（全国卷Ⅰ）2020届高三英语开学摸底大联考试题（通用）

（全国卷）2020届高三英语开学摸底大联考试题注意事项 :1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）请听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题，每段对话读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.18 C. 9.151. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A news report. B. The mans work. C. Their favorite physicist.2. What does the man like about the new restaurant?A. The food B. The service C. The environment3. What will the weather be like tomorrow?A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Windy.4. What is the woman doing?A. Taking a taxi. B. Giving the man a lift. C. Driving to Times Square.5. What will the woman probably do before eight?A. See a movie. B. See a doctor. C. Visit a friend.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Old schoolmates. B. Wife and husband. C. Teacher and student.7. What does the woman do?A. A school doctor. B. A college teacher. C. A bookstore owner.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. When will the man arrive at the airport tomorrow morning?A. At about 9. B. At about 10. C. At about 11.9. What will the man do in France?A. Go to the seaside. B. Visit some museums. C. Tour around the city by bus.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How will the boys team go to the university?A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By underground.11. What is the boys favorite subject?A. Biology. B. Physics. C. Chemistry.12. What are the first prizes for the competition?A. Cups. B. Special T-shirts. C. Desk lamps.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. At school. C. At a restaurant.14. Who does the girl usually talk to when she is upset?A. Her friends. B. Her parents. C. Her teachers.15. Where does the girl like to talk with her friends?A. In a caf. B. In a classroom. C. In a shopping centre.16. What does the man advise the girl to do?A. Shop with her friends.B. Give the form to her teacher.C. Get in touch with her friends often.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What does the speaker find on Sardinia?A. Most men live very long.B. Most men are treated unfairly.C. Most men like to stay at home.18. What does the speaker think of older mens life on Sardinia?A. Colourful. B. Relaxing. C. Uncomfortable.19. What does the speaker say about young people from Sardinia?A. They do sports quite often.B. They mostly eat healthy food.C. They leave home and live in cities.20. Why is the speaker giving this speech?A. To tell us what hes found in his research.B. To introduce a special place in Italy.C. To encourage a healthy lifestyle.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 ( 共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分 )阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中 , 选出最佳选项。AWant to kick off your spring with some culture? Fortunately，exceptional art exhibitions are in full-bloom this month，making March a perfect time to step into a museum.Hockney-Van Gogh: The Joy of NatureFor months，weve been looking forward to Hockney-Van Gogh: The Joy of Nature a landmark exhibition at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. It highlights Van Goghs influence on David Hockney.It is on view until May 26，2020.The Tale of Genji: A Japanese Classic IlluminatedAre you familiar with The Tale of Genji? The Tale of Genji is widely praised for its witty humor and memorable characters，making it a perfect muse for creatives. The Metropolitan Museum and The Japan Foundation present The Tale of Genji: A Japanese Classic Illuminated at The Met Fifth Avenue.It is open until June 16，2020.Rembrandt PortraitsRembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was called a “magician” by Vincent van Gogh. This month，if youre in the Chicago area, you can see whyRembrandt Portraints, a highly-anticipated exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago，is finally open.It closes on June 9，2020.Leonardo da Vinci: A life in DrawingLeonardo da Vinci died on May 2. The Royal Collection Trust is putting on Leonardo da Vinci: A Life in Drawing. For this once-in-a-lifetime spectacle, 12 institutions across the United Kingdom flock there.You can find a full list of dates and venues for Leonardo da Vinci: A Life in Drawing on the Royal Collection Trust website. Click here.21.Which museum will you go if you are interested in Japanese culture?A. Van Gogh Museum.B. The Met Fifth Avenue.C. The Art Institute of Chicago.D. Any museum in the United Kingdom.22.Who was thought highly of by Vincent van Gogh?A. Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn.B. Leonardo da Vinci.C. David Hockney.D. Genji.23.Which exhibitions opening time is unclear ？A. The Tale of Genji : A Japanese Classic Illuminated.B. Hockney-Van Gogh: The Joy of Nature.C. Leonardo da Vinci: A life in Drawing.D. Rembrandt Portraits.BWell，Im really honored and appreciate that your press has published a 10th anniversary edition of Tinkers（小炉匠）. You know，Tinkers is actually based on the facts from my family history. The watch-night ( 守夜 ) at the deathbed of George Crosby, one of the novels main characters，is also founded in the facts of my own grandfathers passing.Each step in writing the fiction was straightforward and concrete，but increasingly，the pursuit of each next logical thing led to something unanticipated and entirely unexpected. But of course, a big, early task was to figure out how to grow the story from a few factual seeds into a self-supporting work of fiction, that is, how to translate the story from what really happened to you into a literary one with your creativity.Let me show you. One day，when I got to the end of a paragraph，I was confused by how to continue. I suddenly heard someone running through his living room. Then I simply asked myself, What would have happened? I wrote about the patter ( 吧嗒声 ) lengthening and widening. I asked，What would happen next? And next? And then? I simply broke the elements of the scene and images in the most literal, concrete terms.At its best，writing feels selfless, as if the world is expressing itself and I am merely its secretary, taking dictation. The excitement of such experiences is that they produce elegance and beauty，which is a method of revelation.24.Where is the material of Tinkers mainly from?A. The writers grandparents life.B. George Crosbys personal life.C. The writers real-life experiences.D. The main characters daily routines.25.According to the author，what was primary for writing the book?A. How to make a self-convincing explanation.B. How to sow a few seeds of the story briefly.C. How to translate the work into other language.D. How to turn factual truth into a literary one creatively.26.Whats the writers point of view about writing?A. Writing a book is very difficult and selfless.B. A secretary can write a book easily.C. A writer should express the real world.D. Writing can reveal the beauty of the world.27.Where can we probably see this passage?A. An interview.B. A concert review.C. A survey.D. A novel.CThe term“smiling depression”appearing happy to others while actually suffering depressive symptoms（症状）has become increasingly popular. In fact, many people who experience a low mood and a loss of pleasure in activities manage to hide their condition in this way. And these people might be particularly easy to suicide.While smiling depression is not a technical term that psychologists use，it is certain to be depressed and manage to successfully mask the symptoms. The closest technical term for this condition is “atypical depression”. It can be very hard to spot people suffering depression because they may seem like they dont have a reason to be sad they have a job, an apartment and maybe even children or a partner. They smile when you greet them and can carry pleasant conversations. In short, they often put on a mask to the outside world while leading seemingly normal and active lives. Inside, however, they often feel hopeless and down, sometimes even having thoughts about ending it all.People with smiling depression put on a happy face to the outside world, but they can experience a lift in their mood as a result of positive occurrences in their lives. Other symptoms of this condition include overeating, feeling a sense of heaviness in the arms and legs and being easily hurt by criticism or rejection. They are also more likely to feel depressed in the evening and feel the need to sleep longer than usual. With other forms of depression, however, your mood might be worse in the morning and you might feel the need for less sleep than you are normally used to.So how can they break this circle? A starting point needs to be known that this condition actually exists and that its serious. Only when we stop ignoring our problems because we think theyre not serious enough can we start making an actual difference. Then we can find purpose by taking the attention away from ourselves and placing it onto something else. Feeling that our lives matter is finally what gives us purpose and meaning and this can make a significant difference for our mental health and well-being.28.What do we know about people suffering smiling depression?A. They are wearing masks all day.B. They are difficult to get along with.C. They lead an abnormal life actually.D. Most of them commit suicide.29.What does the underlined word “atypical” in paragraph 2 mean?A. representativeB. commonC. hiddenD. formal30.Compared with smiling depression, people suffering other depressions.A. may feel sleeplessB. feel more depressed in the eveningC. are tired of heaviness in the armsD. may eat more food31.What can we do to overcome smiling depression?A.Never talk about smiling depression and ignore its existence.B.Admit the condition and pay attention to ourselves.C.Value the importance of our life and enjoy it.D.Find out the problem and place it onto somebody else.DResearchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid， making it much easier to store.Carbon capture isnt new, but previous methods call for the gas to be compressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and cost-effective plan for transforming CO2 into coal.This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst( 催化剂 )that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2 gas is the dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored.What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it comes to carbon storage.In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode（ 焊 条 ）, which opens up a world of possibilities. “A side benefit of the process is that the carbon can hold electrical charge, becoming a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles,” explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. “The process also produces fuel as a by-product, which could also have industrial applications.”32. What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods?A. People have to injected liquid to the gas.B. The previous methods can be done easily.C. The previous methods are not very popular.D. People have widely accepted previous methods.33.What is the special part of the new method?A.It needs electricity to make the process efficient.B.It can be done in any kind of container.C.It doesnt need extreme temperature.D.It can produce much solid carbon.34.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The method will make fossil oil disappear.B.The method will influence the future industry.C.The method will make developed countries more powerful.D.The method will be used to make new vehicles.35.What is the best title for the passage?A. How to change carbon into CO2.B. A new carbon capture technology.C. A new technology to get useful carbon.D. Australia makes the world cleaner than before.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。These tips on how to deal with controlling parents will help you see your situation differently.Identify controlling behaviors. Some parents are demanding of their children. 36 . People who are controlling will use certain strategies to control others. Some signs your parents may be controlling include: Criticizing you constantly about some small things, such as your appearance, your manners, or your choices.37. It isnt likely that you can totally break away from a controlling situation in one move. You will need an action plan that is realistic to start making your own decisions. The plan could start with something as simple as telling yourself every day that you are in control to start building your confidence.Cut financial ties with your parents. If you have the ability to make your own money, separate your finances from your parents. It might be difficult, but you need to pay your own bills, buy your own things, and budget for yourself .38 .Restrict yourself from asking for favors from your parents. Asking a favor of your parents puts them in the position to bargain . 39. While this isnt naturally bad, it can quickly lead to you giving up your decision making power to them. Ask friends or other family members if you need help.Repair the relationship. You need to tell your parents how you feel and why you became distant in the relationship . 40 . For example, if your parents are constantly criticizing your career choice, then try making a joke about it by saying something like, “Note to self. Career does not please mother. Got it. Anything else?”A. Make an objective action planB. Accept responsibility for your actionsC. But this does not always mean that they are controllingD. Using humorous language can be an effective way to deal with controlling peopleE. If you want them to fulfill your need，youll have to do something in returnF. Calmly and respectfully inform them that they are crossing the lineG. Not only will this make you more responsible, it will also reduce the grasp of controlling parents第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning. Though I knew who was calling, I 41 reached for the telephone. I was a new supply 42 struggling to support my young family. Each morning I waited for a(n) 43 that would take me to a different 44 that day. The last three of them had all been intended to 45 the teacher and see just how much bad 46 he/she could deal with. I had responded by being 47 and angry with the students. I didnt really want to go to48that morning then, especially since it was my 49 .Still, I answered the phone and took the 50. My family needed the money and I couldnt afford to be51 . As I was driving to work, however, I decided that I was going to 52 again to be the best teacher I could be. 53school started, the students treated me as their former teachers and once again were ready to see what they could 54 . This time，though, I was still firm but55 with them. I did my best to make the lessons fun. I shared smiles，56 their hard work, and encouraged their efforts. The effect was amazing. My uncontrollable classroom was soon 57 . Students were laughing and learning and I finally felt like I was doing my job 58 . I went home happily and 59 the rest of my birthday with my family.Every day we are given another60to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy，and to make this world a better place. Every morning arises and begins once again to be the best of you.41.A. directlyB. anxiouslyC. slowlyD. carefully42.A. instructorB. playerC. lawyerD. manager43.A. busB. callC. opportunityD. result44.A. cityB. worldC. classroomD. factory45.A. testB. spyC. promoteD. free46.A. languageB. teachingC. behaviorD. equipment47.A. concernedB. annoyedC. familiarD. associated48.A. sleepB. collegeC. churchD. work49.A. birthdayB. festivalC. dayD. holiday50.A. messageB. titleC. jobD. gift51.A. ordinaryB. stubbornC. modestD. picky52.A. runB. startC. playD. conduct53.A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If54.A. get away withB. add toC. make up forD. build up55.A. upsetB. strictC. contentD. fair56.A. feltB. statedC. praisedD. understood57.A. finishedB. transformedC. occupiedD. calmed58.A. aloneB. firstC. everD. right59.A. enjoyedB. sharedC. sparedD. consumed60.A. promiseB. chanceC. confidenceD. success第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Homes around the country are getting a lot smarter. And according to Digital Trends，more and more people 61._(introduce) Internet-connected devices into their homes. So whats