浅析我国发展国际保理存在的问题及对策 英文文献及翻译

HOWDOESOURCOUNTRYDEVELOPPOSITIVELYINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEISONEKINDOFCREDITADMINISTRATIONANDTHEFINANCINGMETHODSTEMSFROMENGLISH“FACTORING”,FROMUSEDTHESCOPETOBEPOSSIBLETODIVIDEINTODOMESTICGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEANDINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEISREFERSTOTHEEXPORTERTOPUTONSOMEBODYSACCOUNT,WHENWAYSELLGOODSANDSOONINVOICE,BUSINESSBUYSUPTHEEXPORTERTHEACCOUNTRECEIVABLE,ANDPROVIDESTHEFUNDTOALLOWTEMPORARYCREDIT,THEIMPORTERCREDITAPPRAISAL,THESALESACCOUNTMANAGEMENT,THECREDITRISKSGUARANTEE,THECREDITTORECEIVEAFTERDUNNINGANDSOONASERIESOFSERVICECOMPREHENSIVEFINANCIALSERVICEWAYNOWHASBECOMETHEHOTSPOTWHICHGRADUALLYTHEECONOMICWORLD,THEFINANCIALCIRCLESPAYATTENTIONFIRST,INTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEAPPLICATIONSUPERIORITYANDTHETRADITIONALMETHODOFSETTLINGACCOUNTSCOMPARES,INTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETOTHEEXPORTER,THEIMPORTERANDBANKFACTORHASITSAPPLICATIONSUPERIORITYONESPEAKINGOFTHEEXPORTER1,GUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETOPROVIDETHECONVENIENCEWHICHORTHEPROCESSINGPOSTSALESUPERVISORYWORKFORTHEEXPORTERTHEFUNDALLOWSTEMPORARYCREDIT,REDUCESITSUNPRODUCTIVEDISBURSEMENT,AFTERDOCUMENTARYEVIDENCEOUTRIGHTSALEFORBANK,SOLONGASFACTORITSCOMMERCIALQUALITYANDTHECONDITIONSOFDELIVERYGOODSCONFORMTOTHECONTRACTPROVISION,MAYOBTAIN100EXCHANGEEARNINGSAFEGUARDINBEINGWITHOUTRECOURSEGUARANTEESUNDERTHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,THECOMPLETECREDITRISKANDTHEEXCHANGERATERISKFORWARDTOTHEBANKTOUNDERTAKEMAYCAUSETHEEXPORTERTHROUGHTHISWAYINTHELIMITOFCREDITWHICHFACTORAPPROVES,ELIMINATESTHERISKWHICH,BECAUSETHEBUYERPROTESTSTHELOANSORTHEBANKRUPTCYGOOUTOFBUSINESSCREATETHECREDITWHICHISUNABLETOTAKEBACK2,THEEXPORTERMAYTHROUGHPROVIDEHAVETHECOMPETITIVEPOWER,MOREADVANTAGEOUS0/A,D/AORDTHE/PPAYMENTTERMS,INCREASESTRADESTHESUCCESSFULOPPORTUNITY,DEVELOPSTHEOVERSEASMARKET,THEEXPORTEXPANSIONTRADESHARETWOSPEAKINGOFTHEIMPORTER1,INTERNATIONALGUARANTEEDTHEPRINCIPLETOSAVETHEIMPORTERTOAPPLYTOTHEBANKTODRAWUPTHELETTEROFCREDITANDTHEPAYMENTEARNESTMONEYPROCEDUREANDTHEEXPENSE,SIMPLIFIEDTHEIMPORTANDEXPORTPROCEDURE,RAISEDTHEEFFICIENCYTHEIMPORTERMAYDEPENDONITSPRESTIGEANDTHEGOODFINANCIALPERFORMANCEOBTAINSTHEBUYERSCREDIT,DOESNOTNEEDTOMORTGAGE2,INTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETOCAUSETOSELLONCREDITINTOPOSSIBLY,THEIMPORTERUSESD/AORTHEO/APREFERENTIALBENEFITPAYMENTMETHOD,ENABLESTHELIMITEDFUNDTOOBTAINTHEFULLUSE,THEACCELERATIONTURNOVEROFCAPITAL,INCREASESTHETRADEACCESSFORIT3RD,THEBUYERHASRECEIVEDTHECARGOBEFORETHEPAYMENT,HASTHETIMEANDTHEOPPORTUNITYINSPECTGOODSWHETHERTOMEETTHEREQUIREMENT,THEREFOREHASPROVIDEDTHETRANSACTIONSAFETYCONTROLFORTHEBUYERTHREESPEAKINGOFBANKFACTORINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLETOBEMOREOBVIOUSTOTHEBANKFACTORSUPERIORITY1,THEBANKMAYUSEINTHEEXISTINGRESOURCESDEVELOPMENTTOASKTHESERVICE,INCREASESTHEINCOME,THEATTRACTIONHIGHQUALITYCUSTOMERACCORDINGTOTHEINTERNATIONALCONVENTION,THEDEVELOPMENTINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEPROFITTOBEEQUALTOTRADITIONALSETTLEMENTBUSINESSINCOMENEARLY10TIMES,THEPROFITISQUITEOBJECTIVE2ND,IMPROVESTHEBANKCREDITASSETSSTRUCTUREGUARANTEESTHEFUNDWHICHTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEPROVIDESTOALLOWTEMPORARYCREDIT,ISSITUATEDBETWEENCLEANLOANANDTHESECUREDLOANFINANCINGBEHAVIOR,THEREFOREMAYOPTIMIZETHEBANKTHECREDITASSETSSTRUCTURE3,ENHANCESTHEBANKTHEINTERNATIONALIMAGETHEBANKISENGAGEDININTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,JOINSTHEINTERNATIONALFACTORFEDERATION,WITHVARIOUSCOUNTRIESBANK,WILLGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLECOMPANYTOCARRYONTHEBUSINESSCONTACT,MAYGAININTHEINTERNATIONALSERVICEEXPERIENCE,ENHANCEINTERNATIONALIMAGESECOND,INTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEPOSITIVEROLE1,TOBEADVANTAGEOUSTOTHEEXPORTERGAINRELATEDINFORMATION,THEENHANCEMENTCOMPETITIVEPOWERGUARANTEESAPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONGENERATIONOFEXPORTERTOCARRYONTHEINVESTIGATIONTOIMPORTERSCREDIT,FOREXPORTERWHETHERTOPROVIDETHECOMMERCIALCREDIT,THEEXPANSIONREALIZATIONOFGOODSDECISIONMAKINGTOTHEIMPORTER,PROVIDESTHEINFORMATIONANDTHEDATAMOREOVER,BECAUSEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONKNOWLEDGEFOREIGNMARKETSITUATION,THEYALSOFREQUENTLYPUTFORWARDTHEPROPOSALTOTHESMALLEXPORTER,ASSISTSITTOSNEAKINTHEINTERNATIONALMARKET,STRENGTHENSITSINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIONABILITY2,ISADVANTAGEOUSTAKESBACKTHEFUNDASSOONASPOSSIBLEINTHEEXPORTER,ENHANCESTHEFUNDTHEOPERATIONALEFFECTIVENESSTHEEXPORTERFINISHEDCARGOSHIPPING,THENIMMEDIATELYOBTAINEDTHEFINANCINGFUND,REDUCEDTHEFUNDFLOWCYCLENOTONLYRAISEDTHEFUNDOPERATIONALEFFECTIVENESS,BUTMAYALSOREDUCETHEENTERPRISEOPERATIONCOST,INCREASESTHEPROFITINCOME3,ISADVANTAGEOUSINTHEEXPORTERSHIFTFUNDRISKAFTERGUARANTEEINGPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONBEINGWITHOUTRECOURSETOSELLOUTRIGHTTHEEXPORTERTHEOUTWARDCARGOCREDITORSRIGHTS,SOLONGASITSCOMMERCIALQUALITYANDTHECONDITIONSOFDELIVERYGOODSCONFORMTOTHECOMMERCIALCONTRACTSTIPULATION,THEEXPORTERMAYPASSESTHEBURDENTHECREDITRISKSANDTHEEXCHANGERATERISKFORGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATION,ELIMINATEDTHELATENTBADACCOUNTRISK,THELOANRETURNSRATIODISTINCTENHANCEMENT4,ECONOMICALUNPRODUCTIVEEXPENSEDISBURSEMENTAFTERTHEEXPORTERTHEEXPORTEDGOODSPOWERTRANSMISSIONFORGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATION,MAYTHECONCENTRATEEFFORTSTOCARRYONTHENEXTSTEPPRODUCTIONANDTHEMARKETING,REDUCESENTERPRISESADMINISTRATIVEPERSONALS,OVERHEADCHARGEANDSOONUNPRODUCTIVETHEEXPENSEDISBURSEMENTS5,ISADVANTAGEOUSINMAINTAININGANDENHANCESTHEEXPORTERTHECREDITTHEEXPORTERTHROUGHGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONTOALLOWTEMPORARYCREDITTHEFUND,NOTONLYWILLNOTINCREASEINTHEENTERPRISEASSETSDEBTTABLETHEDEBT,INSTEADWILLMAKEINTHEPROPERTYDEBTTABLETHEPROPERTYTOINCREASE,THEIMPROVEMENTDEBT/ASSETSRATIO,WILLBEADVANTAGEOUSTOENTERPRISESNEGOTIABLESECURITIESGOINGONTHEMARKETWITHFURTHERFINANCESTHIRD,OURCOUNTRYGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEEXISTENCEQUESTIONINTERNATIONALTOGUARANTEEINTHEPRINCIPLETRADEDEVELOPMENTINOURCOUNTRYMAINLYTOHAVEFOLLOWINGSEVERALQUESTION1,THELEGALFLAWSOFAROURCOUNTRYTOGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICENOTSPECIALLEGALRULEANDTHEJUDICIALINTERPRETATIONCOURTASPECTALSOLITTLEEXTREMELYHASTHELEGALPRECEDENTFOREXAMPLEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLETHEFOUNDATIONISTHECREDITORSRIGHTSEFFECTIVETRANSFERBUTCREDITORSRIGHTSTRANSFERCANONLYDEFERTO“LAWOFCONTRACT“INOURCOUNTRY12VERYBROADSTIPULATIONSTHECONTRACTPOTENCYMAYTRANSFERTHETRANSFERTOINFORMTHEDEBTOR,BUTISEFFECTIVEBUTINTHEEXPORTCOMMERCIALINVOICEDISCOUNTSERVICEHASRECOURSETOGUARANTEEPRINCIPLE,THEEXPORTERISNOTWILLINGONTHERECEIPTTOFURTHERASSIGNMENTCLAUSEGENERALLY,THENHOW“THENOTICE”DOESMANIFESTTHISQUESTIONNOTCORRESPONDINGJUDICIALINTERPRETATION2,THECREDITMECHANISMISNOTPERFECTATPRESENTTHESOCIALCREDITSYSTEMNOTYETFORMS,OBTAINSWITHDIFFICULTYWITHTHEENTERPRISECREDITRELATEDPUBLICINFORMATION,THEBANKISUNABLETOCARRYONTHECREDITAPPRAISALBESIDESOWNCUSTOMERENTERPRISEINOVERSEAS,IMPORTSFACTORTOBEPOSSIBLEMANYKINDSOFCHANNELSWHICHASKEDTHROUGHTHEOFFICIALORTHEPEOPLETOGAINIMPORTERSCREDITRATINGANDTHECREDITSITUATION,INADDITIONENTERPRISESFINANCIALREPORTINGCANFORITSCHECKINGLIMITOFCREDITBUTOURCOUNTRYENTERPRISESFINANCIALREPORTINGSAUTHENTICITYISWORTHQUESTIONING,INADDITIONTHEPARTIALENTERPRISESDONOTKEEPONESWORD,INTENDTOFALLBEHINDTHELOAN,RUNSAWAYTHEWASTEBANKDEBTPHENOMENONTOBECOMMON,THEBANKWORRIEDTHATSOMECUSTOMERSTHROUGHINTERNATIONALGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,THEBADACCOUNTRECEIVABLEWILLPASSTHEBURDENFORTHEBANK3,GUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEINDEPENDENTQUESTIONOURCOUNTRYENTERPRISESFINANCIALREPORTINGSAUTHENTICITYISWORTHQUESTIONING,INADDITIONTHEPARTIALENTERPRISESDONOTKEEPONESWORD,INTENDTOFALLBEHINDTHELOAN,RUNSAWAYTHEWASTEBANKDEBTPHENOMENONTOBECOMMON,THEBANKWORRIEDTHATSOMECUSTOMERSTHROUGHINTERNATIONALGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,THEBADACCOUNTRECEIVABLEWILLPASSTHEBURDENFORTHEBANK3,GUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEINDEPENDENTQUESTIONGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEISONEKINDISDIFFERENTWITHTHEBANKTRADITIONSERVICEPRODUCT,THEOVERSEASBANKGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICESUCCESSFULEXPERIENCEIS,MUSTGUARANTEETHATGUARANTEESINTHEPRINCIPLEBUSINESSMANAGEMENTTOHAVECERTAININDEPENDENCE,ANDGIVESTHELETTEREXAMINATIONANDAPPROVALAUTHORITYINCLUDINGCERTAINSALESDECISIONMAKINGPOWERGENERALLYSPEAKINGTHEOVERSEASDEVELOPMENTGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEORGANIZATIONISMOSTLYGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECOMPANYORTHEBANKINDEPENDENTDEPARTMENTBUTOURCOUNTRYASARESULTOFRELATEDLAWSANDREGULATIONSVACANCY,ALSODOESNOTHAVESPECIALTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLECOMPANY,THEBANKHASNOTSETUPTHEINDEPENDENTDEPARTMENTTOHANDLEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEINTERNATIONALGUARANTEEDTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEMARKETACCESSWASSTILLTHEVACUUMATPRESENTGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETOHANDLEBYTHEBANK,BUTACTUALLYTOINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEISTHEINTERNATIONALSETTLEMENTSERVICEONEKINDOFINDEPENDENTSERVICEVARIETY,UNTILNOWDOESNOTHAVETHECONCLUSION,FROMTHISHASASERIESOFFINANCIALSUPERVISIONQUESTION4,GIVESTHELETTERQUESTIONATPRESENTOURCOUNTRYBANKBASICALLYWILLGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLETOGIVETHELETTERTOREGARDTHESAMETRADITIONCREDITOPERATIONTOGIVETHELETTERTOCARRYONTHEMANAGEMENT,CHOOSESWITHTHECREDITCUSTOMERAPPRAISALSTANDARDGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECUSTOMER,SPECIALLYIMPORTSGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEOFTENTOREQUESTTHECUSTOMERIMPORTERTHEPROPERTYSCALETOBEBIG,CANPROVIDETHECORRESPONDINGMORTGAGETOGUARANTEETODOGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEBUTOVERSEASFACTORREQUESTSOURCOUNTRYBANKTONARRATEMAKESTHEIMPORTTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLETHECUSTOMEROFTENISTHESMALLANDMEDIUMSIZEDENTERPRISEORTHEPRIVATEENTERPRISE,ISUNABLETOSATISFYOURCOUNTRYBANKTOGIVETHELETTERREQUEST,THEREFOREOURCOUNTRYINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESINTHEPRINCIPLETHEIMPORTTOGUARANTEETHEHAIRCUTTOEXTENDSLOWLYACTUALLY,THISKINDGIVESTHELETTERMETHODWITHINTHETRUESENSETOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLETOHAVENOTTHESYMBOL,INOVERSEAS,FACTORONLYDEPENDSONTHECUSTOMERTHECREDITSITUATIONFINANCIALREPORTINGANDSOONFORTHECUSTOMERTOCHECKTHATLIMITOFCREDITJUDGMENTSTANDARDTOWHETHERTOHAVETHEHIGHQUALITYACCOUNTRECEIVABLE,BUTDOESNOTNEEDTHECUSTOMERTOPROVIDETHEMORTGAGEGUARANTEEFOURTH,THECONCLUSIONANDCOUNTERMEASURELOOKEDFROMINTERNATIONALANDTHEDOMESTICEXPERIENCE,DEVELOPSVIGOROUSLYINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,FORMSTHESTANDARDTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEMARKETTOEXPANDTHEIMPORTANDEXPORTENTERPRISEFINANCINGCHANNEL,THEPROMOTIONINTERNATIONALTRADEGROWTHTOHAVETHEVERYVITALPRACTICALSIGNIFICANCEFROMINTERNATIONALLYLOOKEDTHATINTERNATIONALGUARANTEEDTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEALREADYTOBECOMEAMATUREPRODUCT,ALSOOBTAINEDTHEEUROPEANANDAMERICANCOUNTRIES,THEASIANCOUNTRYINTHEGLOBALTRADEWIDELYTOACCEPTANDTOAPPROVEASTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEGREATNATION,OURCOUNTRYINTHEFOREIGNECONOMICALINTERCOURSE,SHOULDNOTREMOVE,ININTERNATIONALGUARANTEESOUTSIDETHEPRINCIPLEMARKET,BUTISSHOULDDEVELOPPOSITIVELYINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEUSEINTERNATIONALTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHESUPERIORITY,ENHANCESOURCOUNTRYENTERPRISESINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVENESSGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLETRADEDEVELOPMENTPRESENTSITUATIONACCORDINGTOOURCOUNTRYTOPROPOSETHATTHEFOLLOWINGDEVELOPMENTSUGGESTED1,ISGUARANTEEINGTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONTOSETUPTHEASPECTTORELAXTHERELATEDPOLICYTHEPEOPLESBANKORTHEBANKINGREGULATORYCOMMISSIONTAKESTHESUPERVISIONORGANIZATION,ONTHEONEHANDSHOULDENCOURAGETOHAVEABILITYCOMMERCIALBANKLAUNCHTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,ONTHEOTHERHAND,SHOULDALSOALLOWTOSETUPSPECIALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONSETSUPTHEASPECTFROMTHEORGANIZATION,CREDIBLEWARNINGOVERSEASEXPERIENCEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECOMPANYSOPERATIONANDTHEBANKISDIFFERENT,SOMESETOFSPECIALOPERATINGCONDITIONANDTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMNEEDTOHAVETHEVERYRICHSPECIALIZEDKNOWLEDGE,TOTHEMARKETFAMILIARANDTHESCIENCECREDITAPPRAISALSYSTEMOURCOUNTRYMAYCONSIDERTHATINTRODUCTIONWORLDFAMOUSGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECOMPANYENTERSOURCOUNTRYBYTHESOLEOWNERSHIPCOMPANYORJOINTVENTURESFORMTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEMARKET,ACCELERATESDOMESTICTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONTHECONSTRUCTION2,STRENGTHENSTHEINTERNALCOMMERCEBANKTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICEOPERATIONALGUIDANCEMECHANISMCONSTRUCTIONTHEFIRSTBANKSHOULDSTRENGTHENWITHTHEDOMESTICANDFOREIGNBANKS,OVERSEASGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECOMPANYSCOOPERATION,THESTUDYOVERSEASGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEADVANCEDEXPERIENCEANDTHEPOLICINGMETHODREFERSTOTHEINTERNATIONALCONVENTIONTOFORMULATETHESYSTEMINTERIORTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICEWORKINGINSTRUCTION,ESTABLISHESTHESTANDARDTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEACCOUNTEXECUTIVEMANAGEMENTMECHANISMNEXT,SHOULDIMPROVEGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEMANAGEMENTMETHOD,ONTHEONEHAND,USESTHEELECTRONDATAEXCHANGETECHNOLOGYPOSITIVELYELECTRONICDATAINTERCHANGE,USESFORTOTRANSMITTHETRADEDATA,RAISESTHEEFFICIENCYONTHEOTHERHAND,DEVELOPSTHEENTERPRISESALESITUATIONANDTHEACCOUNTRECEIVABLEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMEXTREMELYISADVANTAGEOUSFORTHEDEVELOPMENTBOOKKEEPINGMANAGEMENTANDTHECREDITRECEIVESAFTERDUNNINGANDSOONSERVICESTHIRD,SHOULDCONSUMMATETHERISKMANAGEMENTMECHANISM,ESTABLISHESTHESCIENCETHEENTERPRISECREDITAPPRAISALSYSTEMFOURTH,SHOULDSTRENGTHENTHESERVICERSTOTRAIN,RAISESONEBATCHOFHIGHQUALITIES,TOGRASPSKILLEDGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,FAMILIARINTERNATIONALTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLECONVENTIONANDTHEJOINTPLEDGEPROFESSIONAL3,THECONSUMMATIONINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICELAWSANDREGULATIONSCONSTRUCTIONINORDERTOPROMOTEOURCOUNTRYTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHESTANDARDIZEDDEVELOPMENT,OURCOUNTRYSHOULDREFERTOINTERNATIONALEXISTINGGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICECONVENTIONANDTHEJOINTPLEDGE,LINKSTOOURCOUNTRYREALITY,FORMULATESONEBOTHTOCONFORMTOTHEMODERNAGEINTERNATIONALTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHECHARACTERISTIC,ASSOONASANDCANSATISFYOURCOUNTRYPRESENTSTAGETOGUARANTEETHEWRITTENLAWWHICHTHEPRINCIPLETRADEDEVELOPMENTNEEDSTOGUARANTEETHELOGOSINTHISLAWSANDREGULATIONSFOUNDATION,REMAKESDECIDESONDOMESTICANDINTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICETHEEXECUTIVEREGULATION,INCLUDINGDRAWSUPTHEUNIFIEDREGULATIONSTHEIMPORTANDEXPORTTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEAGREEMENTATTHESAMETIME,THEPEOPLESBANKORTHEBANKINGREGULATORYCOMMISSIONSHOULDSTRENGTHENTOGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATIONTHESUPERVISION,THESAFEGUARDGUARANTEETHEPRINCIPLEORGANIZATION,ININTERNATIONALGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLECONVENTION,THEJOINTPLEDGEANDINTHENATIONALLAWSANDREGULATIONSFRAMEDEVELOPSGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICE,GUARANTEEDTHATGUARANTEESTHEPRINCIPLESERVICEMARKETREASONABLEORDERDEVELOPMENT我国如何积极发展国际保理保理是一种信用管理和融资方法源于英文“FACTORING”，从用范围来说可分为国内保理和国际保理。国际保理是指出口商以挂账，交单等方式销售货物时，商买进出口商的应收账款，并向其提供资金融通、进口商资信评估、销售账管理、信用风险担保、账款催收等一系列服务的综合金融服务方式。现在已逐渐成为经济界、金融界关注的热点。一、国际保理的应用优势与传统的结算方式比较，国际保理业务对出口商、进口商和银行保理商都有其应用优势（一）对出口商而言。1、保理业务为出口商提供资金融通的便利或处理售后管理工作，减少其G19762G10995G1147G5627G6915出，G4570单G6466G2346G7041G13485银行后，保理商G2494G16213其商G2709G2709G17148和交货G7477G1226G12538合合G2528G16280G4462，G4613可G5483G20521G19G19G705的收G8731保G19568。在G7092G17873G13046G7447保理业务G991，G1852G18108信G17163风险和G8731G10587风险都G17728G13485银行G6227担。通G17819G17837种方式可以G1363出口商在保理商G7692G1946的信用G20081G5242内，G9052G19512G11013于买方G6310G1196货款或G11784G1147G1510G19393G17908成的账款G7092法收G3250的风险G727G21、出口商可以通G17819提供G7368有G12466G1117G2159、G7368有利的G19G715G36、G39G715G36或G39G715G51G1196款G7477G1226，G3698G2164交G7143成G2163的G7438G1262，G6311G4649G9035G3818G5078G3342，G6205G3835出口G17164G7143G1233G20081。（G1120）对进口商而言。1、国际保理G14422G11477G1114进口商向银行G11015G16843G5332G12447信用G16789和G6915G1196保G16789金的G6175G13505和G17165用，G12628G2282G1114进出口G6175G13505，提G20652G1114G6940G10587。进口商可G1985其信G16477和G14403G3921的G17142务G15932现而G14731G5483买方信G17163，G7092G20047G6281G6288G727G21、国际保理业务G1363G17182销成为可G14033，进口商利用G39G715G36或G50G715G36的优G5812G1196款方式，G1363有G19492的资金G5483G2052G1817分利用，G2164G17907资金G2620G17728，为其G3698G2164G17164G7143G7438G1262G727G22、买方在G1196款G2081已收G2052货物，有时G19400和G7438G1262G7828G20576货物是G2554G12538合G16213G8726，G3252G8504为买方提供G1114交G7143G4445G1852保G19568。（G989）对银行保理商而言。国际保理对银行保理商的优势G7368G7138显1、银行可利用现有资源G5332G6311中问业务，G3698G2164收入，吸引优G17148客户。根G6466国际惯例，G5332G4649国际保理业务的利润相当于传统结算业务收入的近1G19倍，利润相当客观。G21、改善银行信G17163资G1147结构。保理业务所提供的资金融通，是介于信用放款与G6281G6288放款之G19400的融资行为，G3252G8504可优G2282银行的信G17163资G1147结构。G22、提G20652银行的国际形象。银行从事国际保理业务，G2164入国际保理商联合G1262，G4570与各国的银行、保理公司进行业务往来，可以积累国际业务经G20576、提G20652国际形象G1120、国际保理业务的积极作用1、有利于出口商G14731取有关信息，G3698强G12466G1117G2159。保理G7438构代出口商对进口商的资信进行调查，为出口商是G2554向进口商提供商业信用、G6205G3835商G2709销售的决策，提供信息和数G6466。另G3818，G11013于保理G7438构熟知国G3818G5078G3342情况，它们还经常向中小出口商提出建议，协助其打进国际G5078G3342，G2164强其国际G12466G1117G14033G2159。G21、有利于出口商尽快收G3250资金，提G20652资金的G1363用G6940益。出口商G4570货物装运完毕，即可G12447即G14731G5483融资款项，缩短G1114资金流G17728的G2620期。不仅提G20652G1114资金的G1363用G6940益，还可以降低企业运营成本，G3698G2164利润收益。G22、有利于出口商G17728移资金风险。保理G7438构G7092G17873G13046G7447地买G7041出口商的出口货物债G7447后，G2494G16213其商G2709G2709G17148和交货G7477G1226G12538合G17164G7143合G2528的G16280G4462，出口商G4613可以G4570信用风险和G8731价风险G17728嫁G13485保理G7438构，G9052G19512G1114潜在的坏账风险，债款G3250收G10587G7138显提G20652。4、G14422G11477G19762G10995G1147G5627G17165用G6915出。出口商把出口货G7447G17728交G13485保理G7438构后，可以集中G2159量进行G991一步的G10995G1147和营销，缩减企业的管理人员、管理G17165用等G19762G10995G1147G5627G17165用G6915出。5、有利于维护和提G20652出口商的资信。出口商通G17819保理G7438构融通资金，不仅不G1262G3698G2164企业资G1147负债G15932中的负债，反而G1262G1363资G1147负债G15932中的资G1147G3698G2164，改善负债G715资G1147比G10587，有利于企业的有价G16789券上G5078与进一步融资。G989、我国保理业务存在的问题在我国国际保理业务发G4649中主G16213存在以G991几个问题1、法律缺陷。G2052目G2081为止我国对保理业务没有专门的法律G16280G4462和司法解释法院方面也极少有判例。例如保理的基础是债G7447的有G6940G17728让但债G7447G17728让在我国G2494G14033依G10043G457合G2528法G458中一G1016G7477G5468G4497G8879的G16280G4462合G2528G6940G2159可G17728让G17728让通知债务人而有G6940。而在出口商业发G12092G17160现业务G11有G17873G13046G7447的保理G12中，出口商一G14336不G5907在发G12092上G2164列G17728让G7477款，G2029“通知”如G1321G1319现G17837一问题G7092相应司法解释。G21、信用G7438G2058不G1593G1852。目G2081G12050G1262信用G1319系G4590G7422形成，与企业信用有关的公G5332信息G19602以取G5483，银行G7092法对G19512G14270G5061客户以G3818的企业进行信用评估。在国G3818，进口保理商可以通G17819G4460方或G8677问的G3822种G9204G17959G14731取进口商的信用评G13435和资信情况，G1889G2164上企业的G17142务G6265G15932G4613G14033为其G7692G4462信用G20081G5242。而我国企业的G17142务G6265G15932的G11507G4466G5627G1552G5483G17148G11109，G2164上G18108分企业不G16774信用，有G5859G6314G8436G17163款，G17879G5235银行债务的现象G4661G16277不G21104，银行担G5527一G1135客户通G17819国际保理业务，G4570不G14403的应收账款G17728嫁G13485银行。G22、保理业务的G10432G12447G5627问题。保理业务是一种不G2528于银行传统业务的G1147G2709，国G3818银行保理业务成G2163的经G20576是，G16213G11842保保理业务管理上有一G4462的G10432G12447G5627，G2265G6336一G4462的销售决策G7447和G6492信G4469G6221G7447。一G14336来说国G3818G5332G4649保理业务的G7438构G3835都是保理公司或银行的G10432G12447G18108门。而我国G11013于相关法G16280的缺G1313，G7094没有专门的保理公司，银行也G7422G16786G12447G10432G12447的G18108门G2162理保理业务。国际保理业务G5078G3342G1946入G1185为G11507G12366。目G2081保理业务G3355G11013银行G2162理，但对国际保理G12362G12467是国际结算业务的一种还是G10432G12447的业务G2709种，G14279G1182没有G4462G16782，G11013G8504G1147G10995一系列金融G11429管问题。4、G6492信问题。目G2081我国银行基本上G4570保理的G6492信G16282G2528传统信G17163业务的G6492信进行管理，用信G1