儿童生长发育对照表

1、儿童生长发冇对照表表1中国018岁男童体重参照值（k©年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等|初生2.542.923303.684.0611月3.844.47505.736.362月4.725.44666.887.603月5.406.196.987.778.564月5.946.757.568379.185月6.2674&028.909.786月6.747.68&629.5610.508月7.198.199910.1911910月7.578.619.6510.6911.7312月8.089.1210.1611.2012.2415月8.489.5910.7011.8112.921

2、8月8.8710.0611.2512.4413.63121月9.3110.5711.8313.0914.352.0岁10.0111.2912.5713.8515.1312.5岁10.9012.2313.5614.8916.223.0岁11.4012.9114.4215.9317.443.5岁12.2713.82153716.9218.474.0岁12.6914.4616.2318.0019.774.5岁13.36153017.2419.1821.125.0岁14.0816.2118.3420.4722.605.5岁14.8817.1319.3821.6323.8816.0岁15.7718372

3、0.9723.5726.177.0岁15.2519.30233527.4031.45中国018岁女童体直参照值（k©年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生2.482.843.203.563.921月3.674.244.815385.952月4.445.095.746397.043月5.025.726.427.127.824月5.516.267.017.768.515月5.996.767.538.309.076月6.2070&00&909.808月6.717.688.659.6210.5910月7.118.109.0910.0811.0712月7.42&479.52

4、10.5711.6215月7.999.0410.0911.1412.1918月8.439.5410.6511.7612.8721月9.0110.1311.25123713.492.0岁9.5810.8112.0413.2714.502.5岁10.3111.6412.97143015.633.0岁11.1512.5814.0115.4416.873.5岁11.9013.4214.9416.4617.984.0岁12.4514.1315.8117.4919.174.5岁13.0414.9216.8018.6820.565.0岁13.9015.8717.8419.8121.785.5岁14.3616

5、.5818.8021.0223.246.0岁15.2617.8120.3622.9125.467.0岁15.0818.70223225.9429.56中国0 18岁男童身高参照值©n)年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生47.04&750.452.153.81月52.354.656.959.261.52月55.658.060.462.865.23月5&460.763.065.367.64月60.762.965.167.369.55月62.464.767.069.371.66月64.466.869.271.674.08月67.069.572.074.577.010月69.

6、472.074.677.279.812月71.974.677380.082.715月74.777.580383.185.918月76.579.682.785.88&921月79.282.485.688.892.02.0岁82.385.789.192.595.92.5岁86.389.893396.8100.33.0岁89.493.196.8100.5104.23.5岁92.696.4100.2104.0107.84.0岁95.599.6103.7107.8111.94.5岁9&9103.0107111.2115.35.0 岁-102.11063110.5114.711&9

7、5.5岁104.7109.2113.711&2122.76.0岁10&5113.2117.9122.6127.37.0岁112.511&2123.9129.6135.3中国018岁女童身高参照值(cm)年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生46.64&249.851.453.01月51.753.956.15&360.512月54.656.959.261.563.83月57.259.461.663.866.04月59.461.663.866.06&25月60.963.265.567.870.16月62.865.267.670.072.48月65.66&

8、amp;170.673.175.610月6&170.773.375.97&5112月70.373.175.978.781.515月73.376.17&981.784.518月75.87&781.684.587.421月7&581.584.587.590.52.0岁81.384.78&191.594.92.5岁84.888.492.095.699.23.0 岁-88.792.395.999.5103.13.5岁91.695.499.2103.0106.84.0岁95.09&9102.8106.7110.64.5岁97.8102.0106.2

9、110.4114.65.0岁101.6105.7109.8113.911&05.5岁103.910&4112.9117.4121.96.0岁10&1112.6117.1121.6126.17.0岁111.7117.2122.712&2133.7中国07岁儿童头围参照值(cm)男童女童年龄组下平均值上等下平均值上等初生31.934.3±1.236.731.5339±123631月35.538.1±1.340.7j35.037.4±1239.82月3739.7±1.342336.538.9+1.24133月38.44

10、1.0±1.343.637.740.1±1.242.54月39.742.1±1.244.538.841.2±1.243.65月40.643.0±1.245.439.742±1244.56月41.544.1±1.346.740.443.0+1.345.68月42.545.1±1.347.741.544.1+1.346.710月43.045.8±1.448.642.444.8±1.247.212月43.946.5±1.349.143.045.4±1.247.815月44.547.

11、1±1.349.743.646.0±1.248.418月45.247.6±1.250.044.146.5±1.248.921月45.548.1±1.350.7144.546.9±1.24932.0岁|46.048.4±1.250.845.047.4±1.249.82.5岁46.649.0+1.251.445.648.0±1.250.43.0岁47.0494±1251.846.248.4±1.150.63.5岁47.449.8±1.252.246.448.8+1.251.24.

12、0 岁-47.550.1±1.352.746.749.1±1.251.54.5岁47.850.4±1.353.047.049.4±1.251.85.0岁48.350.7±1.253.1147.349.7±1.2525.5岁48.550.9±1.253347.650.0±1.252.46.07.0岁48.951.3±1.253.747.750.3+1.352.9常用的小儿生长发育指标有：体重、身高、头围、胸围。一、体重 体重是反映小儿生长发育的最重要也是最灵敏的指标。因 为体重反映孩于的营养状况，尤其是近期

13、的营养状况。体重可以受多种 因素如：营养、辅食添加、疾病等的影响。体重在岀生头3个月增长最 快，一般为月增长6()()10()()克，最好不低于60()克。36个月次之， 一般月增长6()()80()克。612个月平均每个月增长30()克。1岁后小 儿生长速度明显减慢，13岁小儿平均每个月体重增长15()克。1岁后 小儿的体重可用下列公式计算：体重(kg)=年龄(岁)X2+7 (或8)二、身长身长也是小儿生长发育的重要指标，但它反映的是长期营 养状况，短期内影响生长发育的因素(营养、疾病等)对身长影响不明 显。它主要受遗传、种族和环境的影响较为明显。身长的增加同体重一 样，也是在生后第一年增长

14、最快，平均年增长25厘米。第二年平均增长 1()厘米，第三年平均增长47.5厘米。幼儿期孩子的体型由婴儿期的 肥墩型向瘦长型转变。这期间躯干稍长些，下肢稍短些。幼儿期后，四 肢的增长逐渐快于躯干的增长。一岁以后平均身长的公式为：身长(cm) =年龄(岁)X5 +80 (cm)o小儿的身长与体重都可以用国际卫生组织 的标准来评价。三、头围头围是反映孩子脑发育的一个重要指标。头围在生后第一 年增长最快。出生时头围平均34cm； 1岁时平均46cm；第二年增加2ctn, 第三年增长12cm。3岁时头围平均为48cm,已与成人相差不很多了。 由此可看岀，脑发育主要在生后头3年。正常小儿后冈门3个月闭合， 前囱门1岁1岁半闭合。过迟闭合要考虑有无佝偻病的可能。有的孩 子出生时囱门就较小，闭合也会早些。这与母亲孕期营养状况较奸有关。 因此要综合看待这个问题，如果没有超量服用鱼肝油或超量服用及注射 维生素D, 般问题不大。需要注意的是，并非像人们所想像的那样: 孩于头越大越聪明，聪明与否和头围大小并不成正比。孩子的头围在正