初中英语语法总结一览表

1、初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句一般现在时动词用原形 三人称单数-s /es表示经常性的 动作或状态Every often alwayson天in 月、季、节、年。月又-s es输音+y-ieshave-hasHe goes to school every day.I often have lunch at home.一般过去时动词用过去时Be was/ were表过去某个、段时间 内动作及状态ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iedgo-went come-came do-did lea

2、ve-left 等He wrote a letter yesterday.I studied hard last year.一般将来时be going to + V 原will / shall + V原在将来某个时间或 某段时要做的事tomorrow / after next / tonightin 2010Go come leave stay fly等用进行表将来Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow .现在进行时be+doing表此时此刻正进行 的动作或状态listen look now all the timeDon t 一M去e双 写

3、+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingTom is writing now . They are lying on the bed .现在完成时 现在完成进 行have / has +PP have/has been+doing发生在过去影响在 现在的动作或状态 等含糊的频率副词 already just neve r ever分词规则的 同过去式是 一样的不规则的动词的过 去分词需逐个记忆I have been teaching for 8 years.He has slept for two days.过去进行时was / were+doing多用于复合句中表在过去某时间正

4、 在进行的动作at this time yesterday last Sunday evening一M去e双 写+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingHe was reading at that timelast Friday过去完成时had+动过去分词 ，用于复合旬中该动作发生在过去 的过去by the time + 过去时 when after before规则的分词 构成与过去 时一样的需要逐个记忆详见不规则动词表Wehad learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句过去将来时would

5、 + V 原形 多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生 的动作或状态He said that he the next day .He said that he would comehere the next day .比较级形式 形咨副词名 词后-er 前力口 more名词比较用more表示两个人、物 之间进行比较时than /much/ a littlefar / in the two等一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iergood/well bettermuch/many moreShe is the tall in the two.Heruns faster than Tom.最高级形式 形咨副

6、词名 词后-est 前力口 most名词比较用most大于等于三个人、物 之间进行比较in the +比较范围 of the 具体的数字一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iestbad/ill/badly-wor stfar-farther-farthestShe is the most beautifulin her class.（最高级力口the）动词不式to do没有人称和数的变 化日语To read is helpful for anybody now .作宾语He wants to buy a dictionary.作宾补I hear him sing yesterday Tom to

7、ld me to open it.作表语His job is to take care of children .作状语He ll go to see a doctor tomorrow .作定语He has much homework to do every day .主从复合句状语从句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步 比较）He was writing a letter when I camen o宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客 观事实）He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先 行词

8、）I saw the man who was stealing my bikeyesterday主动结构与被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+谓语+宾 语动作执行者+及物动词+动作承受者被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP+ by 宾语动作承受者+ be PP + by动作执行 者在被动语态中没有可以省to的不定式WespeakEnglish .主语谓语宾语Englishis spokenby us宾改主谓语动词bePP主by宾主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主 by 宾，代词艾格要细心，谓语动词 be pp,时态随 主、数随被PP是及物动词的过去分词加ed或不规则详 见表被动句的时态（be

9、）随主动句的时态（do）人 称和数应随被动句的主语（am、is、are、was、 were 等）初二(上)英语第一单元评估试题1. 英汉互译：10%1. 准时 6. how to spell 2. 良好的祝愿 7. for example 3. 不得不 8. make English fun 4. 浪费食物 9. not.any more 5. 教师节 10. Mother，s Day 2. 填写所缺字母：5%1. “James' is a g name.2. Thank you for h me with the work.3. The t must stop when the li

10、ghts are red.4. She is a quiet girl. She n talks much.5. I'm a I ' ve no idea.6. TV is s for television.7. You must stand up w theteacher calls your name.8. People don ' t use Mr,Mrs or Ms b their first names.9. To many people, the m ofa name is important.10. In England, the family namec

11、omes l.3. 用所给词的适当形式填空：10%1. Ann often goes with her mother on Sundays. (shop)2. I ' ll come here next time. (early)3. Listen! Mike a Chinese song. (sing)4. We often have great fun on the farm. (work)5. The colour of your coat is from mine (difference)6. September is the month of the year. (nine)

12、7. She often TV on Friday evening. (watch)8. The train at six o ' clock. (leave)9. She likes in the morning. (read)10. One of theis Miss Gao. SheEnglish very well. (teach)4. 选择填空：251. Welcome home.A.to B.back C.back to D.back my2. What do you call ?A.for short B.short for C.for long D.long for3.

13、 My mother wants me with her.A.go shopping B.to go shopping C.to go to shop D.to go to shopping4. He is writing “ Good luck you ” on the card.A.for B.at C.with D.to5. Lesson Two is of this book.A.a second lesson B.lesson second C.the second lesson D.the lesson second6. Thank for us so well.A.teachin

14、g B.teach C.to teaching D.to teach7. I m going to Shanghai month.A.last B.in next C.in this D.next8. These are our new students I don t know many of them.A.and B.but C.so D.because9. Their third class begins at 9:30.A.theB./C.aD.this10. Can you give a piece of paper me?A.toB.forC.withD./11. Here are

15、 some flowers you our best A.for,to,wishes B.for,with,wishes C.to,for,wish D.of, to,wish12. In England, the last name is the A.given name B.middle name C.family name D.full name13. We can t call “ Elizabeth Green ” if she s not married（ 结婚 ）.A.Miss Elizabeth B.Miss Green C. Elizabeth D.Liz14. Mr Zha

16、ng asks me him a call.A.give B.giving C.gives D.to give15. I have to tell you.A.important somethingB.important nothingC. something important D.anything important16. Tom with his two friends going shopping tomorrow morning.A.are B.is C.will D.candifferent D.the17. Can you give us a talk about between

17、 Chinese and English names?A.different B,difference C.the difference18. -1 ' m sorry. Your pencil is broken. -.A.Give me my pen B.Thank you C.It doesn ' t matter D.All right19. It ' s too hot today. How about in the lake?A.go for a swim B.have a swim C.swim D.having a swim20. Don t do th

18、at! It ' s just.A.a waste of time B. a waste time C.waste of time D.a waste of times21. The man often goes to work on foot.A.calls Tom B.call Tom C.called Tom D.is called22. Phillip tells them that“ph” an"f” .A:sound like B.sound likes C.sounds likes D.sounds like23. I know only about Engli

19、sh names.A.a little B.little C.lot D.a lot24. -Is it going to rain tomorrow? -.-That ' s too bad! I don ' t like the rain.A.I hope so B.I ' m afraid not C.I ' m afraid so D.I ' m not afraid25. of you must do eye exercises every day.A.Every B.Every one C.Everyone D.No one5. 完成对话，每

20、空一词：10%A: Hi,are you new here?B: Yes, I 1. What about you?A: 2 ,too. 3 are you from?B: I ' m from Canada.What 4 you?A: Small world, I ' m from 5 ,too.B: Which 6 are you from?A: I ' m from Toronto. My name is Sandra.7 you?B: My name is Thomas. You can call me 8 for short.A: OK, Tom.B: Can

21、 I call you 9 for short?A: Sure, 10. problem.六.句型转换：10%1. Call me James, please.（ 否定旬）Please me James.2. Tom has some homework to do everyday.（ 一般疑问句）Tom homework to do everyday?3. Does he swim in the river?（改为现在进行时）he in the river?4. Han Mei is going to buy a card tomorrow.（划线提问）is she going to tom

22、orrow?5. Today is Wednesday.（划线提问） is today?6. He has to do housework after school.（ 否定旬）He to do housework after school.7. Today we are going to learn Lesson Twenty-one.（ 同义句）We will learn today.8. Why not come with us?（）Why you with us?9. He is thinking how he is going to use the computer.（同义句）He

23、is thinking use the computer.七.完形填空10%In China, most people ' s names have 1 parts, the . 2 names and the family names. One person may have 3names. For example, when they are very young and 4 home,they usually have nick names. At school they use their 5 names. If someone 6 a writer, he or she ha

24、s a pen name. New young couples （ 夫妇）become very 7 when they name their child.8 the names have special meanings. Some show their parents '9. Girls ' names show that their parents wantthem to be nice. Boys ' names are often useful 10 the country.I.A.two2.A.family3.A.much4.A.in5.A.pen6.A.b

25、e7.A.sad8.A.SomeB.secondC.threeD.thirdB.givenC.middleD.fullB.a lot C.many D.a littleB.at C.of D.with B.given C.full D.familyB.isC.are D.wasB.happyC.angryD.carefulB.BothC.OneD.Most of9 .A.head B.hope C.idea D.name10 .A.to B.inC.about D.at8 .阅读理解：10%Tom is a little boy, and he is only seven years old.

26、 He often goes to the park and the fruit shop himself. Sometimes his mother takes him to the museum.One day he goes to a cinema. It is the first time for him to do that.He buys a ticket and then goes in. But after two or three minuteshe comes out,buys a second ticket and goes in again. After a few m

27、inutes he comes out again and buys a third ticket. Two or three minuteslater he comes out and asks for another ticket. Then the girl in the ticket office asks before giving him the ticket,“Why do you buy somanytickets? Howmanyfriends do you meet?' Tom answers, "No. I have no friends here. B

28、ut a big boy always stops meat the door and tears（ 撕） my ticket into pieces. ”1. Tom doesn' t go to himself.A.the park B.the fruit shop C.the museum D.the cinema2. It is time for Tom to go to the cinema.A.the first B.the second C.the third D.the fourth3. How many tickets does Tom buy from the ti

29、cket office?A.One B.Two C.Three D.Four4. Which of the following sentences is true?A.Tom goes to the cinema with some friends one day.B.Tom goes to the cinema for some times.C.Tom thinks the big boy lets him in after he tears the tickets.D.Tom doesn ' t understand what the big boy does.5. The big

30、 boy in the cinema is.A.a teacher B.a worker C.a friend D.a student9 .书面表达：10 %十.请你用英语给你的英语老师写一张教师节的贺卡初二（上）英语第一单元评估试题答案1 . 英汉互译：10%1. on time 2.best wishes 3.have to 4.a waste of food 5.Teachers' Day6.如何拼写7.例如 8.使得英语有趣9.再也不10.母亲节2 .填写所缺字母：5%1 .given 2.helping 3.traffic 4.never 5.afraid 6.short7

31、.when 8.before 9.meaning 10.last3 .用所给词的适当形式填空：10%1 .shopping 2.earlier 3.is singing 4.（in） working 5.different6 .ninth 7.watches 8.leaves 9.reading 10.teachers, teaches4 .选择填空：25%I .B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.AII .B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.A21.C 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B5 . 完

32、成对话，每空一词：10%1 .am 2.Me 3.Where 4.about 5.Canada 6.city7 .And 8.Tom 9.Sandy 10.no6 .句型转换：10%1 .don ' t call 2.Does, have any 3.Is, swimming 4.What,do 5.What day6 .doesn ' t have 7.the twenty-first lesson 8.don' t,come 9.how,to7 .完形填空：10 %1 .A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A8 .阅读理解：10

33、%1 .C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B9 .书面表达：10 %略连词专项训练I like watching TV plays.1、I don ' t like reading watching TV. What about you?"I don ' t like reading all day,A. and, butB. and, andC. or, andD. or, but2、You won' t know the value（ 价值）of the health you lose it.A. untilB. afterC. when3、We bough

34、t Granny a present, she didn ' t like it.A. butB. andC. or4、Study hard, you will pass the exam.A.soB.forC.but5、Put on more clothes, you ' ll catch cold.A.andB.forC.orD. because6、My shoes are worn out, I need new ones.A. soB. ifC. because7、He ran fast he won the race.A. enough toB. so - thatC

35、. too to8、He is only ten months. He can read write.A. either or B. neither norC. both - andD. soD. andD. butD. andD. both andD. so that9、She said she might come Saturday Sunday .A. neither nor B. nither or C . too toD. so that10、If Tom Mike asks for their car, tell him to come tomorrow.A. orB. andC.

36、 withD. but11、It was already ten oclock we got to the museum this morning.A. thatB. whenC. if12、It s a long time we met last.A. soB. after13、That maths problem is difficultC. since nobody can do it.A. too to B. very - that C . sothatD. very14、I' ll give her the message she comes back.A. sinceB.

37、beforeC. untilD. forD. beforebutD. as soon as15、 the teacher came into the classroom, many students were talking to each other.A. WhileB. IfC.SinceD.When16、People often mistake us for each other we are twins.A. ifB. whenC.becauseD.after17、Could you tell me in your home town in winter?A. if it often

38、snowedB. whether does it often snowC. if it often snowD. whether it often snows18、Are you sure Mr. Li will come to your birthday party?A. ifB. thatC. forD. when19、 Lily Lucy like singing.A. Either - orB. Beither - nor C . Both andD. So- that20、Read the sentences slowlywe can understand what you read

39、.A. so that【答案】：B.beforeC.untilD. because1、D2、A3、A4、D5、C6、A7、B8、B9、B10、A11、B12、C13、C14、D15、D16、C17、D18、B19、C20、A初中英语语法总结一览表吾法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句一般现在时动词用原形 三人称单数-s /es表示经常性的 动作或状态Every often always on天in 月、季、节、年。月乂 -s es输音+y-ieshave-hasHe goes to school every day.I often have lunch at home.一般过去时动词用过

40、去时Be was/ were表过去某个、段时间 内动作及状态ago/just now /In1998last/yesterday 等一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iedgo-went come-came do-did leave-left 等He wrote a letter yesterday.I studied hard last year.语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句一般将来时be going to + V原will / shall + V原在将来某个时间或 某段时要做的事tomorrow / after next / tonightin 2010Go come lea

41、ve stay fly等用进行表将来Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow .现在进行时be+doing表此时此刻正进行 的动作或状态listen look now all the timeDon t 一M去e双 写+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingTom is writing now . They are lying on the bed .现在完成时 现在完成进 行have / has +PP have/has been+doing发生在过去影响在 现在的动作或状态含糊的频率副词 already just neve r

42、 ever分词规则的 同过去式是 一样的不规则的动词的过 去分词需逐个记忆I have been teaching for 8 years.He has slept for two days.过去进行时was / were+doing多用于复合句中表在过去某时间正 在进行的动作at this time yesterday last Sunday evening一M去e双 写+ingtie die lie - 变ie为y加ingHe was reading at that time last Friday过去完成时had+动过去分词 多用于复合句中该动作发生在过去 的过去by the time

43、+ 过去时 when after before规则的分词 构成与过去 时一样的需要逐个记忆详见不规则动词表Wehad learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.过去将来时would + V 原形 多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生 的动作或状态He said that he the next day .He said that he would comehere the next day .比较级形式 形咨副词名 词后-er 前加more 名词比较用more表示两个人、物 之间进行比较时than /much/ a littlefar / in the tw

44、o等一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iergood/well bettermuch/many moreShe is the tall in the two.Heruns faster than Tom.最高级形式 形咨副词名 词后-est 前力口 most 名词比较用most大于等于三个人、物 之间进行比较in the +比较范围 of the 具体的数字一M/去e双 写/辅+y结 尾一iestbad/ill/badly-wor st far-farther-farth estShe is the most beautiful in her class.（最高级力口the）动词不式to do没

45、有人作主语To read is作宾语作宾补He wants to buy a I hear him sing yesterday作表语His job is作状语He ll go to see a作定语He has much homework吾法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句屋和数的变 化helpful for anybody now .dictionary.Tom told me to open it.to take care of children .doctor tomorrow .to do every day .主从复合句状语从句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步 比较）He

46、was writing a letter when I came n o宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客 观事实）He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先 行词）I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday主动结构被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+谓语+宾 语动作执行者+及物动词+动作承受者被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP+ by 宾语动作承受者+ be PP + by动作执行 者在被动语态中没有可以省to的不定式WespeakEng

47、lish .主语谓语宾语Englishis spokenby us宾改主谓语动词bePP主by宜 /、主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主 by 宾，代词艾格要细心，谓语动词 be pp,时态随 主、数随被PP是及物动词的过去分词加ed或不规则详 见表被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人 称和数应随被动句的主语（am、is、are、was、 were 等）简要搜集了一些信息希望对大家有用初二英语上册知识点（短语、句型）MODULE11、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every用一般现在时，第一、

48、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。2、如有 now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用现在进行时，结构是 be （am, is, are） +v-ing3、如有 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间，some day, next.用一般将来时，结构： will + v 原 be going to +v原（没有动词用be ）4、如有 yesterday,ago , last.just now.用般过去时动词力口 edgive sb.

49、 Sth.=give sth. to sb.给某人某物 every day 每天 ,write down 写下，记下write it （them） down everyday 每天的，日常的 ,how about doing sth.=what about doing sth. 做 怎么样 each other 互相 .thanks a lot= thank you very much 非常谢谢原.=why not+.V原 为什么不回答 That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.

50、=Not at all.Why don't you+V help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人help sb. （to ）do sth. 帮助某人做某事with one's help=with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助 help oneself to sth. 请自用食物 watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，（现在没有做，做过）watch sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事（正在做） see, hear 类似 remember to do sth. 想起记得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth

51、. 相起记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事welcome back 欢迎回来 , new term新学期this term 这学期 ,next term下学学期 ,last term 上学期 ,give you some advice给你一些建议why not 为什么不 ,make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误correct spelling 正确的拼写 , what else?=what other things? 还有什么 a piece of advice 一条建议 , follow /ta

52、ke one's advice采用别人的建议,send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人 send for 派人去请 / 取send up 发射 .all the time一直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快 lots of =a lot of =many（ 可数 ）much（ 不可数 ） 许多 ,spend : sb. spend some time on sth. 某人花费时间做某事sb. spend some time （in） doing sth.某人花费时间

53、做某事Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱 pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱 Take: It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间ask for 请求，要求, ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 a piece of 一块 enjo

54、y doing sth 喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式 V-ingplace sth.in =put sth. in把某物放在里面else 常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little 等， else 要位于其后。所有格为 else's.take a deep breath 深呼吸 , catchhold one's breath 屏住呼吸 ,out of breath 上气不接下气, wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事,

55、the number of 的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单,a number of =many, 大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of , a small number of ,发现做某事怎么样invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.尝试做某事尽某人最大的努力从某人处借入某物 ,借一段时间try to do sth. 尽力做事 try doing sth.try not to do sth . 尽力不做某事 try one's best a group of 一组，一群 ,borrow sth from sb.lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物 keeppractice doing sth., 练习做做某事come from=b