M9U1 Reading language points

1、Unit 1Language Points1喜爱，喜欢喜爱，喜欢 _2填写填写 _3由于；归功于由于；归功于 _4迎合，满足迎合，满足 _5将将放在一边，置之不理放在一边，置之不理 _6就就而言而言 _ _7为为的所在地的所在地 _8位于，坐落于位于，坐落于 _be located inbe home toas far asis / are concernedput asidecater toowing tofill outbe fond ofUseful phrases 9必定，必然必定，必然 _10是是的缩写形式的缩写形式 _11简称，缩略简称，缩略 _12总共，一共总共，一共 _13值得

2、值得 _ _14配备有配备有 _be bound tobe short forfor shortin total put aside be worthy ofbe equipped with1.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意defend在句中的意义在句中的意义和用法。和用法。 All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks. All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks. We are det

3、ermined to defend our motherland at all costs. 知识归纳：知识归纳：defend vt. 保卫，防护，防守；辩护，辩解；保卫，防护，防守；辩护，辩解；为为当辩护律师当辩护律师defence n 防御，防卫防御，防卫defenseless adj. 无防御的，无保护的无防御的，无保护的defensive adj. 保护的；防守的保护的；防守的defend sb. / sth. from (against) 保护某人保护某人/某物免遭某物免遭defend oneself 自行辩护自行辩护come to ones defence 帮助帮助(保护保护)某人

4、某人in defence of 保卫，捍卫；为保卫，捍卫；为辩护辩护take defensive actions 采取自卫行为采取自卫行为take defensive measures 采取防御措施采取防御措施知识链接知识链接 defend与与protectdefend含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思；含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思；protect常指提供安全的方式来驱开不适、常指提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻。伤害或进攻。 He tried to defend his reputation. 他尽力维护他的名誉。他尽力维护他的名誉。 The father bought a dog to prot

5、ect the children from unfriendly strangers. 那位父亲买了一条狗保护孩子们避开不那位父亲买了一条狗保护孩子们避开不友善的陌生人。友善的陌生人。词语辨析词语辨析(1) 我们必须保卫我们的国家。我们必须保卫我们的国家。 We must _. (2) 他开始为这一行为辩解。他开始为这一行为辩解。He began to _. (3) 军队保护人民免遭伤害。军队保护人民免遭伤害。The army _ the people _ harm. (4) 她在法庭上成功地为自己作了辩护。她在法庭上成功地为自己作了辩护。She _ successfully in court

6、. (5) 有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？What points can be raised _ this argument?defend our countrydefend this behaviourdefendsfromdefended herselfin defence of即学即练即学即练2. 阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意alongside在句中在句中的意义和用法的意义和用法 A police car pulled up alongside us. There was a butchers shop alongside the t

7、heatre. Alongside of him stood his uncle. The boat came alongside. 知识归纳：知识归纳：alongside prep. 与与一起，与一起，与同时同时 adv.在在的侧面；的侧面； 在在旁边；旁边； 与与并排并排as well as，as well，in addition to，in addition，alongside与与besidesas well as “和和一样一样”，通常用来连接，通常用来连接两个同等成分；两个同等成分；as well “也也”，通常用于陈述句句末；，通常用于陈述句句末；in addition to “除

8、了除了之外还有之外还有”，后跟，后跟代词、名词或动名词；代词、名词或动名词；in addition “另外，除另外，除之外之外”；alongside 和和 besides “除了除了(还有还有)”。词语辨析词语辨析用用as well as, as well, in addition to, in addition, alongside 与与 besides填空填空(1)_English, he has to study a second language.(2)He has to study a second language _ English.(3)He has to study Engl

9、ish and _, a second language.(4)He has to study English and a second language _.(5)In this city, traditional beliefs go _ a modern lifestyle.In addition to alongside / besides / as well asin additionas wellalongside即学即练即学即练3. 阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意thrill在句中的意义在句中的意义和用法和用法be thrilled with / by / at 因因而

10、感到兴奋而感到兴奋be thrilled to do sth. 做某事感到兴奋或激动做某事感到兴奋或激动It was a real thrill to meet the Queen. I was thrilled by her beauty. The children was thrilled to receive their presents. 知识归纳：知识归纳：thrill vt. 使使感到兴奋或激动感到兴奋或激动 n. 兴奋，激动；震颤兴奋，激动；震颤用用thrill的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(1) The exhibition _ all the visitors who came

11、 to the gallery. It was a great success.(2) They _ at the news of the victory.thrilledwere thrilled即学即练即学即练4.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意owe在句中的意义在句中的意义和用法和用法We owe it to society to make our country a better place. Can you add up how much I owe you? I still owe nearly a hundred pounds on that car. 知识详解：知识详解

12、： owe vt. 归因于；欠归因于；欠(账账)；欠；欠(人情人情)owe to 把把归因于归因于owe sth. to sb. / owe sb. sth. 欠某人账、情等欠某人账、情等owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情欠某人一个人情owing to 因为，由于；归功于因为，由于；归功于because of因为；由于因为；由于thanks to 多亏；由于多亏；由于as a consequence of 由于由于as a result of 由于由于的结果的结果due to 由于由于知识链接知识链接 (1)他把成功归功于勤奋工作。他把成功归功于勤奋工作。He _ hard wo

13、rk. (2)他还欠他父亲三千美元。他还欠他父亲三千美元。He still _ his father. (3)由于自然环境，许多人觉得新西兰适合由于自然环境，许多人觉得新西兰适合户外运动。户外运动。_ the natural environment, many people feel that New Zealand is perfect for outdoor activities.owes his success to owes 3, 000 dollars to Owing to 即学即练即学即练(1)由于大雾，航班被延误了。由于大雾，航班被延误了。_(2)多亏你的帮助，我妈妈才得以被救

14、。多亏你的帮助，我妈妈才得以被救。_(3)由于你的粗心，我们公司损失巨大。由于你的粗心，我们公司损失巨大。_Because of the heavy fog，the flight was delayed.Thanks to your help，my mother could be saved.from heavy losses.Due to your carelessness our company suffered5.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意second to在句在句中的意义和用法中的意义和用法As a football player, he is second to non

15、e. She is second to none among all the graduates. In the output of grain, China is second to none. 知识归纳：知识归纳： second to 仅次于仅次于 second to none 最好的最好的secondhand二手的二手的 without a second thought毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地on second thoughts 再三考虑，进一步考虑后再三考虑，进一步考虑后a second visit 再一次参观、拜访等再一次参观、拜访等the second visit 第二次参观、拜访等第

16、二次参观、拜访等second to none 不比任何人差，不比任何人差， 首屈一指的首屈一指的知识链接知识链接(1) Take it easy. You still have _ third chance even though you fail for _ second time. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a (2) In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a

17、; the即学即练即学即练BB6. Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, where average winter temperatures are usually minus 20 degrees centigrade, to the 8,892kilometrelong border with the USA to the south, which is the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police. where a

18、verage winter temperatures are usually minus 20 degrees centigrade 是非是非限制性定语从句，修饰限制性定语从句，修饰the Arctic northwhich is the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police也是也是非限制性定语从句，修饰非限制性定语从句，修饰the southnot defended by an army or the police是过是过去分词短语修饰去分词短语修饰border 7.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例

19、句，注意freezing在句中在句中的意义和用法的意义和用法Freezing weather will break up the soil.Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather.知识归纳：知识归纳： freezing adj. 极冷的；寒冷的极冷的；寒冷的These frozen foods are the most convenient of all.Our feet crunched on the frozen snow.知识归纳：知识归纳： frozen adj. 冰冻的冰冻的 freeze v. 冻结；冷冻；僵硬；凝固冻结

20、；冷冻；僵硬；凝固知识链接知识链接 翻译句子或短语。翻译句子或短语。 现在外面冷极了。现在外面冷极了。_ 极为寒冷极为寒冷_ 冰点冰点 _ 水在零摄氏度时结冰。水在零摄氏度时结冰。_即学即练即学即练Its freezing outside now. freezing coldfreezing pointWater freezes at 0.8.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意abundant在句中的在句中的意义和用法意义和用法We have abundant time to get there.The country is abundant in natural resources.U

21、ranium is abundant in some parts of the world. 知识归纳：知识归纳： abundant adj. 丰富的，大量的丰富的，大量的 be abundant in 有丰富的，有大量的有丰富的，有大量的abundance n. 丰富，富裕丰富，富裕a year of abundance 丰收年丰收年be rich / high in 在在方面丰富方面丰富be poor in 在在方面贫乏方面贫乏be enough in 在在方面富有方面富有知识链接知识链接 这个国家的石油供应非常充足。这个国家的石油供应非常充足。The country has _ supp

22、lies of oil.The country is _supplied with oil.This country has an _ of oil.The country is _ in oil.abundantabundantlyabundanceabundant即学即练即学即练9.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意abundant在句在句中的意义和用法中的意义和用法He was fond of drawing when he was a child.Young people are fond of some exciting games. 知识归纳：知识归纳：be fond of

23、爱好，喜欢爱好，喜欢10.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意occupy在句中的在句中的意义和用法意义和用法The bed seemed to occupy most of the room. It will not occupy much space. I would deserve to be pitied if I couldnt occupy myself. 知识归纳：知识归纳： occupy vt. 占用；占有；使忙碌占用；占有；使忙碌occupation n 职业；职业； 占有占有(房屋等房屋等)occupy time / space 占时间占时间/空间空间occupy on

24、es mind / thoughts / attention 占据某人的头脑占据某人的头脑/思想思想/注意力注意力occupy oneself with sth. / in doing sth.从事于从事于(做做)某事某事, 忙于忙于(做做)某事某事, 专心于专心于(做做)某某事事be occupied with sth. / in doing sth. 从事于从事于(做做)某事某事, 忙于忙于(做做)某事某事, 专心于专心于(做做)某事某事under occupation 在占领之下，占领中在占领之下，占领中by occupation 以以为职业为职业lose ones occupation

25、(s) 失业失业fixed / regular occupation 固定职业固定职业知识链接知识链接(1) 阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。 Reading _ most of my free time.(2) 浴室有人在用。浴室有人在用。 The bathroom _.(3) 她忙于写小说。她忙于写小说。She _writing a novel.(4) 他终日从事各种研究计划。他终日从事各种研究计划。 He _ various research projects.occupiesis occupiedis occupied inoccupies himself

26、with即学即练即学即练(5) 奥利佛先生在外交部担任要职。奥利佛先生在外交部担任要职。 Mr. Oliver _ in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.(6) 他的职业是公交车司机。他的职业是公交车司机。 He is a bus driver _ . (7) 他因无所事事而感到厌烦。他因无所事事而感到厌烦。 He was bored for _ .(8) 这所房子还没有人住进去。这所房子还没有人住进去。 No one is yet _the house. occupies an important positionby occupationlack of oc

27、cupationin occupation of11.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意content在句中的意义在句中的意义和用法和用法You will have to content yourself with what you have. He seemed more content, less bitter. The letters contents were not disclosed. He says his daughter is quite content. 知识归纳：知识归纳：content vt. 使满足使满足 adj. (只作表语只作表语)满足的，满意的满足的，满意

28、的 n. (pl.) 内容，目录；容量，含量内容，目录；容量，含量 contented adj. 满足的，满意的满足的，满意的with a contented look / smile 带着满意的表带着满意的表情情/微笑微笑be content to do sth. 乐于做某事乐于做某事be content with 对对. . . . . .感到满足，满意感到满足，满意 content oneself with 使使(某人某人)自己对自己对. . . . . . 感到满意感到满意知识链接知识链接(1) 她的回答好像令他满意。她的回答好像令他满意。Her answer seemed to _.

29、 (2) 她似乎很满意与他生活在一起。她似乎很满意与他生活在一起。She seems _with him. (3) 他对自己的工作很满意。他对自己的工作很满意。He _ his work. (4) 这场戏缺乏实质性内容。这场戏缺乏实质性内容。The play lacks _. content himcontent to live is content withcontent即学即练即学即练12. 阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意rank在句中的意在句中的意义和用法义和用法They ranked high in their class. She ranked her students a

30、ccording to their grades. 知识归纳：知识归纳：rank 在这些句子中是动词，意思是在这些句子中是动词，意思是“属于属于某个等级；排列某个等级；排列”rank 还可以做名词，意思是还可以做名词，意思是“等级等级; 地地位位, 身份身份, 军衔，横列军衔，横列”等等They are people of all ranks and classes.He is above me in rank.He was promoted to the rank of captain. 知识链接知识链接13.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意preference在句中在句中的意义和用

31、法的意义和用法Its a matter of personal preference . Many of these products were bought in preference to their own. What is your preference? 知识归纳：知识归纳： preference n. 偏爱，爱好，喜爱偏爱，爱好，喜爱have / show a preference for sth. 偏爱某物偏爱某物give prefer to 给予给予优先权优先权in preference to 优先于优先于by preference 首先，最好首先，最好prefer to do

32、 sth. 宁愿做某事宁愿做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 宁愿宁愿(做做)而不愿而不愿(做做)prefer that 更愿意更愿意知识链接知识链接(1) 我喜欢靠窗的座位。我喜欢靠窗的座位。A window seat is my _. (2) 我们仅凭个人爱好选择穿着。我们仅凭个人爱好选择穿着。We dress simply _. (3) 父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。Parents should not _ any one of th

33、eir children. (4) 上周末她选择去野营而不是在家看电视。上周末她选择去野营而不是在家看电视。She chose to go camping _ watching TV at home last weekend. preferenceby preferenceshow preference forin preference to即学即练即学即练 In the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for short.in the heart of 在在

34、 . 的中心；的中心； 在在 . 的的心脏地带心脏地带The school is situated in the heart of the city.You stay at a very new hotel in the heart of Hong Kong island. 13.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意for short在句中在句中的意义和用法的意义和用法In England, people usually call me Jim for short.Robert is usually called “Bob” for short. 知识归纳：知识归纳： for short

35、简称，缩写简称，缩写 shorthanded adj. 人手不足的人手不足的shortcoming n. 缺点，缺陷缺点，缺陷 shorten vt. 缩短，缩短， (使使)变短变短be short for 是是的缩写形式的缩写形式in the short / long term 从短期、长远的角度看从短期、长远的角度看in short 总之，简而言之总之，简而言之to be short 简单地说，简言之简单地说，简言之sth. be in short 某物不够，缺乏某物某物不够，缺乏某物in short supply 不充裕，供应不足不充裕，供应不足out/short of breath 喘

36、不过气来喘不过气来(be / go) short of sth. 某物不够，缺乏某物某物不够，缺乏某物知识链接知识链接(1) People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this _ creates further problems. A. in short B. in case C. in doubt D. in turn(2) Im afraid Im a little short _ money this month. A. for B. in C. of D. with即学即

37、练即学即练DC14. Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also the second largest Frenchspeaking city in the world, Paris being the largest. Paris being the largest 是独立主格结构，是独立主格结构，这里是补充说明，其中这里是补充说明，其中Paris 是是 being the largest 的逻辑主语的逻辑主语Everyone being ready, t

38、he teacher began his class.He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.15.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意historic在句中的在句中的意义和用法意义和用法The historic battle changed the fate of two nations. Chinas takeover of Hong Kong was a historic event.知识归纳：知识归纳： historic adj. 历史上著名的；有历史意义的历史上著名的；有历史意

39、义的historical是指是指“历史方面的、与历史直历史方面的、与历史直接相关的接相关的”。生活中的例子：历史方面。生活中的例子：历史方面的研究（的研究（historical research）、历史人）、历史人物（物（historical figure）、史料）、史料（historical material）I have been doing some historical research.Was Robin Hood a historical figure?知识链接知识链接16.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意concrete在句中的在句中的意义和用法意义和用法Do you h

40、ave any concrete thoughts on how to deal with this difficulty?The concrete walls are reinforced with steel rods. 知识归纳：知识归纳： concrete adj. 具体的，实质性的具体的，实质性的 n. 水泥，混凝土水泥，混凝土 词义辨析：词义辨析：concrete, specific这两个形容词均含这两个形容词均含“具体的具体的”之意。之意。concrete: 指通过感官能看到、听到、触指通过感官能看到、听到、触到的具体东西。其反义词是到的具体东西。其反义词是abstract。sp

41、ecific: 侧重指具体的细节，是与侧重指具体的细节，是与general(一般的一般的)，vague(模糊的模糊的)相对的相对的具体。具体。知识链接知识链接17.阅读下面的例句，注意阅读下面的例句，注意in addition to在在句中的意义和用法句中的意义和用法In addition to an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil. In addition to giving a general introduction to the computer, the course also provides practical experience.知识归纳：知识归纳：in addition to “除除 . 之外之外(还还)”, 相当于相当于besides in addition 另外另外They eat a great deal of fruit in addition. in addition to整个词组相当于一个介词，整个词组相当于一个介词，所以所以to的后面要接宾语。的后面要接宾语。in addition相当相当于副词，可以放在句首、句中或句尾。于副词，可以放在句首、句中