2021届高考英语语法总结大全之动词的时态与语态素材pdf202102031216.pdf
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高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态与语态与语态要点清单要点清单动词的时态动词的时态一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on sundayi leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。the earth moves around the sun.shanghai lies in the east of china.3) 表示格言或警句中。pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。i dont want so much.ann wang writes good english but does not speakwell.比较：now i put the sugar in the cup.i am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：now watch me, i switch on the current and standback. 第二句中的 now 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。一般过去时的用法一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago,the other day, in 1982 等。where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。when i was a child, i often played football in thestreet.whenever the browns went during their visit, theywere given a warm welcome.3）句型：it is time for sb. to do sth到时间了该了it is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了早该了it is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。it is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示宁愿某人做某事id rather you came tomorrow.4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。i thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。christine was an invalid all her life.(含义：她已不在人间。)christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义：她现在还活着)mrs. darby lived in kentucky for seven years.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)mrs. darby has lived in kentucky for seven years.( 含义： 现在还住在肯塔基州， 有可能指刚离去)注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1）动词 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。did you want anything else?i wondered if you could help me.2）情态动词 could, would.could you lend me your bike?used to/be used toused to + do： 过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。mother used not to be so forgetful.scarf used to take a walk.(过去常常散步)be used to + doing： 对已感到习惯，或习惯于，to 是介词，后需加名词或动名词。he is used to a vegetarian diet.scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)典型例题- your phone number again? i _ quite catchit.- its 69568442.a. didntb. couldntc. dontd. cant答案 a. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语， 但从语意上看 出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。一般将来时一般将来时1)shall 用于第一人称，常被 will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。which paragraph shall i read first.will you be at home at seven this evening?2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。what are you going to do tomorrow?b. 计划，安排要发生的事。the play is going to be produced next month。c. 有迹象要发生的事look at the dark clouds, there is going to be astorm.3)be +不定式表将来， 按计划或正式安排将发生的事。we are to discuss the report next saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。he is about to leave for beijing.注意：be about to 不能与 tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。be going to/will用于条件句时， be going to 表将来will 表意愿if you are going to make a journey, youd betterget ready for it as soon as possible.now if you will take off your clothes, we will fitthe new clothes on you in front of the mirror.be to 和和 be going tobe to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。i am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)一般现在时表将来一般现在时表将来1） 下列动词： come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,return 的一般现在时表将来。 这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。the train leaves at six tomorrow morning.when does the bus star? it stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：here comes the bus. = the bus is coming.there goes the bell. = the bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。when bill comes (不是 will come), ask him towait for me.ill write to you as soon as i arrive there.4）在动词 hope, take care that, make sure that 等后。i hope they have a nice time next week.make sure that the windows are closed before youleave the room.用现在进行时表示将来用现在进行时表示将来意为：意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay 等。im leaving tomorrow.are you staying here till next week?现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 其构成：have (has)+过去分词。比较过去时与现在完成时比较过去时与现在完成时1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in october,just now, 具体的时间状语共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight,this april, now, once， before,already, recently，lately现在完成时的时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until,up to now, in past years, always,不确定的时间状语3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的， 如 live, teach, learn, work,study, know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有 come, go, leave,start, die, finish, become, get married 等。举例：i saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。 ）i have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。 ）why did you get up so early?（强调起床的动作已发生过了。 ）who hasnt handed in his paper?（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。 ）she has returned from paris.她已从巴黎回来了。she returned yesterday.她是昨天回来了。he has been in the league for three years.(在团内的状态可延续)he has been a league member for three years.(是团员的状态可持续)he joined the league three years ago.( 三年前入团，joined 为短暂行为。)i have finished my homework now.-will somebody go and get dr. white?-hes already been sent for.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday,last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。（错）tom has written a letter to his parents lastnight.（对）tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.用于现在完成时的句型用于现在完成时的句型1）it is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。it is the first time that i have visited the city.it was the third time that the boy had been late.2）this is the that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.this is the best film that ive (ever) seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。this is the first time (that) ive heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。典型例题(1) -do you know our town at all?-no, this is the first time i _ here.a. wasb. have beenc. camed. am coming答案 b. this is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选 b。(2) -have you _ been to our town before?-no, its the first time i _ here.a. even, comeb. even, have comec. ever, comed.ever, have come答案 d. ever 意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never， 此两词常用于完成时。 this is the largestfish i have ever seen. it is / was the first time+that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。（错）i have received his letter for a month.（对）i havent received his letter for almost amonth.比较比较 since 和和 forsince 用来说明动作起始时间，for 用来说明动作延续时间长度。i have lived here for more than twenty years.i have lived here since i was born.my aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.some new oilfields have been opened up since1976.i have known xiao li since she was a little girl.my brother has been in the youth league for twoyears.i have not heard from my uncle for a long time.注意：并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。i worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。)i have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)小窍门： 当现在完成时+一段时间， 这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。1)(对) tom has studied russian for three years.= tom began to study russian three years ago,and is still studying it now.2)(错) harry has got married for six years.= harry began to get married six years ago, and isstill getting married now.显然，第二句不对，它应改为 harry got marriedsix years ago.或 harry has been married for sixyears.since 的四种用法的四种用法1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。i have been here since 1989.2) since +一段时间+ agoi have been here since five months ago.3) since +从句great changes have taken place since you left.considerable time has elapsed since we have beenhere.4) it is +一段时间+ since 从句it is two years since i became a postgraduatestudent.延续动词与瞬间动词延续动词与瞬间动词1) 用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。he has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)2)用于 till / until 从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句，表示做直到瞬间动词用于否定句，表示到，才he didnt come back until ten oclock.他到 10 点才回来。he slept until ten oclock.他一直睡到 10 点。典型例题1. you dont need to describe her. i _ her severaltimes.a. had metb. have metc. metd. meet答案 b. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响， 我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。2.-im sorry to keep you waiting.-oh, not at all. i _ here only a few minutes.a. have beenb. had beenc. wasd. will be答案 a. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。过去完成时过去完成时1） 概念：表示过去的过去-|-|-|-其构成是 had +过去分词构成。那时以前那时现在2） 用法a.在 told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句。she said (that) she had never been to paris.b. 状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。when the police arrived, the thieves had runaway.c. 表示意向的动词， 如 hope, wish, expect, think,intend, mean, suppose 等， 用过去完成时表示原本，未能we had hoped that you would come, but youdidnt.3)过去完成时的时间状语 before, by, until , when,after, once, as soon as。he said that he had learned some english before.by the time he was twelve, edison had began tomake a living by himself.tom was disappointed that most of the guests hadleft when he arrived at the party.典型例题the students _ busily when miss brown went toget a book she _ in the office.a. had written, leftb，were writing, has leftc. hadwritten, had leftd. were writing, had left答案 d. 把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去的动作之前， 因此忘了书这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中 when 表示的是时间的一点， 表示在同学们正忙于这一背景下，when 所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。注意：had no when 还没等 就had no sooner than 刚 就he had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.用一般过去时代替完成时用一般过去时代替完成时1)两个动作如按顺序发生， 又不强调先后， 或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。when she saw the mouse，she screamed.my aunt gave me a hat and i lost it.2 ) 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。when i heard the news, i was very excited.3)叙述历史事实， 可不用过去完成时， 而只用一般过去时。our teacher told us that columbus discoveredamerica in 1492.将来完成时将来完成时1) 构成 will / be going to do sth.2) 概念a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或一获得的经验。they will have been married for 20 years by then.you will have reached shanghai by this timetomorrow.现在进行时现在进行时现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。we are waiting for you.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。mr. green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)she is learning piano under mr. smith.c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn,run, go, begin 等。the leaves are turning red.its getting warmer and warmer.d. 与 always, constantly, forever 等词连用， 表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。you are always changing your mind.典型例题my dictionary _, i have looked for iteverywhere but still_ it.a. has lost, dont find b. is missing, dont findc.has lost, havent foundd. is missing, haventfound.答案 d. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态， 应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。不用进行时的动词不用进行时的动词1) 事实状态的动词have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include,contain, matter, weigh, measure, continuei have two brothers.this house belongs to my sister.2) 心理状态的动词know, realize, think see, believe, suppose,imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need,forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hatei need your help.he loves her very much.3 ) 瞬间动词accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow,decide, refuse.i accept your advice.4) 系动词seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get,become, turnyou seem a little tired.过去进行时过去进行时1） 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2） 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3) 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all dayyesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when,whilemy brother fell while he was riding his bicycleand hurt himself.it was raining when they left the station.when i got to the top of the mountain, the sunwas shining.典型例题1) mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.a. madeb. is makingc. was makingd. makes答案 c. 割伤手指是已发生的事情， 应用过去时。同时， when 表时间的同时性， 玛丽在做衣服时提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2)as she _ the newspaper, granny _ asleep.read； was fallingb. was reading； fellc. wasreading； was fallingd. read；fell答案 b.句中的 as = when, while， 意为当之时。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的fell (fall 的过去时)， 是系动词， 后跟形容词， 如：fall sick。将来进行时将来进行时1) 概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。shell be coming soon.ill be meeting him sometime in the future.注意：将来进行时不用于表示意志，不能说ill be having a talk with her.2）常用的时间状语soon, tomorrow, this evening，on sunday, by thistime，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow eveningby this time tomorrow, ill be lying on the beach.一般现在时代替将来时一般现在时代替将来时时间状语从句，条件句中，从句用一般现在时代替将来时when, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as,so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless,even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day,the year, immediatelyhe is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives inbeijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。典型例题(1）he said he_me a present unlessi_ in doing the experiment.a. had not given; had not succeededb. would notgive; succeedc. will not give; succeed d. would not give; willsucceed.答案 b. 在时间， 条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有 he said，故为过去式。主句用将来时， 故选 b. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。(2) 表示现在已安排好的未来事项， 行程等活动。the museum opens at ten tomorrow.博物馆明天10 点开门。(实际上每天如此。)一般现在时代替过去时一般现在时代替过去时1 )书上说，报纸上说等。the newspaper says that its going to be coldtomorrow.报纸上说明天会很冷的。2) 叙述往事，使其生动。napoleons army now advances and the greatbattle begins.一般现在时代替完成时一般现在时代替完成时1) 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know,find , say,remember.i hear (= have heard) he will go to london.i forget (=have forgotten) how old he is.2) 句型 it is since代替it has been since 3) it is (= has been) five years since we last met.一般现在时代替进行时一般现在时代替进行时句型：here comes ； there goeslook, here comes mr. li.现在进行时代替将来时现在进行时代替将来时1) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗?we are leaving soon.我们马上就走。2) 渐变动词，如：get, run, grow, become, begin及 die。he is dying.时态一致时态一致1) 如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实，则永远用现在时。at that time, people did not know that the earthmoves.he told me last week that he is eighteen.2) 宾语从句中的助动词 ought, need, must, dare时态是不变的。he thought that i need not tell you the truth.时态与时间状语时态与时间状语时间状语一般现在时 every , sometimes,at , onsunday,一般过去时 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, theother day, in 1982, just now一般将来时 next, tomorrow, in+时间,现在完成时for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently过去完成时 before, by, until, when, after, once, assoon as过去进行时 this morning, the whole morning, allday, yesterday, from nine to ten last eveningwhen, while将来进行时 soon, tomorrow, this evening, onsunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days,tomorrow evening动词的语态动词的语态两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。1）若宾语补足语是不带 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词。feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe,see, notice, watchthe teacher made me go out of the classroom.- i was made to go out of the classroom (by theteacher).we saw him play football on the playground.- he was seen to play football on theplayground.2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。coal can be used to produce electricity foragriculture and industry.let 的用法的用法1）当 let 后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带 to 的不定式。they let the strange go.- the strange was letgo.2） 若 let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用 allow 或 permit 代替。the nurse let me go to see my classmate in thehospital.- i was allowed / permitted to see myclassmate in the hospital.短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。this is a photo of the power station that has beenset up in my hometown.my sister will be taken care of by grandma.such a thing has never been heard of before.表示表示据说据说或或相信相信的词组的词组believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say,see, suppose, think, understandit is said that 据说it is reported that 据报道it is believed that大家相信it is hoped that大家希望it is well known that 众所周知it is thought that大家认为it is suggested that据建议it is taken granted that被视为当然it has been decided that 大家决定it must be remember that务必记住的是it is said that she will leave for wuhan ontuesday.不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen,last, lie, remain, sit, spread, standbreak out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, loseheart, take place.after the fire, very little remained of my house.比较：rise, fall, happen 是不及物动词； raise, seat是及物动词。(错) the price has been risen.(对) the price has risen.(错) the accident was happened last week.(对) the accident happened last week.(错) the price has raised.(对) the price has been raised.(错) please seat.(对) please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice,watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with,succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in,walk into, belong tothis key just fits the lock.your story agrees with what had already beenheard.3) 系动词无被动语态：appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look,remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turnit sounds good.4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, live, lifeshe dreamed a bad dream last night.5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。(对) she likes to swim.(错) to swim is liked by her.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read,wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drivethe book sells well.这本书销路好。this knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, buildi was to blame for the accident.much work remains.3) 在 need, require, want, worth (形容词),deserve 后的动名词必须用主动形式。the door needs repairing.= the door needs to berepaired.this room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。this book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。4) 特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。被动形式表示主动意义被动形式表示主动意义be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), befinished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), getmarrieshe is graduated from a famous university.他毕业于一所有名的大学。注意： 表示同某人结婚，用 marry sb. 或 getmarried to sb. 都可。he married a rich girl.he got married to a rich girl.need/want/require/worth注意： 当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接 doing 也可以表示被动。your hair wants cutting.你的头发该理了。the floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。the book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。典型例题the library needs_, but itll have to wait untilsunday.a. cleaningb. be cleanedc. cleand. being cleaned答案 a. need (实意) +n /to do，need (情态)+ do，当为被动语态时，还可 need + doing. 本题考最后一种用法，选 a。如有 to be clean 则也为正确答案。典：done，不可能已经。must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时)精题精练精题精练高考应用高考应用谓语动词与语法填空在语法填空中，动词的时态是必考内容。其中，最常考的是一般过去时或者主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时态，以及现在进行时、过去进行时和一般将来时。被动语态是常考的内容，会涉及一般现在时或一般过去时的被动语态。典题试做 1用所给动词的正确形式填空12016全国so it was a great honour to beinvited backstage at the notforprofit pandabase，where ticket money helps pay for research.i_(allow) to get up close to these cuteanimals at the 600acre centre.22016全国truly elegant chopsticks might_(make) of gold and silver with chinesecharacters.3 2016四川the giant panda_ (love) bypeople throughout the world.42016北京i _(read) half of theenglish novel，and ill try to finish it at theweekend.52016天津when walking down the street，icame across david，whom i _(see) foryears.62015全国it was raining lightly when i_(arrive) in yangshuo just beforedawn.but i didnt care.72015全国this cycle _ (go) dayafter day：the walls warm up during the day andcool off during the night and are thus always atimely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.8 2015福建to my delight， i _(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the openingceremony.92015湖南as you go through this book，you_(find) that each of the millions of peoplewho lived through world war had a differentexperience.10 2015湖南i wasnt able to hide my eagernesswhen i _(ask)，“what do you wish me todo now？”答案：1.was allowed2.be made3.is loved4have read5.hadnt seen6.arrived7.goes8.was chosen9.will find10.asked应对策略 11句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态和语态。判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。2句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。3在确定谓语动词的时态和语态时，我们可从四个方面来进行判断：(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如：was/were about to do.when.did.it is/has been时间段since 从句(一般过去时)it/this/that is the first time that.have/hasdone.或 it/this/that was the first time that.haddone.its (high time) that.did/should do.hardly had主语done.when.did.或 nosooner had主语done.than.did.这样的句型还有很多，平时要注意积累。(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动，还需看所给词是否为及物动词，是否考查主动表被动等。(5)注意主谓是否一致。谓语动词与短文改错短文改错中对于谓语动词的考查点常会涉及到考查上下文时态不一致、被动语态漏掉 be 或过去分词拼写错误。典题试做 2单句改错(每小题 1 处错误)12016全国every day he makes sure thatfresh vegetables and high quality oil are using forcooking._22016全国it is always crowded withcustomers at meal times.some people even had towait outside._32016全国some classmates suggest weshould go to places of interest nearby.i thoughtthat it is a good idea._42016四川both dad and i planned to dosomething on mothers day.we get up early in themorning._52015全国when i was a child，i hoped tolive in the city.i think i would be happythere._62015全国lots of studies have been shownthat global warming has already become a veryserious problem._72015全国tony was scared and begun tocry._8 2015陕西my mum makes the best biscuits inthe world，so i decide to ask her for help.mumtaught me some basic steps of baking._9 2015四川as i tell you last time， i made threenew friends here._答案：1.usingused2.hadhave3.thoughtthink4.getgot5.thinkthought6.去掉 been7.begunbegan8.decidedecided9telltold应对策略 2做动词类改错题时，需注意以下几个方面：(1)判断一般现在时与一般过去时是否错用；(2)and，but，so，or 等并列连词前后的时态是否一致；(3)除了时态，还要注意主谓是否一致；(4)看是否考查虚拟语气；(5)看谓语部分是否缺少动词，特别是 be 动词；(6)看动词的形式是否正确，尤其是第三人称单数形式是否错用；(7)看主动语态和被动语态是否错用。书面表达中谓语动词易错点聚焦1中式英语比比皆是。(误)i very like listen music and every day ialso_will_see some newspapers.(正)i like listening to music very_much and everyday i read some newspapers as well.(习惯性动作用一般现在时)(误)i dont know i_should_do_what.(正)i dont know what_i_should_do.2句子没有谓语动词或一个句子中出现多个谓语。(误)the windows broken.(正)the windows broke.(正)the windows are_(were)_broken.(误)today，the largest number of people speakenglish may_be in china.(正)today，the largest number of people whospeak english may_be in china.(正)today，the largest number of people speakingenglish may_be in china.3动词的时态、语态及系动词 be 随意乱用。(误)recently，the cctv and some tvs began totake some measures.(正)recently，the cctv and some tvshave_begun to take some measures.(误)she liked it very much and reads it to theclass.(正)she liked it very much and read it to the class.(误)people were_used_to_believe that the earthwas flat.(正)people used_to_believe that the earth was flat.(误)our_village_has_taken_place_great_changes.(误)great changes have_been_taken_place in ourvillage.(正)great changes have_taken_place in ourvillage.高效演练高效演练.单句语法填空12017安徽合肥八中段考he had wild blackhair flecked with gray and_(wear) a pinkshirt and silk slippers.22017福建福州十三中期中thenhe_(hide) behind a tree and waited.32017福建福州十三中期中thenight_(be) very dark. some neighborswill come along later in the dark and will fallagainst the stone.42017黑龙江大庆高三二模years ago，wheni was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings inlocal galleries，i_(live) in the heart of thecity.52017广西梧州、崇左高三摸底shealso_(believe) in healthy diet.and sherequires us to have regular meals.答案：1.was wearing2.hid3.will be4.lived5believes.单句改错12017福建福州十三中期中today ive gotwonderful news to tell you. i had been offered ajob at a company in england for my goodperformance._22017湖南衡阳八中二模to everyone in theworld，money was a sensitive topic._32017四川成都外国语学校高三月考i weptand said i do want to do my best but i just couldntconcentrate._42017四川成都外国语学校高三月考oneevening，a man visited me and after a while，heinquires about my studies._52017福建龙岩 3 月质检but as i grow up，igradually started to become selfcentered lastyear._答案：1.hadhave2.wasis3.第一个dodid4.inquiresinquired5.growgrew.语法填空a(动词的时态与语态专练)my best friend kaiya is like me.she1._(remind) me of myself.in the past，i2._(be) never confident because of myappearance.people always laughed at my weight，my height， my hairstyle， etc.at that time， i was theshortest student in my class.i started gettingde
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