古希腊神和神话GreekMythology

1、greek mythologygreek mythologyat first lets share a sad love storyi love you, but ive killed you -diana & oriondiana ,the goddess of the moon and the huntorion, orion, the great and powerful hunter they fell in love with each other deeply. apollo disapproved. apollo spied orion swimming alone in

2、 the sea, then he told his sister that orions head was a rock. tricked by apollo into shooting an arrow at orions head while he was swimming diana killed her lover! later, diana asked jupiter to gave him a place as a constellation the line of death can never disappear. they could only see each other

3、 afar in the cold sky. let it be forgotten sara teasdalelet it be forgottenlet it be forgotten, as a flower is forgotten.forgotten as a fire that once was singing gold.let it be forgotten for ever and ever.time is a kind friend, he will make us old.if anyone asks, say it was forgottenlong and long a

4、go.as a flower, as a fire, as a hushed footfallin long forgotten snow.忘掉它忘掉它 余光中余光中 译译忘掉它，像忘掉一朵花，忘掉它，像忘掉一朵花， 像忘掉炼过黄金的火焰，像忘掉炼过黄金的火焰， 忘掉它，永远永远。忘掉它，永远永远。 时间是良友，它会使我们时间是良友，它会使我们变成老年变成老年 。 如果有人问起，就说已经如果有人问起，就说已经忘记，忘记， 在很早，很早的往昔在很早，很早的往昔 像花，像火，像静静的足像花，像火，像静静的足音音 在早被遗忘的雪里。在早被遗忘的雪里。songchristina rossettiwhe

5、n i am dead，my dearest， sing no sad songs for me； plant thou no roses at my head， nor shady cypress tree； be the green grass above me with showers and dewdrops wet； and if thou wilt，remember， and if thou wilt，forget i shall not see the shadows， i shall not feel the rain； i shall not hear the nightin

6、gale sing on，as if in pain； and dreaming through the twilight that doth not rise nor set， haply i may remember， and haply may forget 歌 徐志摩译 我死了的时候，亲爱的，别为我唱悲伤的歌；我坟上不必安插蔷薇，也无需浓荫的柏树；让盖着我的青青的草，淋着雨，也沾着露珠；假如你愿意，请记着我，要是你甘心，忘了我。我再不见地面的青荫，觉不到雨露的甜蜜；再听不见夜莺的歌喉，在黑暗里倾听悲啼；在悠久的昏暮中迷惘，阳光不升起，也不消翳；我也许，也许我记得你，我也许，我也许忘记。

7、 do you know the gods in the greek mythology? greek mythology is a group of traditional tales told by the ancient greeksabout the deeds of gods, heroes and their relations with human beings. 希腊神话讲了很多古希腊的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他们和普通人类之间的关系。 the greek mythology is an important part of the ancient culture which

8、has vast and deep influence on the whole western culture. 希腊神话是古文化重要的一部分，与整个西方文化有着广泛而又紧密的联系。 its great influence upon the english language and literature is beyond description. a great number of words and idioms in the english laguage come from the greek mythology. 它在英语和文学作品方面的巨大影响力是无法形容的。英语中的很多单词和语

9、言表达方式都是来自希腊神话。 in the beginning, the universe is a cosmos evolving from chaos. chaos and gaea (the earth) generate everything thatexists, including seas, mountions, gods and monsters. then gaeas mating with her son uranus(the sky), which produces12 tians with gronus as their leader. 宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即“混沌”

10、)。卡俄斯和盖亚创造了大海、大山、神还有妖怪，并赋予他们生命。后来盖亚与她的儿子乌拉诺斯结婚，由此产生了以克罗诺斯为首的12泰坦。 adivised by his mother, grouns beats uranus, severs thelink between sky and earth, and becomes the new king of the cosmos. gronus copulates with his sister, rhea to bring about zeus and siblings, the future ofolder olympians. 克罗诺斯在他母亲

11、的建议和帮助下打败了他的父亲乌拉诺斯，分开了天地间的连接，成为了宇宙的新首领。克罗诺斯与他的姐姐瑞亚结婚，诞生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐妹，翻开了古奥林匹亚崭新的一页。 the old theogony : the tians the old theogony : the tians （旧旧神神谱谱: :奥奥林匹斯十二泰坦）林匹斯十二泰坦）the old theogony : the gods the old theogony : the gods （新神新神谱奥谱奥林匹斯十二主神）林匹斯十二主神）perseus (perseus (珀尔修斯珀尔修斯) )jason (jason (伊阿宋伊阿宋)

12、)heracles (heracles (赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯) )theseus (theseus (忒修斯忒修斯) ) medusa(medusa(美杜莎美杜莎) )minotaurusminotaurus ( (米米诺诺陶洛斯陶洛斯) )cerberus (cerberus (刻耳柏洛斯刻耳柏洛斯) )part1part1：the olympian gods and other deitiesthe olympian gods and other deitiespart2part2：heroesheroespart3part3：monstersmonsterspart1part1：the

13、 olympian gods the olympian gods and other deitiesand other deities1、the tians2、the gods3、other deities the ancient greeks worshiped many gods. greek gods can be divided into several groups.the earliest group was titans, led by cronus. the most powerful group was the olympians. the olympians are a g

14、roup of 12 gods who ruled after the overthrow of the titans. all the olympians are related in some way. they are named after their dwelling（住宅住宅,住所）住所）place mount olympus. 古希腊崇拜很多神古希腊崇拜很多神, , 古希腊的神被分古希腊的神被分为为几几组组, , 最古老一最古老一组组的被的被称为称为泰坦泰坦 , , 由克由克罗诺罗诺斯斯领导领导。最强大的一。最强大的一组组被被称为奥称为奥林匹林匹斯山神。斯山神。奥奥林匹斯山神由林

15、匹斯山神由个个神神组组成成 ，他，他们颠们颠覆了泰坦覆了泰坦时时期期的的规规律。所有的律。所有的奥奥林匹斯山神在某林匹斯山神在某个个方面都有着或多或少的方面都有着或多或少的联联系。他系。他们们的名字的名字来来自于他自于他们们居住的居住的奥奥林匹斯山。林匹斯山。the tiansthe tians（十二泰坦）（十二泰坦）cronus(克罗诺斯克罗诺斯) : 天空之神。天空之神。rhea(瑞亚瑞亚) : 时光女神。时光女神。oceanus(俄刻阿诺斯俄刻阿诺斯) : 水之神。水之神。tethys(泰西斯泰西斯) : 沧海女神。俄刻阿诺斯之妻。沧海女神。俄刻阿诺斯之妻。 crius(克瑞斯克瑞斯)

16、: 生长之神。生长之神。lapetus (伊阿佩托斯伊阿佩托斯) : 灵魂之神灵魂之神 。阿忒拉斯、普罗米修斯、厄庇米。阿忒拉斯、普罗米修斯、厄庇米 修斯和墨诺提俄斯之父。修斯和墨诺提俄斯之父。phoebe(福柏福柏) : 月之女神。月之女神勒托与阿斯特瑞亚之母。月之女神。月之女神勒托与阿斯特瑞亚之母。coeus (科俄斯科俄斯) : 智力之神。智力之神。themis (忒弥斯忒弥斯) : 秩序和正义女神。宙斯第二位妻子秩序和正义女神。宙斯第二位妻子,时序三女神母时序三女神母 。mnemosyne(谟涅摩叙涅谟涅摩叙涅) : 记忆之神。宙斯第五位妻子记忆之神。宙斯第五位妻子,九缪斯之母九缪斯之

17、母 。hyperion(许配利翁许配利翁) : 光之神光之神thea(忒亚忒亚) : 许配利翁之妻。许配利翁之妻。 the the godsgods（十二主神）（十二主神）zeus(zeus(宙斯宙斯): ): the god of the sky. hera(hera(赫拉赫拉): ): the goddess of marriage and childbirth.poseidon(poseidon(波塞冬波塞冬): ): the god of the sea,protector. hades(hades(哈迪斯哈迪斯): ): the god the dead andwealth.hest

18、ia(hestia(赫斯提亚赫斯提亚): ): the goddess of the hearth(灶台).ares(ares(阿瑞斯阿瑞斯): ): the god of war.hermes(hermes(赫尔墨斯赫尔墨斯): ): the god of thieves and commerce. hephaestus(hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯赫斯菲托斯): ): the god of fire and the forge(熔炉). apollo(apollo(阿波罗阿波罗): ): the god of light.artemis(artemis(阿尔忒弥斯阿尔忒弥斯): ):

19、the goddess of chastity,virginity,the hunt, the moon,and the natural environment. athena(athena(雅典娜雅典娜): ): the greek virgin goddess of reason, intelligent activity,arts and literature.aphrodite(aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德阿弗洛狄德): ): the goddess of love,desire and beauty. god of the sky and the earth. ruler of t

20、he olympiangods. he was the rain god , and the cloud gatherer,who holdsthe terrible thunderbolt. his bird the eagle, his tree is the oak .zeus zeus 宙斯宙斯 zeuswife and sister. queen of the gods. goddess of marriage and childbirth and takes special care of married women. hera hera 赫拉赫拉 most stories con

21、cerning hera have to do with her most stories concerning hera have to do with her jealous revenge for zeusjealous revenge for zeus s infidelitiess infidelities（不忠）（不忠）. . brother of zeus . god of the sea ,protectorof all waters. his weapon is atrident (三叉戟三叉戟) , whichcan shake the earth , and shatte

22、r anyobject. poseidonposeidon波塞冬波塞冬he is second only to zeus in power amongst the gods. he was widely worshiped by seamen. brother of zeus. god of the dead. ruler of the underworld. god of wealth , due to the precious metals minedfrom the earth. hades hades 哈迪斯哈迪斯 zeus sister. goddess of the hearth（

23、灶（灶台）台）. the symbol of the housearound which a new born childis carried before it is received into the family. hestia hestia 赫斯提赫斯提亚亚 of all the olympians, she is the mildest, most upright and most charitable （仁慈的）. son of zeus and hera. god of war. he is considered murderous（行凶的）（行凶的） and bloodstai

24、ned（血污的）（血污的）but also a coward. he was disliked by both parents.ares ares 阿瑞斯阿瑞斯ares: all that you have, is dead!阿瑞斯：阿瑞斯：“你所拥有的，只有死亡！你所拥有的，只有死亡！” son of zeus. god of commerce. messenger for all the other gods. guide for the dead to go to the underworld. hermes hermes 赫尔墨斯赫尔墨斯 he was the cleverest of

25、 theolympian gods. he is the fastest of the gods. he wears winged sandals,a winged hat,and carries a magic wand. 他是奥林匹斯山上最聪明的他是奥林匹斯山上最聪明的神。神。 他是速度最快的神，他脚生他是速度最快的神，他脚生双翼，头上戴有翅膀的帽子，手双翼，头上戴有翅膀的帽子，手里拿着魔杖。里拿着魔杖。 son of zeus and hera. god of fire and the forg（熔炉）（熔炉）.hephaestushephaestus赫菲斯托斯赫菲斯托斯 he is t

26、he smith and armorer (兵器制造者）兵器制造者）of the gods. he is kind and peace loving . he is the only god to be physically ugly. he is also lame(瘸的，跛的). 他是诸神的工匠，具有高超的技巧，制造了许多著名的神兵、神器。传说阿波罗驾驶的日车、厄洛斯的金箭银箭、宙斯的神盾都是他铸制的。 son of zeus. god of sun. god of healing who taughtman medicine. god of truth , who can not spe

27、ak a lie.apollo apollo 阿波阿波罗罗 the archer, far shooting with a silver bow (弓箭弓箭). apollo also was the god of music and poetry.he could stir up all feelings.these feelings are expressed in lofty songs.with his lyre of gold and the sweet accents of his godlike voice held the choir of the musesat olympu

28、s. 阿波阿波罗罗也是音也是音乐乐神和神和诗诗神。他可以神。他可以唤唤起人起人们们各各种种情感情感并并表表达达于于圣圣歌中的。在歌中的。在奥奥林匹斯山上，他拿着金里拉，用林匹斯山上，他拿着金里拉，用优优美的音美的音调来调来指指挥缪挥缪斯合唱。斯合唱。he wore a purple robe.he usually sat in his bright eastern palace early in the morning and madeready tostart his daily journey acrossthe sky.one of apollos more importaint dai

29、ly tasks is to one of apollos more importaint daily tasks is to harness his chariot with four horses and drive the harness his chariot with four horses and drive the sun across the sky.sun across the sky.during the day hed rove his carriage of gold and during the day hed rove his carriage of gold an

30、d ivory , and brought light , life and love to the great ivory , and brought light , life and love to the great world below . late in the afternoon he came to the world below . late in the afternoon he came to the end of his journey in the far western sea and got end of his journey in the far wester

31、n sea and got onon his golden boat to return to his eastern home.his golden boat to return to his eastern home. daughter of zeus. her twin brother is apollo. goddess of the hunt , themoon, chastity, virginity, and the natural environment. she is the protector of the young women. artemis artemis 阿尔忒弥

32、斯阿尔忒弥斯 daughter of zeus. goddess of wisdom victory and war. she sprang full grown inarmour（盔甲）（盔甲）from hisforehead ，thus has no mother .athena athena 雅典娜雅典娜she is fierce and brave in battle but, only wars to defined the state and home from outside enemies. she is the goddess of the city, handicrafts

33、, and agriculture. she invented the bridle（缰绳）（缰绳）, the trumpet, the flute, the pot, the plow, the yoke, the ship, and the chariot. she is the embodiment（化身）（化身） of wisdom, reason, and purity. she was zeuss favorite child and was allowed to use his weapons including his thunderbolt. her favorite cit

34、y is athens. her tree is the olive.the owl is her bird. goddess of love, desire and beauty. she represented sex, affection, and the attraction that binds people together. aphrodite aphrodite 阿弗洛狄德阿弗洛狄德in addition to her natural gifts, she has a magical girdle that compels anyone she wishes to desire

35、 her.her tree is myrtle . dove is her bird.prometheusprometheus（普（普罗罗米修斯）米修斯） creator of mankind. mans protector and benefactor. he shaped man out of mud. he stole fire for mankind ,with the result that he was punished form zeus. he was chained to mount caucasus, and every morning an eagle would app

36、eared and ate his liver, which grow back at night.part2part2： heroesheroes greek heroes were almost as important as the gods ingreek mythology. heroes were bigger, braver, and more beautiful than ordinary men and women. in most cases theirfathers or grandfathers were gods, but their mothers weremort

37、als, so they were often called demigods (half-gods). 在希腊神话中，希腊英雄和希腊神同样重要。英雄们比普通的人类更强大、更勇敢。他们中大部分人的父亲或者祖父是神，但他们的母亲是普通人，所以他们经常也被称为“半神人”。perseus (perseus (珀尔修斯珀尔修斯) )jason (jason (伊阿宋伊阿宋) )heracles (heracles (赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯) )theseus (theseus (忒修斯忒修斯) ) perseus (perseus (珀尔修斯珀尔修斯) ) the son of zeus. got th

38、e help form athena and the son of zeus. got the help form athena and hermes, he killed the gorgon (hermes, he killed the gorgon (蛇蛇发发女妖女妖) medusa. he ) medusa. he fixed his eyes on medusas reflection in the polishedfixed his eyes on medusas reflection in the polished( (光滑的光滑的) surface of his shield

39、() surface of his shield (盾盾) and then cut off ) and then cut off her head.her head.jason (jason (伊阿宋伊阿宋) ) leader of the argonauts in the quest for leader of the argonauts in the quest for the the golden fleece (golden fleece (金羊毛金羊毛). ). 寻寻找金羊毛找金羊毛时时阿尔戈阿尔戈号号的的领导领导者。者。heracles (heracles (赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯) ) the last earthborn son of zeus. a