挪威SINTEF公司小型LNG技术材料

1、SINTEFs Mini LNG Plant A Presentation to Petrol China September 25, 2003 Audun AspelundOutlineThe small scale LNG challengeThe IdeaAreas of useThe Mini LNG plantThe processThe equipmentThe challenges, the pilot plantThe full scale plantLNG distribution with Mini LNG from pipeline BenchmarkingMini LN

2、G for Peakshaving The idea, a new conceptUsing standard equipmentfor low investment cost and fast manufactureCopper brazed plate heat exchangers Oil-lubricated screw compressorsConstruction in a steel frame:Lower manufacturing cost Faster manufacture timeRefrigeration cycle with mixed refrigerant (N

3、2,C 1,C 2,C 3,C 4 for low energy demandAdapting operationalconditions to selected equipmentSINTEF patented mini LNG plantAreas of use: LNG distribution from pipeline Areas of use: Associated gas The processanimation.exe The challengesPlate heat exchangersdesignTwo-phase flowMixed fluidsInternal dist

4、ributionRefrigerants mixing in thetwo-phase flowregimeDistribution of two-phase flow refrigerant between parallel heat exchangersGas-liquid separatorsdesignLubricating oilOil separationOil freeze outRegulation and operation 11The pilot plantJens Hetland, OPET International Workshop on Natural Gas; T

5、echnologies,Opportunities and Development Aspects; 31 May 2002, Vaasa, Finland 12The pilotplantPilot plantCapacity, 50 kgLNG/hMain equipmentBitzer oil lubricated screw compressorSWEP copper-brazed plate heat exchangers specified by SINTEF Samson control valvesSeparators designed by SINTEFMixing devi

6、ces designed by FramoDistribution devices designed by SINTEFTesting started late 2001 in SINTEF laboratories Jens Hetland, OPET International Workshop on Natural Gas; Technologies,Opportunities and Development Aspects; 31 May 2002, Vaasa, Finland1314The full scale pilot plantGas treatmentGas engineL

7、iquefactioncycle StorageTruck terminal 15Budget price -The full scale pilot plant Capacity: 10 t/dUncertainty in cost estimate +-40 %CAPEX Liquefaction (USD750 000 Compressors 100 000Heat Exchangers 50 000Valves 40 000Separators, expansion tank25 000Thermal insulation 50 000Instrument 25 000Mechanic

8、al 60 000Steel skid30 000Electrical 40 000Control/programming 20 000Mics. 160 000Totalt 500 000Class D cost estimate (+25 %150 000Production time including testing: 18months The full scale plant Industrial MiniLNG Plant:Capacity: 10 t/dCAPEX (Total USD2 250 000 Liquefaction 750 000 Storage (250 m3 4

9、00 000 Gas treatment500 000 Gas engine400 000 LNG Truck terminal100 000 On site work100 000 Production time including testing: 18months Our GoalCreate an energy and cost effective modularised LNG plant with the following features:Capacity from 10 t/dModularised LNG plant, in framesPretreatmentLNG li

10、quefactionGas engineStorageLNG Truck terminalCAPEX (Liquefaction MM$/t a.200CAPEX (total MM$/t a. 600 3 x baseload Energy efficiency (1 bar , kWh/kg LNG0.51.5 x baseload Energy efficiency (5 bar , kWh/kg LNG0.41.2 x baseload Manufacturing time6 months0.25 x baseload Mini LNG for Peak shaving Several

11、 Mini LNG plants for localdistribution can be used for peak shaving50 x 10 = 500 t/dModules of Mini LNG plants can be put together to form larger LNG plants 3 x 10 = 30 t/d Several Mini LNG Modules along the pipeline can be used for effective peak shaveing3 x 50 x 10 = 1500 t/d Base load LNG Capacit

12、y and suppliers Capacity: up to 15000 tonnes LNG/dayTechnology:Single mixed refrigerant (SMR, (PricoPropane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant (C3/MR(APCIDual mixed process (DMR(Shell,Sakalin, (LiquefinTM Mixed Fluid Cascade Process (MFCP (Statoil/LindeSuppliers:Air ProductsChemicals Inc(USShellStatoil/Li

13、ndePhillipsPeak shave Capacity and suppliers Capacity: 100-500 tonnes LNG/dayTechnology:LNG Peak Shaving plants technology:Mixed refrigerant cycles (dominantCascade cyclesNitrogen expander cycles“Let-down” cyclesSuppliers:Air Products and Chemicals Inc.(USBlack & VeatchPritchard (USMini LNG Capacity and suppliers Capacity: 2-100 tonnes LNG/dayTechnology:Expansion processesMixed refrigerant processesSINTEFs patented Mini LNGThe LindeCycleS