辽宁省大连市2020届高三英语第一次模拟考试试题（含解析）

辽宁省大连市2020届高三英语第一次模拟考试试题（含解析）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKnowing what to do at checkout and properly preparing for it can turn a potentially heated situation into a quick thank you and goodbye. Below we made a list of five things you should remember at hotel checkout.Don,t be late to checkHotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late. If you know you won,t make the cutoff time, it never hurts to call ahead and try to negotiate away a potential charge.Don,t forget to double check the room and safeMake sure you don,t leave things behind. If you have an early flight or checkout time, pack up as much as you can the night before so that last-minute rush isn,t too annoying. Also, be sure to take out anything in the room safe.Don,t forget to tip the housekeepersIt,s always polite to leave some money for the people keeping your room clean.Don,t ignore the detailed billYou may be in a rush, but give the detailed bill a careful look to see if the hotel charge is different from the rate you initially booked.Don,t get angryShouting at the assistant manager standing behind the front desk probably won,t help when dealing with an unexpected item on the bill. Think about how difficult it can be to deal with annoyed customers. Keep calm and things may be solved(解决) better and sooner.1. The hotel will charge you more money if you .A. check before cutoff timeB. do not call the hotel aheadC. are late in checking outD. negotiate with the clerks2. Which of the following does the author suggest doing?A. Leaving something behind.B. Being sure to keep the room clean.C. Doing the pack-up as early as possible.D. Tipping the housekeepers to show respect.3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the passage?A. To suggest a way to solve problems properly.B. To provide more information about the hotel.C. To show the uneasiness of assistant managers.D. To protect customers from unnecessary dangers.4. In which section of the magazine can you probably find such a passage ?A. Travel.B. Nature.C. Lifestyle.D. Fitness.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A【解析】本文属于说明文，主要介绍如何顺利退房的一些技巧以及退房过程中需要注意的一些事情。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Hotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late.可知，如果退房迟了半个小时，宾馆会收取一笔特别高的费用，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Its always polite to leave some money for the people keeping your room clean.可知，给那些帮你打扫房间的人一些小费是对别人的礼貌，故选D。【3题详解】写作意图题。根据最后一段Keep calm and things may be solved(解决) better and sooner.可知，本段阐述，如果与宾馆服务员产生冲突，应该保持冷静，这样事情才能更好更快解决，故选A。【4题详解】文章出处题。根据文章开头Below we made a list of five things you should remember at hotel checkout.本文主要介绍如何顺利退房的一些技巧，故可知，本文主要涉及旅游方面，故选A。BEmilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon-a total lunar eclipse (月蚀)-on the roof of their house.Now a seventh-grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed-Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.Dobeks design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or Self-Crowing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobeks design. A simulation (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual (虚拟的) reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions.” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do they should push for it and always try their best.”5. Dobek first became interested in apace when .A. she was still a seventh-graderB. she studied at a junior high schoolC. she lived on the top of their houseD. she watched an eclipse of the moon6. Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because .A. she knew Dobek liked challenges in lifeB. she had no other students interested in MarsC. Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronautsD. she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance7. What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?A. The environment on Mars.B. The safety of the supplies.C. The activities for astronauts.D. The comfort of the astronauts.【答案】5. D 6. D 7. D【解析】本文属于新闻，介绍一个中学生从小对太空和宇宙感兴趣，在老师的鼓励下，设计了帮助宇航员去火星的一些科学设备。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Emilia Dubcek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon - a total lunar eclipse(月蚀)- on the roof of their house.可知，Emilia Dubcek对太空和宇宙感兴趣是在三年级，与父亲在屋顶一次看月食的时候，故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”可知，老师知道她喜欢这个挑战，能够超越自己的研究，故可以知道，老师相信Dubcek能够做出更好的研究，故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.可知，她的设计不仅确保宇航员的安全，还要保证宇航员的舒适生活，故选D。CIt is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?A. The large number of poor families.B. The disapproval from children.C. The late start of the program.D. The long period of time.9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ?A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.B. It helped the children return to the same home.C. It made the children improved in many aspects.D. It gave the parents advice on their development.10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performance ?A. The number of family members.B. The parent-child communication.C. The intelligence of their parents.D. The teacher-student relationship.11. How does the author develop the passage ?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving examples.D. By drawing conclusions.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B【解析】本文属于说明文，为了研究促进贫穷家庭孩子智力发展，分别进行了Headstart和Missouri项目进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late.可知，结果不佳，因为项目开始的太晚了，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.可知，参加了“Missouri“项目的孩子，在语言发展、问题解决和其他智力技能方面都比同龄人要高级，故可知，这个项目在多个方面让孩子提升很多，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.可知，影响孩子发展的一个因素就是父母与孩子之间交流的质量很差，而这种交流在家庭经济情况较差的家庭不一定就不如人，故可知，父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的发展，故选B。【11题详解】写作策略题。根据文章可知，本文分别举了Headstart和Missouri项目对孩子的发展进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育，故可知，作者写这篇文章是通过对这两个项目进行对比的，故选B。DWilliam I, who conquered England some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水马桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草机). How did he get by ?History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windows, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldn,t buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you,d think I,d be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that of living persons: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed I feel toward my friend Howard,s new kitchen is not reduced by the fact no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about. You,d think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too.Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many investments bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers, fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby. I can,t keep up with my neighbors right now. But just wait.12. What does the underlined phrase “get by” in the first paragraph mean ?A. Succeed as a king.B. Deal with complaints.C. Live in s satisfactory way.D. Get some extra money.13. How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present ?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5D. 614. According to the passage, the author. intends to .A. tell us to be content with lifeB. warn us to live in a simple wayC. teach us to learn lessons from lifeD. encourage us to struggle for wealth15. What,s the author,s attitude towards life ?A. Doubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Uncaring.D. Cautious.【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】本文属于议论文，无论一个人多么的富有，但是用未来人的角度来看，其生活质量都不是很好的，因此作者建议大家要对未来充满信心，也要满足当下的生活。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水马桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草机).可知，尽管威廉一世在他那个时代很富有，但是他没有像抽水马桶、除草机这一类的东西，通过How did he可知，他是怎样生活的呢？可知推出get by的意思是通过，过得去，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。本文提及了William I威廉一世，Croesus克罗伊斯，Alexander the Great亚历山大大帝，Czar Nicholas沙皇尼古拉斯共计4个历史人物，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice.可知，获得幸福的一种方式就是意识到，即使按照今天的生活标准，我拥有的东西都很不错，作者认为获得幸福感在于对当前拥有的东西感到满意，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers, fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby.用未来一两个世纪的人的标准来看今天，不管是银行家绚丽的工作台面还是我家的装饰材料都相当寒碜，故可知，作者认为生活会随着时代的发展而进步，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. _16_ Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.To Remember: New wordsTechnique: Change routineIn a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room ant some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. _17_ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.To Remember: Your PINTechnique: Count it outYou could use your birthday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. _18_ Write a four- wort sentence. Then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” =4223.To Remember: FacesTechnique: Focus on nosesWhite some super memorizes specialize in associating names with faces, the memory-palace technique doesnt work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a persons nose. _19_To Remember: Facts & figuresTechnique: _20_To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If its a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session.A. value examsB. Give yourself timeC. This allows you to take in their whole face.D. Their brain structures are in fact the same as the rest of ours.E. Instead, try this tip from Dominic, an eight-time World Memory Champion.F. The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you.G. Studies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help.【答案】16. D 17. G18. E 19. C20. B【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍记忆不同事物建议的不同记忆技巧。【16题详解】根据前一句In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information.可知，在神经学杂志最近发布的文章里，研究人员发现超级记忆者没有更大大脑区域来允许他们记忆很多信息，D选项，他们的大脑结构跟我们其他人一样，承接上文，切题，故选D。【17题详解】根据后一句That includes the time of day, the music in the background , whether you sit or stand, etc.可知，包括记忆的时间，音乐背景，以及你是否是站着还是坐着等，G选项，改变环境的不同因素也能帮助记忆，后一句是对本句的阐述，切题，故选G。【18题详解】根据后一句Write a four-word sentence, then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” = 4223.可知，写一个四个单词的句子，数每个单词的字母数，比如，This is my PIN每个单词的分别包含4个、2个、2个、3个字母，E选项，尝试Dominic的技巧，八次获得世界记忆冠军，后一句具体阐述记忆的方法，切题，故选E。【19题详解】根据前一句Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a person,s nose.可知，不要关注别人的眼镜，正如大多数做的一样，关注一个人鼻子的中部或者左部，C选项，这会让你记住整张脸，阐述前一句的意义和影响，切题，故选C。【20题详解】根据本段第一句To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one.可知，学习和记忆数据，长时间反复记忆比短时间记忆更有效，故可知，本段介绍记忆数据和事实性知识需要的技巧在于反复记忆，B选项，给自己一些时间，切题，故选B。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his _21_ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious (宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to _22_ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my father in-law _23_ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, _24_ our family into a more terrible state.In these circumstances I have two mental _25_: either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or _26_ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about self-confidence and consistency, and _27_ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am _28_ today will build up my _29_ . My strengths will then increases my confidence and make me a good times make me a _30_ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are part of _31_ . While good times make me happy, bad times _32_ the inner me.Two months later, _33_ , I have finally landed on a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wifes mental stress _34_ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still _35_ !As I am back on the track of normal life, I can _36_ say that the most important things that