高二英语教案：WordsandexpressionsforUnit11Scientificachievement

1、words and expressions for unit11 scientific achievements1. solar： adj.1) 太阳的， 来自太阳的solar system 太阳系solar rays 太阳光solar energy 太阳能a solar spot 太阳黑子2) 利用太阳光 / 能的a solar heating system太阳能加 系 2 mankind:集合名 ， =humakindhuman （ 1）指任何 期的人/ 人 ， 涵盖广泛， 庄重、正式意味并暗示人 所具有的共性，前面不加冠 2）男性（ womankind ）eg.such inventio

2、ns are beneficial to all mankind. 种 明 造有益于全人 。disease is an enemy of mankind. 疾病是人 的天 cf. 1） man: 人、人 ， 称 ，多作 数，不加冠 ，作主 用 数。eg.man must change in a changing world.man has been trying to control nature.人 一直在致力控制自然。 可指成年的男人/ 男性，泛指一般男性 常不用冠 。eg.he has become a fine man.他已 成一个大男人。man is generally taller

3、 than woman.you must be a man. 你必 做个男子 。2) men : 指人 的成 / 成分子。eg.all men are created equal. 人人生来都平等。all men are equal in the sight of the law。法律面前人人平等。3）human:同 human being,与神、 物有 的人的、人 的、人，复数分 humans 和human beingseg.little of the earthssolid surface has been seen by humans, as much of it lies below

4、thesea. 人 只看到地球固体表面的很小的一部分，因 大部分的地球 于海下。a born teacher, she thoughtshe could turn a deaf-blindperson into a useful humanbeing. 生来就是当教 的i don tbelieve there are other human beings on other planets.我不相信其他行星上有人存在。3 constitution:1) c.n 法eg.according to the american constitution presidential elections ar

5、e held every four years.great britain has an unwritten constitution.2) c.n 体 eg.only men with strong constitutions should climb in the himalayas.4. support (1) vt. 1) 支撑， 担（重量） ， 扶eg. is the bridge strong enough to support heavy lories?he was supporting himself with a stick.2)养家， 持生活， 担 用eg.air, foo

6、d and drink are necessary to support life.3) 支持， 成eg.his family supported him in his decision.(2)c. n. 1) 支撑物eg.these wooden supports help to hold up the building.2) 起 持作用的人 / 物he was a great support to us all in our time of need.(3) u.n 1) 支持第 1页共 5页eg.the candidate didn task for our support.2) 养家，

7、 养her job is the family s only means of support.(4) two idioms: 1)come to one s support来支持某人2)in support of支持， 明5. achieve vt. 1) 努力取得（ 利，成功） ， （目的，目 ）eg.he went back to london without having achieved any success.2) （与一些代 用）取得成就，成果, 可与 a lot, little, nothing, a great deal等 用eg.did you achieve all th

8、at you expected to today?cf.achievement 1) c.n成就eg.the inventor was rewarded by the government for his scientific s.2) u.n 达到， ，成功eg.such a goal is impossible of cf. gain / get前者指通 努力或 斗 得某种利益、好 或 ；而后者 普通用 ，指以某种方法或手段得到某 西，可以是主 地 得，也可指被 地接受。eg.he has gained the respect of his students.tell me how you

9、 got such a great amount of money.6. zone: (1)n. 1) 地 （尤指寒 、 等）eg.most of the worlds wheat is grown in the north temperate zone.(南半球 / 北半球的温带 )2) 地区eg.a war zone is a district where fighting is going on.it s against the law to build factories in this residential zone.(住宅区 )(2) vt. 划 区，划出 供 用，分区eg.th

10、e downtown area is zoned for commercial use.7. private: adj 1)私人的，个人的eg.he attended a private school in another city.you can get a private doctor to operate on him.2) 私下的，不公开的，保密的eg.dontrepeat what i have told you to anyone; itsprivate.3) 秘的， 人不去的eg.is there some private corner in the club where we

11、can talk by ourselves?4) 孤僻的eg.she is a very private person.5) in private私底下，不在公开 合eg.matters like this are best discussed in private.6) privately adv.私下地eg.he said he was anxious to speak to you privately.8.(1) institute:理工科 科学校，学院，研究所eg.many universities have institutes of education.(教育学院 )(2) uni

12、versity : 合性大学eg.there is a university town in fuzhou.(3) college: 独立的学院，大学，大学的学院， 科学校eg.the university has six colleges.第 2页共 5页(4) school: 指小学及中等学校，包括其建筑及其制度；大学的研究所；不加冠 指 /学校教育eg.school begins at 8:30 in that country.(5)academy: 主要用于大学以下的种种私立学校或特殊学科的学校校名中 eg. he is now studying in an academy of me

13、dicine.9. grasp: (1)vt.抓住，理解eg.grasp all, lose all. 多必失he seemed not to have grasped what the reply meant.grasp at 抓住， 法抓住eg.he grasped at the rope but missed it.(2) u.n 拿到，理解，掌握，有 可加 a eg. you seem to have a good grasp of english history. in ones grasp 到手，握住 within one sgrasp 力所能及的eg.i kept her han

14、d in my grasp.it snot within my grasp. 不是我力所能及的。success is within his grasp. 他成功在望10 perfect:绝对 adj，没有最高 和比 (1) 完善的，理想的，精确的eg.the weather during the last few days has been perfect.(2) 十足的，完全的，常用于加 所修 n.的 气eg.he is a perfect stranger to me.我完全不 他。she is a perfect fool.(3)指人 ，常盒子行 、品德的高雅、无暇eg.the youn

15、g lady swords and behaviour are perfect and we all respect her very much. 那女士的言行无可挑剔， .(4) 熟 的，精通的eg.practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。(5) vt. 使 完美，使 精通eg.you should train hard to perfect your skill.11. arrange: (1) vt.安排常用于以下句型：1) + n./proneg. arrange the matter at your own convenience.在方便的 候及适宜的地方2) + i

16、nf.eg.we arranged to meet him at the airport.3) + clauseeg.he arranged that the meeting should be put off for a week.4) + sth foreg.the travel agency has arranged everything for our trip to australia.(2) vt. 安排，整理eg.i began to arrange the flowers in the vases.(3) arrangement: c.n安排，排列，排出的 子eg.the pr

17、esent arrangement wasn treally satisfactory to them. 有的安排他 好象并不是很 意第 3页共 5页make arrangements作安排eg.i have to make arrangements to take you to london.12. set foot in (on ) / out of : 入，到达，走（ / 出）eg.they were filled with joy when they set foot on / in chinese soil.man has set foot on all ways of scienc

18、e and technology.she told her boy not to set foot out of the house until he had finished his homework.stand on one sown feet:自力更生，依靠自己13.rely: vi.常与 on/upon搭配，“依靠，依 ，指望”可用于以下句型：(1) + n./proneg.they relied on themselves, which was much better.(2) + sb. + to doyou can rely on peter to do whatever he p

19、romises.(3) + doingwe cantrely on him coming in time when we are in need of him.(4) + for-phraseyou cantrely on him for help.14. base (1) c.n 1)基 ，底座2) 基地，根据地eg.it serves the economic base.there we established our first revolutionary bases / base areas.(2) vt. 1) 把 建立在，以 基 ;2) 把 部/基地 在eg.this song is based on an old folk tune.teaching is an art based on a science.the company sheadquarter is based in america.(3)adj.卑鄙， 劣eg.to betray a friend is a base action. baseless: adj. 毫无根据的baseness : n. 卑劣15.mark : (1) c.n 1) ，符号eg.a red pencil-mark on the fifth page caught