；影响【教材原句】(P54)Being the host of the Olympic Games will have good and bad effects on the host city.成为奥运会的举办城市对该城市既有好的也有不好的影响。(牛津P639)I tried to persuade him，but with little or no effect.我试图说服他，但却无济于事。However，they have side effects，which will damage your health.然而它们有副作用，对你的健康有害。Many teachers worry about the effects of television on young people.许多教师担心电视对年轻人的影响。(1)have an effect on/upon对有影响/起作用put/bring/carry into effect实施；使生效take effect开始实行；开始生效come/go into effect开始生效；开始实施be of no effect无效；没有作用；不中用side effect副作用(2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的；给人深刻印象的思维拓展The medicine was of on effect on the patient.这种药对病人无效。The new law will come into effect next month.这项新法律下个月生效。即境活用3As we all know，the latest TV programme has_on the children as_as the old.Aa good effect；good Ba positive effect；wellCa good affect；well Da positive affect；well解析：选B。句意：正如我们所知，最新的电视节目对孩子和老人都产生了积极的影响。have a good effect on对有好的影响；have a positive effect on对有积极的影响。affect是动词，不能用于此短语。第二空处是固定短语as well as，意思是“也，又”。3competevi.竞争；比赛；对抗【教材原句】(P53)Some of the games in which the young men competed were：running，jumping and wrestling.年轻人竞争的一些比赛项目是：跑步、跳跃以及摔跤。compete with/against sb.与某人竞争/比赛compete in参加的比赛compete for为而比赛或竞争competition n.竞争，比赛in competition with sb. for sth.为和(某人)竞争put o competition with使某人与竞争competitor n.比赛者，竞争对手competitive adj.竞争的，有竞争力的思维拓展(牛津P400)We cant compete with them on price.我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。At the Guangdong Asian Games，sportsmen from 47 countries competed in 42 events.在广东亚运会上，来自47个国家的运动健儿在42个项目中展开角逐。(牛津P400)Young children will usually compete for their mothers attention.小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。They found themselves in competition with the people much more experienced than they were.他们发现自己是在和比他们更有经验的人比赛。Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world.没有人能够完全远离这个竞争的社会。即境活用4完成句子(1)在现代社会中一个人不仅要学会与人竞争，同时也要学会与人合作。In modern society，a person should not only learn how to _ but also how to cooperate with others.答案：compete with others(2)在1968年妇女第一次被允许参加奥林匹克射击比赛。Women were first _the Olympic shooting in 1968.答案：allowed to compete in4pointn点；要点；分数；尖端；特定的时刻vt.指向；指出；对准【教材原句】(P55)In his last season with the Shanghai Sharks，Chinese superstar basketball player Yao Ming scored 32.4 points per game.在为上海鲨鱼队服务的最后一个赛季中，中国篮球超级明星姚明每场得分32.4分。(牛津P1527)He pointed to the spot where the house used to stand.他指示那所房子原来所在的地方。(朗文P1569)He got very angry when Emily pointed out his mistake.埃米莉指出他的错误时他非常生气。即境活用5I like Mr.Miners speech；it was clear and_the point.Aat BonCto Dof解析：选C。句意：我喜欢Miner的演讲，比较清楚、中肯。at the point在某一时刻或地点；on the point of就要之时，正要之际；to the point中肯，切中要害。6.Were just trying to reach a point_both sides will sit down together and talk.Awhere BthatCwhen Dwhich解析：选A。考查定语从句关系词的选择。定语从句先行词是地点名词以及situation，case，point等名词时，关系副词用where，强调一个特定的地点或场合。5because of因为，由于的缘故【教材原句】(P50)How many times have the Olympic Games been stopped because of war?由于战争奥林匹克运动会被停止举办多少次了？(朗文P152)Theyre not playing baseball today because of the rain.因为下雨他们今天没打棒球。There are many homeless people because of the earthquake.因为地震，很多人无家可归。He was very angry because of what you said.由于你说的话，他非常生气。【温馨提示】because of和because的区别在于：because of是介词短语，后面只能接名词或代词，而because是从属连词，后面必须接句子。两者可以通过改变句子的结构而换用。The sports meeting had to be put off because of the heavy rain.The sports meeting had to be put off because it rained heavily.由于下大雨，运动会不得不延期举行。即境活用7(2020年高考辽宁卷)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair_he wanted to sit next to his wife.Aalthough BunlessCbecause Dif解析：选C。句意：那位老人请露西换坐另一个椅子，因为他想挨着他妻子坐。本题考查状语从句引导词。由句意分析前后为因果关系，所以选because。A尽管；B除非；D如果。8.The openair celebration has been put off_the bad weather.Ain case of Bin spite ofCinstead of Dbecause of解析：选D。句意：户外庆典由于恶劣的天气被推迟了。in case of万一；in spite of尽管；instead of代替；because of因为。6stand for代表，象征；主张，支持【教材原句】(P50)What do the five Olympic rings stand for?奥林匹克五环代表什么？The letters PRC stand for the Peoples Republic of China.字母PRC代表中华人民共和国。I stand for freedom of speech for everyone regardless of color，race or creed.我主张每个人，不分肤色、种族或信仰，都有言论自由。At this climate conference our government gave in in order to protect the benefits of other developing countries.在气候大会上，为保护其他发展中国家的利益，我国政府作出了让步。He would rather die than give in to enemy.他宁死不屈服于敌人。stand by袖手旁观；坚持；遵守；支持stand out清晰地显出；引人注目；出色；杰出stand on ones own feet自立cant stand doing不能忍受做某事思维拓展The new road sign is easy to read，the words stand out well.新路标容易辨认，上面的字很醒目。Once our three children can stand on their own feet，we will have more time to enjoy our life.一旦我们的三个孩子能够自立了，我们就会有更多的时间去享受生活。即境活用9Yao Mings height makes him_in the crowd and any one can recognize him even in the distance.Astand by Bstand outCstand for Dstand up解析：选B。此题考查动词短语辨析。句意：姚明的身高使他非常引人注目，任何人在远处都能认出他。7take part in参加，参与(活动)【教材原句】(P52)Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.每隔四年，世界各地的运动员都要参加奥运会。I suggest those taking part in the competition should be praised.我建议那些参加比赛的人应受到表扬。Jim saw the new boy watching the game and asked him to take part.吉姆看到新来的男孩在看比赛，就邀请他参加。思维拓展take part in参与，参加play a.part in起的作用for the most part大部分；通常(牛津P1449)How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?有多少国家参加了上届奥运会？Nowadays，the Internet plays an important part in our lives.如今，互联网在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。A lively and caring girl，Anna takes an active part in social activities.安娜是一个活泼又有爱心的女孩，她积极参加社会活动。For the most part，students work to earn money for their own use.多数情况下，学生兼职工作是为了他们自己使用。比较网站join，join in，take part in，attend(1)join指加入某个组织并成为其中一员。join the army/the Party/the League参军/入党/入团(2)join (sb.)in指参与某项活动，口语中常与take part in通用。(3)take part in指参加群众性活动并在其中起积极作用。(4)attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。即境活用10用attend；join；join in；take part in填空。(1)你们中有多少人想参加运动会？How many of you are going to _the sports meet?答案：take part in/join in(2)明天我们去公园，你和我们一道去吗？Well go to the park tomorrow.Will you _us?答案：join(3)他明天要参加一个重要会议。Hell_an important meeting tomorrow.答案： attend句型梳理1【教材原句】(P52)Id_rather watch it than play it.我宁愿观看比赛也不愿参加。I would rather not tell him the truth.我宁愿不对他讲实情。Id rather take the slowest train than go there by air.I would take the slowest train rather than go there by air.我宁愿坐最慢的火车也不愿乘飞机去那儿。I would rather have gone to her birthday party yesterday，but I was too busy.我昨天要是参加她的生日宴会就好了，但我当时太忙了。(1)would rather从句，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。一般过去时表示对现在或将来动作的虚拟；过去完成时表示过去要做而实际没有做的动作。(2)prefer to do rather than do意为“宁愿而不愿”。(3)rather than而不是思维拓展Id rather you took more exercise.You have gained a lot of weight recently.我更希望你多锻炼，最近你体重增加了不少。The girl would rather the teacher had known nothing about the quarrel among students.这个女孩宁愿老师不知道学生们之间争吵的事。I prefer to write to her rather than telephone her.我喜欢写信给她，而不愿打电话给她。He，rather than you，is to blame.是他而不是你该受责备。即境活用11(2020年高考浙江卷)Ittook_building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.It took brains，too.Aother than Bmore thanCrather than Dless than解析：选B。句意：建造这些节能住宅不仅仅需要建筑用品，还需要用脑。more than意为“不仅仅”，修饰名词。other than不同于，除了；rather than宁可也不愿，与其倒不如；less than 不到，少于。2【教材原句】(P53)In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals，ranking third of all the competing countries.在悉尼，中国队获得了28枚金牌，在所有的参赛国家中金牌总数名列第三。【句法分析】ranking.为现在分词短语，在句中作结果状语。The child fell，striking his head against the door.那孩子跌倒了，头撞到了门上。He dropped the coffee cup to the ground，breaking it into pieces.他把喝咖啡的杯子掉在了地上，摔碎