河北省邢台市2020年中考英语二轮复习 完形填空讲义

完形填空一、完形填空的特点1.以考查考生对短文理解的题型增多。2.考查动词、形容词和副词用法与辨析的比例在逐渐加大。3.对连词的考查题也在增加，主要考查考生对行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联词的理解。4.对时态和冠词用法的考查在逐年减少。二、完型填空解题技巧1.细读首句，推测意图。答题时，应先细读首句，越过空挡通读全文，整体理解大意，找出信息词。完形填空题的取材大多是记文（也有夹叙夹议的文章），但是无论内容怎么变，文章取材的首句，都会说明很多重要信息，例如：时间、地点、人物等等，所以首句一定要读懂，读透。2.通读全文，掌握大意。做英语完形填空时，必须要看完全文，掌握全文的大致思想或者说理解了文章的意思，才能去答题，如果只看一句填一句，那么你很难获得高分，因为一句话的意思并不能代表整篇文章。3.结合上下文，初定答案。通读全文后，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位、前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案；第一遍做出三分之一，先确定有把握的答案。第二遍逐个解决时，注意后线索的现象。4.先易后难，前后照应。任何答题都一样有简单又难题，完形填空也一样的，所以不必拘泥于其中的又难度的问题，先回答简单的，难的可以先略过，回答完下面的简单之后，再联系全文，判断或者思考其中那个有难度的如何来回答。5.复读全文，核查答案。（1）检查上下文的一致性：即时态、语态的一致，代词、名词、单复数的一致。（2）检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语、固定搭配、句型词组是否符合习惯。（3）检查上下文的连贯性：及凭借语感，按照上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。这是检查中至关重要的一环，往往能纠正一处甚至多处错误 英语完形填空是一种包含了多种答题技巧的思维过程，涉及面 很广，牵涉到英语的词汇、句法等等，更包含了一些历史和社会文化，要想提高完形填空的能力，是必须要大量的阅读和长期的阅读训练才能达到的。三、实例点拨请根据下面短文内容， 在短文后面的四个选项中选择一个能填入空白处的最佳答案。Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, _1_ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn_2_? It is not_3_to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their _4_. Many people learn English because it is_5_intheir work. Some young people learn English_6_their higher studies because some of their books are_7_English. Other people learn English because they want to _8_newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to _9_ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very_10_in our life (生活).1. A. all B. the other C. both D. other2. A. English B. Chinese C. maths D. Japanese3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice4. A. books B. classes C. schools D. subjects (科目)5. A. good B. useful (有用的) C. fine D. pleased6. A. for B. of C. to D. from7. A. in B. with C. at D. of8. A. look B. see C. look at D. read9. A. go B. work C. like D. come10. A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful答题分三步：第一步： 通览全文通过通览全文，便知本文讲述许多人学习英语。学习英语的人年龄不同，目的各异。第二步： 逐项填空本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。1. 选B。some.other(s).意思是 一些 另一些(泛指) ； some.the other(s).意思是一些另一些(特指)。由语境可知，在学英语的学生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。2. 选A。根据上下文可知是English。3. 选B。由文章内容来看，人们学习英语的原因多种多样，因此回答为什么那么多人学习英语这个问题并不容易。4. 选D。由常识可知， English 是学生学习的科目(subject)之一。5. 选B。根据前后文意可知许多人学习英语，那是因为English 在他们的工作中很有用(useful)。6. 选A。本题属于介词用法辨析。介词for 在此可表示目的、原因。7. 选A。in English 是习惯搭配。8. 选D。 读报英语习惯说read newspapers。9. 选B。根据语境及句子结构，有些人学习英语或想出国(go to a country)或想在这些国家工作(work in a country)。10. 选D。末句点题， 英语在我们生活中是很有帮助的(helpful) 。第三步： 复读检验将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，如果语句通顺，语意清楚，便结束本题，转做其它试题。四、 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分） 1.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力) management. He raised a glass of water and asked them, How 41 do you think this glass of water is?The students began to think and 42 . Their answers are different, from 20g to 500g.It does not matter on the real 43 . It depends on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a 44 it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to call a 45 . It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes. What we have to do is to put the glass down, 46 for a while before holding it up again.If we carry our burdens (ffi.1E!) 47 sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on. Theburden will become increasingly heavier. We have to 48 the burden every now and then, so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.So 49 you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Dont cariy it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.Whatever burdens you have, let them d wn for a moment if you can. And learn to 50ourselves.Life is short but amazing. Enjoy it!41. A. heavy B. fullC. much D. long42. A. read B. watch C. guess D. listen43. A. glass B. weight C. water D. height44. A. minute B. night C. day D. week45. A. mother B. teacher C. doctor D. friend46. A. rest B. shake C. look D. work47. A. this time B. some other time C. next time D. all the time48. A. give up B. put down C. pick up D. think about4l-45 ACBAC 46-50 ADBCD 2、完形填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。I was flying to New York at night. Suddenly, a storm broke and the plane began to be tossed(颠簸) around.When I looked 36 the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid. The future seemed terrible and many were 37 if they would make it through the storm.Then , I 38 saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 39 to her. She sat on her seat reading a book. Sometimes she closed her eyes, then she would read again, with no 40 or fear in her eyes. When the other passengers were scared(惊恐的) half to death, that child was completely calm and 41 . I couldnt believe my eyes.When the plane finally reached New York, I was not surprised to 42 that all the passengers were hurrying to come out. I stopped and spoke to the girl whom I had 43 for such a long time. I asked 44 she had not been afraid.The child replied, “My daddy is the 45 , and he is taking me home.”36A. at B. around C. up D. into37. A. wondering B. expecting C. dreaming D. realizing 38. A. probably B. luckily C. suddenly D. certainly39. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing40. A. pride B. worry C. anger D. regret41. A. unafraid B. nervous C. active D. tired42. A. say B. hear C. find D. think43. A. known B. watched C. helped D. protected44. A. whether B. how C. when D. why45. A.guard B. driver C. pilot D. traveller36-40. BACDB 41-45. ACBDC3.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。The first note I ever wrote for my mother said“Hi，Mom！Have a nice day！Love，Marie！”I was twelve when I wrote it，and I folded the 16 into her change purse（零钱包）.My mother worked as a cleaner in a clothing factory. I knew that when she 17 meals in the dining hall，she would have to look for change in her purse. I didnt know that she wouldee 18 that note，and always carry it with her.From the day that I 19 folded the small piece of paper into my mothers change purse，she and I left each other 20 notes. They would be put in the fridge，under a lamp，or beside the TV set. I 21 found one hidden in my shoe. From the outside，our notes may have been general 22 of our days，ideas and wishes. But to my mother and 23 ，they were a lifeline-a communication with each other that no one else 24 On October 20，2020，my mother died after a long illness. I stood near her bed， 25 her hand. I didnt cry the day my mom died， 26 I didnt cry a week later when I went to collect her things. I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and 27 Recently，I found a note that my mom. had 28 meIt had been hidden in the 29 of my favorite childhood book for years. It read“Dear Marie，I love you always.Miss you a lot. Dont forget me. Be 50 ！Love，Mom”That day，I cried.16. A. note B. book C. diary D. letter 17. A. prepared B. gold C. bought D. cooked18. A. forget B. keep C. lose D. pick19. A. carefully B. wisely C. quickly D. carelessly20. A. big B. funny C. secret D. beautiful21. A. hardly B. never C. even D. seldom22. A. programs B. courses C. excuses D. records23. A. her B. me C. him D. us24. A. shared B. believed C. promised D. remembered25. A. reaching B. watching C. pushing D. holding26. A. and B. but C. or D. because27. A. gifts B. pains C. dialogs D. mistakes28. A. lent B. sent C. passed D. left29. A. lines B. poems C. pages D. pictures30. A. serious B. happy C. patient D. strict1620 A C B A C 2125 C D B A D 2630 A B D C B 4.完形填空（20分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。在短文后各小题所给的四个选项中选出能填入相应空格处的最佳选项。Foot ball is, I do think, the most favorite game in England ：One has only to go to one of the important 41 to see this. Rich and poor, young and old, one can see them all there, 42 for one side or the 43 . To a stranger（陌生人）,one