湖南省株洲四中高三英语《非谓语动词》专项练习

湖南省株洲四中高三英语非谓语动词专项练习2. 结合各种句法功能中非谓语动词的具体用法和考点，可以完满解题。非谓语动词具体常考考点如下：作主语的考点：句型：Its +adj./n. +to do和Its no good/no use doing。to do/doing作主语，谓语动词用单数。作表语的考点：句型：ones dream/plan/goal/aim/intention/purpose/ is to do sth.。sth. remain done (某事某物处于状态)/sth. remain to be done(某事某物有待于)。 主语有do，表语可无to，如：What you shoulddo is (to) listen carefully.V-ing形容词作表语，表示事物客观性质特征，“令人的”，V-ed形容词作表语，表示主观心理感受，“感到”，如：exciting/excited。作宾语的考点：记忆：分别只能跟doing或to do作宾语的动词和短语；既能跟doing又能跟to do作宾语且意义有区别的动词和短语；介词只能跟doing作宾语。记忆跟doing主动表被动的动词和短语：need/want/require +doing=need/want/require +to be done；be worth doing=be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done。 wish/intend/plan/mean +to have done表“本打算做却未实现”。but/except/other than可跟to do作宾语，且“有do无to”，如：We had no choice but to wait./We could do nothing but wait.作定语的考点：常考to be done(将被的)/being done (正被)/done(已经被)。有first/last/next/最高级/序数词等修饰的名词，须跟to do作修饰语。sb. have sth. to do表“某人有事要(亲自)做”；sb. have sth. to be done表“某人有事要(让别人)做”。作状语的考点： to do一般作目的状语，“为了”；在固定句型：sb. be +(心情)adj. +to do作原因状语，在sb. be too to do中作结果状语；only +to do表“意料之外的结果”，thus +doing表“自然而然的结果”。doing和done作状语均表状态，一个主动，一个被动。分词相当于形容词，可以直接作状语，表主语所处状态。如：faced with，dressed in。非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。作补语的考点：记忆使役动词和感官动词的宾补：make/let +O +do/done；have +O +do/doing/done；get/leave +O +to do/doing/done；keep/find +O +doing/done；look at /see/watch/notice /observe/listen to /hear/feel +O +do/doing/done。注意：have/get sth. done作使役动词的宾补，常表“使某事被别人做/让他人做某事”；省to不等式“被动还原”，如：be made to do。记忆须用to do作宾补的4个动词：advise/allow/permit/forbid +O +to do；以及须用to do作宾补的其他动词，如：ask/tell/beg/order/wish/warn/+O +to do。记忆产生主补的动词：sb. be made/seen/+to do；sb. be advised/allowed/permitted/ forbidden to do记忆主补句型：sb. be reported/said/+to do=Its reported / said that从句(据)；以及sb./sth. be + adj. +to do (某人/某物具有的性质特征)，此句型中to do主动表被动。非谓语动词考点较多，我们需抓住非谓语动词的基本性质特征和各种句法功能中非谓语动词的具体用法来解题。试看以下高考题解题方法：1. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. (2020北京)A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having解析：思考过程：句子谓语动词是will be，非谓语动词作主语；只有to do和doing可以作主语，排除C；A、B项均表示“比谓语动词动作先发生”，一起排除，故选D。2. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. (2020福建)A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck解析：思考过程：句子谓语动词是系动词remain，非谓语动词作表语；此时，stick的逻辑主语是holidaymakers，二者之间是被动关系，排除A、D； remain stuck表“处于被困住的状态”，remain to be stuck表“有待于被”。根据句意“度假者被困住了”，选B。3. There were many talented actors out there just waiting _. (2020江西)A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered解析：思考过程：句子主干是There were many talented actors out there，结构完整，伴随状语just waiting需非谓语动词作状语；此时discover的逻辑主语是actors，二者之间是被动关系，排除A；最后根据wait to do的搭配，排除C、D，选B。4. So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library. (2020湖南)A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered解析：思考过程：句子主干是nobody has claimed the money，结构完整，非谓语选项作money这个名词的定语；此时discover的逻辑主语是the money，二者之间是被动关系，排除C、D；A、B两项均表被动，discovered表“已被发现的”，to be discovered表“将被发现的”，根据句意“没人认领图书馆里被发现的钱”，选A。5. Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (2020湖南)A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle解析：思考过程：句子主干是Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.，结构完整，非谓语动词作状语；此时struggle的逻辑主语是Dina，二者之间是主动关系，排除B；A、C、D均为主动，而作状语时，having done表示比谓语动词动作先发生。根据句意“Dina为找一个作侍者的工作已奋斗了数月”，选C。6. Listen! Do you hear someone _ for help? (2020湖南)A. calling B. call C. to call D. called解析：思考过程：句子主干是Do you hear someone，结构完整，非谓语动词作宾补，根据hear sb. do/doing/done的结构，排除C；此时call的逻辑主语是someone，二者之间是主动关系，排除D；和B区别在于作hear的宾补时，doing表“正发生的动作”，do表“动作全过程”，根据句意“你听见有人正在呼救吗”，选A。考点归纳：以上例题充分体现了非谓语动词的句法功能，即作各种句子成分时的不同用法。应对策略：我们需要利用非谓语动词基本性质特征和各种句法功能中非谓语动词的具体用法来解题。1. 利用非谓语动词的基本性质特征，有三个基本解题步骤：寻找句子谓语动词V1或主干，确定非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用。在句子中，非谓语动词除了不能作谓语，其他的成分都能作。如下表：非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分主语宾语表语定语状语补语to dodoingdone(2)寻找非谓语动词的逻辑主语，判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系，确定非谓语动词的主/被动形式（逻辑主语发出动作，用主动形式；逻辑主语承受动作，用被动形式）。非谓语动词的逻辑主语可按下表寻找：非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分和相应的逻辑主语主语宾语表语定语状语补语to dofor/of sb.句子主语被修饰词句子主语句子宾语或主语doingsb./onesdone比较非谓语动词动作与谓语动词动作的先、后或同步顺序，确定非谓语动词时间性质。非谓语动词的基本形式及区别如下表：非谓语动词与逻辑主语主/被动关系动作与谓语动词V1动作的时间性对比to do主动将要进行/一次性动作/偶尔发生doing主动正在进行/习惯性动作/经常发生done被动已经/完成非谓语动词的变化形式及区别如下表：被动式及意义进行式及意义完成形式及意义否定形式to be done将要被to be doing将正进行to have doneto have been doingto have been done先于谓语动作发生的动作将not置于非谓语动词整体之前being done正在被doing 正在进行having donehaving been donedone 已经被1. The evidence for the mans crime was difficult to find though _ for a long time by the police.A. sought B. having sought C. being soughtD. having been sought2. My dream is _ a teacher in the future.A. become B. to become C. becomingD. to becoming3. The injured athlete, _ with extraordinary strength from the audiences cheer, rose from the ground.A. filled B. filling C. fill D. to fill4. Most restaurants are open every day, weekend _.A. includingB. included C. being includedD. to include5. _ ashamed, he had his face _ with his hands.A. Feeling; coveringB. Feeling; coveredC. Felt; coveredD. Felt; covering6. They suggested _ a meeting _ the problem.A. holding; to discuss B. holding; for discussingC. to hold; to discuss D. hold; discussing7. _ the teacher, and he will tell you the correct answer.A. Turning toB. Turn to C. If turn toD. If you turn to8. This cell phone is so designed that once _, it will send back a signal to the owner who has another controlling key.A. stolen B. they stolen C. having stolenD. stealing9. Dont leave your homework _ by your classmates.A. doing B. done C. to do D. being done10. He sat there _ to his wife _ the stairs to come back.A. to listen; to climbB. listening; to climb C. listening; climbD. listening; to climbing11. _ on time for the interview next morning, Peter set 3 alarms.A. To be B. Being C. Be D. Having been12. Do you think it any use _ again?A. to try B. trying C. try D. for you to try13. I regret _ you that you are not going to be employed by our company next season.A. informingB. having informedC. to informD. to informing14. I would appreciate _ me during the whole journey.A. you to help B. you help C. your helpingD. youre helping15. I was angry to find that the files I had had _ were in a mess.A. preparedB. to prepared C. preparingD. it to be prepared16. Besides _, she is gentle and intelligent.A. pretty B. being pretty C. she prettyD. is pretty17. I dont want to speak to you, but I _.A. have to speakB. have to C. must speakD. must18. I doubted whether the film was _ worth _.A. very; seeing B. well; being seenC. very; being seenD. well; seeing19. The speaker began by _ us where he was from, and went on _ about his newly-made discoveries.A. telling; talkingB. to tell; to talk C. telling; to talkD. told; talking20.He was ill and had to stay at home with nothing _.A. done B. to be done C. to do D. doing21. Why dont you write the test paper?I have no pen _. Im sorry _ one.A. to write; to forget bringingB. to write with; to forget to bringC. to use with; to have forgotten to bringD. to write with; to have forgotten to bring22. The way they thought _ the problem seemed a little bit cruel.A. of to settleB. to settle C. of settlingD. settle23. Having finished the project, _.A. it was almost 10 oclockB. a man came and inspected our workC. supper had already become coldD. everyone was tired and wanted to have a rest24. _, she was quite popular at the party.A. As she a beautyB. Being a beauty C. According to a beautyD. She was a beauty25. A great many people _ said they were not interested in a pop singers personal life style.A. being question B. to be questionedC. questioned D. questioningKey：1-5 DBABB 6-10 ABABC 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 BBDCC 21-25 DADBC1. When I arrived at the school I saw a notice pinned to the gate _ “Sorry to inform you: school open day has been delayed.”A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading2. _ so serious a disease, he may now not be able to play tennis again.A. Having sufferedB. Suffering C. To sufferD. Suffered3. Doing a lot of exercise is certainly good for old people, but it remains _ whether they can stand it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen4. _ a big rock on the road, the bus pulled up suddenly.A. The driver seeingB. Having seen C. After seeingD. Seeing5. He said he was regretful _ the airplane, so he had to stay there for another week.A. missing B. missed C. to miss D. to have missed6. In 1988, Steven Hawking, an English scientist, wrote a book _ the nature of the universe.A. describe B. described C. describingD. to describe7. Andy never dreams of _ a day when he will lose his parents forever.A. being B. there will be C. there to beD. there being8. _ into many languages, A Brief History of Time is well known to us.A. Having been translated B. To be translatedC. Having translated D. Being translated9. _ himself succeed in a short time, he married a rich woman instead of the girl he really loved.A. Make B. To make C. To have madeD. Making10.He was well-known for _ the Olympic gold medal.A. winning B. being won C. being winningD. win11.In a school _ the students.A. it is important conductingB. it is important to conductC. there is important conductingD. there is important to conduct12.Why were you so early for school today?_ to the school was very swift this morning because of the good traffic.A. Go B. Going C. I go D. That I go13. Last year, the countrys employment rate came closer than ever _.A. to reaching the target goal B. to reach the target goalC. reaching the target goal D. and reach the target goal14. How did you spend your holiday?I had a very good time _ some of the problems with my best friends.A. discussingB. to discuss C. of discussingD. on discussing15.Mum is going to the photographers _.A. to take her photographB. to have her photograph takenC. to have taken her photographD. that takes her photograph16. In the city, many buildings _ sound _very far.A. stop; to travelB. keep; traveling C. prevent; travelingD. cause; to traveling17.Itll do harm to you to lie on the sofa _potato chips.A. eat B. and eatin