福建省岐滨中学高考英语2020届语法复习 简单句习惯用法（无答案）

简单句【要点提示】1、感叹句：感叹句有两个基本句式句式：1）What + N. phrase + subject + be / v. !这里的名词短语有以下三种可能：a、 a / an + adj. + 名词单数 b、adj. + 名词复数 c、adj. + 不可数名词e.g. What a lovely boy he is! What sweet flowers they are!What cold weather it is!2) How + adj. + the + N.(单数、复数、不可数)+ subject + be / link-v.e.g. How lovely the boy is! How sweet the flowers are!How could the weather is! How smooth the silk feels!另：上两种感叹句可以相互转换有时, 在上下文明确的情况下，可以省略How后面的形容词。e.g. How (fast / well)the students work! How well / beautifully)she sings!2、反意疑问句：1) 反意疑问句一般遵循：前面肯定，反意部分否定、前面否定反意部分肯定的原则。e.g. He likes playing football, doesnt he?You dont watch TV in the evening, do you?注：a、当前否后肯时，要注意它的答局的意思。e.g. She doesnt speak English, does she?Yes, she does.(不，她讲英语的) No, she doesnt. (是的，不讲)2）祈使句的反意部分用wont you?/ shant we? 或will you?/ shall we? 但常用will you?/ shall we?e.g Lend me a hand, will you? Let us pass through the room, will you?Dont make any noise, will you? Lets play tennis now, shall we?3）含有否定意思的副词：hardly、no、not、never、seldom、little、scarcely 等，属于准否定词，用于句中时，该句即为否定句。e.g. He hardly goes home on Sundays, does he?The little boy seldom tells lies, does he?但是像unfair、useless、impossible、dislike等词，虽然也有否定意思，但由于它们是在一个词前加前缀dis- / im- / un- 等或在词后加后缀 -less构成的，不属于准否定词。当这些词用于句中时，该句并不是否定句，即：反意部分仍然用否定式。e.g. You dislike the way he speaks, dont you?It is impossible to finish the work in three hours, isnt it?4) must 表示推测时，反意部分用must后面的动词的相应助动词形式。e.g. He must know both English and French, doesnt he?She must have know the answer to the question, hasnt she?They must have visited the farm last week, didnt they?注意：a、Let me引起的祈使句，反意部分用will you? / wont you? / may I。b、当陈述部分的主语是：body或one 构成的不定代词时，反意部分的主语用he或they；是thing 时，用it。c、I am . 的反意部分用arent I?3、双宾语：有些英语动词可以接双宾语，句式为： subject + vt. + sb.(间接宾语)+ sth.（直接宾语） 英语中，能接双宾语的常用动词有：ask、promise、cause、play、leave、make、do、bring、buy、reach、order、teach、offer、serve、show、tell、wish. 。e.g. Can I ask you a question, Sir? She made me a model ship for my birthday.注：带双宾语的句子可以被改为 subject + vt. + sth(直接宾语)+ 介词 + sb. 的形式。其中的介词，常用的有：to、 for、 of .。归纳如下：hand owe pay post promise read return send show teachsth. to sb.boil buy draw choose earn find gather order save sing sth. for sb.ask request demand sth.of / from sb. 另还有：play a joke / trick on sb ; play a game with / against sb.e.g. Excuse me, you demand too much from / of me.May I ask a question of you?4、句型：Subject + link-v. + n. / adj.在该句型中的系动词有特定含义，有“人称、数、时态”等形式变化。常用的有：显得：look , appear , seem变得：become , come , fall , get , go , grow , run , turn持续是：continue , keep , remain , stand , stay听（闻、尝、摸）起来：sound, smell, taste, feel证明是：provee.g. His words proved right. The dish smells wonderful.5、有些动词不表示动作，而表示事物的特性，用主动形式表示被动含义，这类动词有： wash, write, sell, drive, feel, hang.等。e.g. Some pictures are hanging on the wall.This kind of car drive smooth and fast.The pen writes well so sells well.【各个击破】1. _ nice weather it is! Lets go out for a walk, shall we?A. HowB. How aC. What aD. What2. Nothing wrong with it, _?No. Yours is a special-built model. Drive carefully, though. It takes time to run in a new car.A. is itB. has itC. are theyD. is there3. He had little idea that it was getting so late, _?A. didnt heB. wasnt itC. did heD. was it4. Polly must be unhappy without me, _ she?A. mustB. isC. mustntD. isnt5. Im late, _?A. am I B. am not I C. arent I D. arent you6. Lets go to the cinema, _?A. shall weB. will you C. will weD. dont we7. She didnt come to school yesterday, did she? _, though she was not feeling very well.A. No, she didntB. Yes, she didnt C. No, she did D. Yes, she did8. Alice, you feed (喂) the bird today, _ ? But I fed it yesterday.A. do youB. will you C. didnt youD. dont you9. The boy is unlike his mother, _ he?A. isB. isnt C. doesnt D. does10. Do be careful when you cross the street, _ you?A. dontB. arent C. will D. must习惯用法【要点点拨】1. Its the first time that.(从句中用现在完成时)It was for the first time that(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)Its (high) time that.(从句中用过去时或should do)2. Its the same with sb. / So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词）3.be about to do / be doingwhen.正要做/正在做就在那时.4 A is twice / three times as +原级+as BA is twice / three times the n. of B.A is twice / three times +比较级+than B5. I ts a waste of time / money doing / to doIts no use / good doingIts possible / probable / (un) likely that.It makes great / no sense to do做某事很有/没意义6. Theres no use / good doing.Theres no sense / point (in) doingThere is no need for sth. / to do.There is (no) possibility that（同位语从句）7.The+比较级., the+比较级越., 越.注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来时；8. It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb.在某人看来某人.= Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.It seems / looks as if.好象/似乎.9.It (so) happened that sb. .某人碰巧.= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.10.It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed .that sb=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.(注意：这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无hope sb. to do结构)12 .such.that.如此.以致于（引导结果状语从句）.such.as像.的这种(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表)13. Do you mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.?14. The chance is that./ (The )Chances are that.很可能.15.Check / Make sure / See to it / See that.(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必.16. depend on it that.取决于see to it that.负责/设法做到.注意：除了except / but / in等介词可以直接接that从句，其它介词后必须用it做形式宾语；17 It is / was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+thatHow / When / Where / Why is / was it that.?注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接；强调主语时，从句后的谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致；注意与定语从句的区别）18 .How is it that.（这几个句型都表示“怎么会.?” “怎么发生的？”）How come+从句？How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that.?)如:How come you are late again?19. There seems / appears / happens to be / must be / cant be / is (are, was, were) said to be / is (are, was, were) thought to be.表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 据说有/认为有.”介词（如of ）there beingwant / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有.adj. / adv. enough for there to be.足够.会有.注意：there being / there to be为there be的非谓语形式；It is said / thought that there is / are=There is / was / are / were said (thought) to be. 如：I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.It wont be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.20. 疑问词+插入语+陈述语序？Who do you think hell have attend the meeting?21. But for+n. / pron., sb. / sth. would (not) have done.要不是., 某人早就(表示虚拟语气)=If it had not been for.,./ If there had not been ., .22. It won(t) be long be fore +从句（从句中用一般现在时）不久/很久就要.It was (not) long before+从句（从句中用一般过去时）不久/很久才.23. Those who.(从句及主句中谓语动词用复数形式).Anyone who= Whoever.(从句及主句中谓语动词用单数形式)24.主句（一般现在时或过去时）.when从句.(might / should do 或might / should have done) 表示”对比”,意思为 “本该(可)而却”,主句中为陈述语气,从句里为虚拟语气,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该上学的怎么在这儿?He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本该已成功了他却停止努力了.25. There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that(同位语从句,that不可省略)There is / Sb. have some doubt whether.(同位语从句不可用if)Sb. doubt if / whether.Sb. dont doubt that26 . immediately / directly / instantly / the moment +从句on / upon + n. / doingNo sooner had sb. done than .(过去时)Hardly had sb. done when.(过去时)注意：这几个结构都表示“一.就”；27. every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +从句（名词性短语引导一个时间状语句）anywhere / everywhere +从句（相当于wherever引导的地点状语从句）You can go anywhere you like.Next time you come, please bring your son along.28.If only / I wish +从句(用过去类时态) 表示虚拟语气, “要是.就好了” “但愿就好了!”29 .Considering + n. 或 pron. 或 that从句 / Seeing that.考虑到/鉴于.Given + n. / pron作状语,表示 “在有的情况下” “如果有” “假定”,有时也表示”考虑到”Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.30.There was a time when.曾经有那么一度.31.other than与no, not, none等否定词连用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr. Smith.这正是Smith先生.32. Not until.did / do/ does / will sb. doIt was / is not until that sb33.Its (un) like sb. to do / to have done做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人34.It remains to be seen Wh-words .是否.还有待于看.(不用that, if作连接词)35.It only remains for sb. to do剩下的只是要某人做某事.Weve got everything ready. It only remains for you to come to dinner.36.One moment., and now刚才一会儿还在做而现在却.37.Not all / both / everyone表示部分否定38. Such is / are.这(些)就是.(谓语动词单复数由后面名词决定)39. Id rather (not) do / have done我宁愿.Id rather +从句（从句中用过去时或过去完成时）40. Its important / necessary / strange / surprising.+that(用陈述语气或should do)41. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等从句 (it表示后面从句的这种情况)I appreciate it if you will give me a hand.42. By the time +从句（一般现在时/过去时），主句（将来完成时/过去完成时）43., as is often the case with sb. / as is usual with sb.(as引导非限制性定语从句)44 in case / lest / for fear that.(从句中用陈述语气或should do)45.While置于句首可表示As long as 或 AlthoughWhile there is life there is hope.While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.46. can not ( never) too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越越好”“非常”too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do.表示肯定意思I cant thank you enough.我非常感激你.He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to see his father.47. not / neve等表示否定的词与比较级连用表示最高级，如：-Do you agree with his suggestion? -I cant agree more.48. What if.要是.怎么办？What if he doesnt come tomorrow?49. more.than与其.不如.He is more nervous than frightened.50. It is / has been +一段时间+since从句(从句中如为延续性动词,则实际表示的意思相反)It is two years since he drank.他不喝酒已两年了.【各个击破】1. Mr. Smith didnt understand _ made his son so upset this morning.A. what was it B. why it was this C. how that was D. what it was that2. -Did you have a good sleep last night?-Yes, never sleep _.A. badly B. better C. worse D. best3. We are only _ glad to do anything we can _ her.A. too; to help B. very; help C too; help D. very; helping4. -How come you are late for class again?-_.A. Because I missed the bus B. By bus and then on footC. Please excuse me D. Its quite wrong5. _more than 3,000 languages in the world.A. There are thought to be B. There is thought to beC. They are thought to be D. It is thought to be6. -George is a wise person.-But in my opinion, he is _ than wise.A. cleverer B. braver C. more brave D. less brave7. -So can I ask you a few fairly straightforward questions about yourself?-No problem. I like _ when people are open and direct.A. that B. this C. it D. them8. -_I move the picture over here?-I suppose itll look better.A. How if B. What about C. How about D. What if9. China has produced _ this year as it did in 2002.A. as twice much steel B. twice steel as muchC. twice as much steel D. as much steel twice10.-_was it _ you discovered the secret of his?-Totally by chance.A. How; when B. What; that C. What; when D. How; that11.-Who on earth could it be?-It was _ other than Clint Eastwood.A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobody12._his age, he did it quite well, so dont _ him any mo