物流专业外文翻译---加快中小城市现代物流的发展

1、附录外文参考文献Modern logistics development City is the concentration of modern logistics, is the commodity distribution and processing center, and logistics facilities and infrastructure is complete, the circulation of human capital in high concentration, consumption and demand, transportation and informa

2、tion developed, therefore, the modern logistics is bound to the city as the center, by the corresponding multistage regional market space formed by the market structure, superior market space structure on industry configuration in order to produce huge attraction. City development can drive circumja

3、cent area prosperity to development, thus forming an organic commodity circulation system.The construction of small and medium-sized city modern logistics system's important meaningOne, improve the investment environment of the city, better participate in international division of labor. In the

4、global industrial transfer process, more and more enterprises to realize, any enterprise can not in all business is one of the world's most outstanding enterprises, only complementary advantages in order to enhance competitive actual strength. Therefore, some international outstanding enterprise

5、s strategic alliance. This alliance is around core business, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, the end-user in a chain-like structure, integrated logistics management to all enterprises in the supply chain as an integral whole, promote each enterprise group procurement, production a

6、nd sales of coordinated development. Therefore, the logistics has become the globalization of production and sales in the process of an important value-added services, logistics management has become the domestic and international two markets, two kinds of resource coupling together an indispensable

7、 key link, constructing efficient international logistics system has become the city of comprehensive intervention in international division of labor of the bridge and catalyst.Two, optimize the supply chain management, establishes the enterprise development the cornerstone of battle. As consumption

8、 level rise ceaselessly, the diversification of products and product updates speed to be accelerated ceaselessly, enterprise production organization flexibility, flattening, network trend more obvious. With competitive price, at the right time, place, provide the right products to the enterprise dev

9、elopment is essential. Manufacturers through distributors, retailers and timely understanding of user needs, comprehensive, accurate, dynamic grasp the product flow condition, and to adjust marketing strategy. Through the inventory cost, transportation cost and management cost balance optimization,

10、with the lowest total cost of supply of market demand, already became an enterprise to develop the market, occupational market premise and safeguard.Three, expand the city radiation range, forming the center city function. Along with our country opening to the outside world deepen further, to small

11、and medium-sized city as the center of the region economy has entered the international division of labor in the inner potential. At the same time, the modern logistics system building process is essentially circulation system, circulation channel to build process. Modern logistics system will chang

12、e the traditional manufacturing enterprises - distributors - retailer of traditional circulation mode, and turned to the production of Enterprises - the new circulation mode of retailers, this will greatly promote the new commercial city such as goods shopping malls, shopping centers, supermarket ca

13、binet, chain operation, agent system, distribution system and other industry arisen with development, make the city commercial radiation scope gradually expanded, and the logistics development will bring tremendous business opportunities; capital flow, logistics, information flow, as the center city

14、 function have important guiding role.To the city for modern logistics center constructionCity Logistics Center 's service area is divided according to the principle is" economic area" rather than on" Administrative Region", although the two may appear some kind of coincidenc

15、e and consistent, but it is two different concepts. Unlike the administrative division of economic region has a specific limits, economic regional boundaries are fuzzy, is a transition zone, which formed the economic openness. Another difference between them is an administrative division in the natu

16、ral terrain, population, rich products, transport conditions and administrative effect of such factors as the basis, has a relatively long term stability, and the economy development of the region is very active. Logistics center according to the administrative area division, strengthen the administ

17、rative intervention force, often against the laws of the market action, market operation will be restricted badly. According to the regional economic development of logistics center is to adapt to the development of productivity, reflects the natural resources endowments, economic development and la

18、yout condition, commercialize degree and other aspects of development, but also reflects the logistics center of the integrity and openness.In the" Nine Five" plan and 2010 distant view target, the government on how to further speed up the logistics development has put forward specific pla

19、nning and requirements, mainly: to build a batch of global sex, the key of logistics infrastructure, transform and build a batch to have the modernization level of the warehouse and distribution center, strengthen content to shed level of management. In the layout, the government should make logisti

20、cs city function is an organic part of overall planning, avoid to repeat construction, waste of resources or because of unreasonable selection caused traffic transport" bottleneck" phenomenon.According to the traditional classification methods, logistics center can be divided into circulat

21、ion distribution center, processing and distribution center distribution center three major types: (1) circulating distribution center. Often used to provide inventory replenishment, therefore, should give full consideration to market factors, geographically located close to the main customer sites,

22、 their size depends on the required delivery speed, average size of the order and the unit cost of land use. (2) processing and distribution center. As the assembly processing and centralized transportation production material base, the distribution center is the basic reason to support manufacturin

23、g plant, in order to concentrate transport rates will mix the product to the customer. (3) storage distribution center. In buyer's market, there is a strong function of the distribution center storage generally have larger inventory support enterprise product sales; in a seller's market, ent

24、erprises of raw materials, spare parts supply have larger inventory support, this supply distribution center also has a strong storage function. Our country at present the distribution center, mostly adopts centralized inventory, inventory of larger, more storage type. The logistics distribution cen

25、ter for an extensive inventory of varieties to provide centralized transportation, with the minimum total cost of the method for determining the location of. Small and medium-sized city modern logistics system framework One, logistics park should be intensive variety of logistics facilities, logisti

26、cs line intersection; with intensive, regulation, transport, concentration inventory, the integrated function such as information hub. It established the main requirements are: close to the port, airport, railway marshalling station, around the expressway network, there must be more than two modes o

27、f transport are connected; price low, appropriate setting away from the downtown area. Two, logistics center is the city logistics two level system. Commercial distribution logistics and distribution logistics is the main carrier of industry. It established the main should be close to large industri

28、al, commercial enterprises. The highway is the main way of freight logistics center should be near the traffic, the main entrance. In three, city logistics distribution center is the three level system. It established the main requirements are: reasonable position, assume the urban district and exte

29、rnal transport of goods distribution, formation and transfer function, to be built in the city and developing zone, so conducive to retail, small industry and other related services and civil life. Logistics is the soul of the system, should pay attention to the different transport modes meet to for

30、m the integrated logistics park construction, and to provide land, funds, tax policies, establishing a customs, high, maritime, taxation and other departments of the government of collaborative work mechanism, logistics park 's development to create a favorable policy environment. On the logisti

31、cs center especially for small distribution center, to prevent overheating due to logistics form new round of repeat construction, cause excessive competition. To consider the distribution in the city many water, public, iron freight stations and their loading and unloading points are concentrated,

32、considering the function of each alternative, for the city development space. According to the enterprise logistics management mode, set up logistics park - Logistics Center - distribution center logistics information switching platform, promote the conversion between classification of logistics sys

33、tem, at home and abroad for the development of the third party logistics to provide a good foundation.Small and medium-sized city modern logistics system of policy measuresOne, the government unified, rational planning of city logistics system. At present our country logistics management system of t

34、he existence of independent longitudinal, compartmentalization of malpractice, it and modern logistics cooperation, integration of resources concept with a larger conflict. It reminds us to pay attention to the coordination of various modes of transport, key construction with water, public, iron, av

35、iation and other transport modes of integrated logistics park, on the other hand, according to the city logistics system radiation range, attention and the rest of the city logistics infrastructure convergence, it is city logistics system hub conversion function key.Two, develop modern logistics dev

36、elopment policy, standardize logistics market management. Modern logistics industry policy 's goal is to create a good environment for the development of modern logistics, including the good market environment, good government coordination and management mechanism. Accelerate the integration of

37、resources, promoting the advantages of the concentration of capital, encourage the logistics infrastructure, logistics information platform construction, supporting a number of key logistics enterprises; at the same time to establish a unified, open market, prevent forestall and excessive competitio

38、n, adhere to the market allocation of resources as the basic means, to ensure that the market competition vigor, in respect of market mechanism and under the premise of the law, make accord with WTO regulation and international convention of the road transport industry regulation, distribution enter

39、prises to access and excessive competition regulation policy.In three, the logistics parks, logistics center, logistics enterprises to formulate preferential policy. Integrated logistics park construction of large scale of investment, long construction period, economic and social benefit is very obv

40、ious, apply all sorts of policy measures to cultivate and promote the construction of logistics park, the logistics park to play agglomeration and scale benefit. In land, capital, the respect such as taxation take the relevant supporting policies, promote the construction of logistics park; customs

41、inspection and other departments to study and formulate corresponding park directly for the international trade business and other supporting policies and measures; attract transnational corporation to logistics park based storage center and overseas assembly center.Four, advance content to shed sys

42、tematic standardization, informatization. First of all, should promote the standardization of transport, encourage pallet transportation. Standard pallet transportation route of logistics and regional logistics speed conversion tool, is also a logistics hub conversion function in the formation of th

43、e main driving force. To encourage industrial and commercial enterprises adopt the standard tray, and the tray manufacturing, leasing, recycling of the professional company to give policy support. Secondly, to speed up the logistics information technology standard. To track the relevant internationa

44、l standards, at the same time to carry out the national existing standards, to build logistics information classification coding and standardization of information technology as the main content of logistics standardization system, to ensure that the logistics information platform in efficient, unif

45、ied, orderly environment to normal operation.Five, to speed up personnel training and the introduction of. The development of modern logistics industry depends on the logistics personnel, the need for international trade process, international regulations, the circulation system, market distribution

46、, enterprise management and network information technology, with comprehensive abilities and talents. To increase the logistics of professional and technical personnel training inputs, the introduction of preferential policies to develop the logistics talents.外文参考文献译文：加快中小城市现代物流的发展城市是现代物流的汇聚地，是商品集散和

47、加工的中心，而且物流设施和基础建设齐全，流通人力资本高，消费集中而且需求量大，交通与信息发达，因此，现代物流必然以城市为中心、由相应的多级市场区域构成的空间市场结构，优越的市场空间结构对产业配置以产生巨大的吸引力。城市的发展可以带动周边地区的繁荣交发展，从而形成一个有机的商品流通体系。构建中小城市现代物流体系的重要意义： 一、改善城市投资环境，更好介入国际分工。在全球产业的转移过程中，越来越多的企业认识到，任何一个企业都不可能在所有业务上成为世界上最杰出的企业，只有优势互补才能共同增强竞争实力。因此，国际上一些优秀企业结成战略联盟。这种联盟是围绕核心企业，将供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商、最终

48、用户连成一个链状结构，全程物流管理把供应链上的各个企业作为一个不可分割的整体，推动各个企业分组的采购、生产和销售的协调发展。因此，物流已经成为全球化生产与销售过程中的一项重要的增值服务，全程物流管理已成为将国内外两个市场、两种资源联结在一起的必不可少的关键环节，构建高效的国际物流体系已成为城市全方位介入国际分工的桥梁和催化剂。 二、优化供应链管理，奠定企业发展战斗基石。随着顾客消费水平的不断提高，产品的多样化和产品更新速度不断加快，企业生产组织的柔性化、扁平化、网络化趋势愈加明显。以有竞争力的价格，在恰当的时间、地点，提供恰当的商品对企业发展是至关重要的。制造商通过分销商、零售商及时了解用户需

49、求，全面、准确、动态地把握产品流动状况，并以此调整市场策略。通过库存成本、运输成本及管理成本的平衡优化，用最低的总成本及时供应市场需求，已成为企业开拓市场、占领市场的前提与保障。 三、拓展城市辐射范围，形成中心城市功能。随着我国对外开放的进一步深化，以中小城市为中心的地区经济客观上己具备进入国际分工的内在潜能。同时，现代物流体系的建立过程本质上是流通体系、流通渠道的再建过程。现代物流体系将改变传统的生产企业分销商零售商的传统流通模式，而转向生产企业零售商的新型流通模式，这将极大的促进城市新型商业业态如货柜式商场、购物中心、超市、连锁经营、代理制、经销制等业态的兴起与发展，使城市商业的辐射范围逐

50、步扩大，而物流的发展将带来巨大商机；资金流、物流、信息流的集中，为中心城市功能的发挥产生重要的先导作用。以城市为中心的现代物流建设 城市型物流中心的服务区域划分原则是按“经济区域”而不是按“行政区域”进行，虽然二者可能出现某种重合和一致，但这完全是两个不同的概念。经济区域不像行政区域划分有着明确具体的界限，经济区域的界限是模糊的，是一条过渡带，这形成了经济区域的开放性。它们之间的另外一个差别是行政区域的划分常以自然地势、人口数量、物产富饶程度、交通运输条件以及行政管理作用等因素为依据，具有相对长期的稳定性，而经济区域的发展则表现得相当活跃。物流中心如果按行政区域进行划分，强化了行政干预力量，往

51、往会违背市场规律的作用，市场化运作会受到严重制约。按经济区域发展物流中心则适应生产力的发展，体现了自然资源禀赋状况、经济发展和布局条件、市场化程度等方面的发展，同时也体现了物流中心的完整性和开放性。 在“九五”计划和2010年远景目标中，政府对如何进一步加速物流发展已经提出了具体规划和要求，主要是：继续建设一批全局性、关键性的物流基础设施，改造和筹建一批具有现代化水平的仓库和配送中心，加强物流管理水平。在规划布局上，政府应把物流作为城市功能的有机组成部分进行统筹规划，避免出现重复建设、浪费资源或因不合理选址造成交通运输出现“瓶颈”现象。 根据传统分类方法，物流中心可以划分为流通型配送中心、加工配送中心与储存型配送中心三大类型：（1）流通型配送中心。通常用来向客户提供库存补充，因此，应充分考虑市场因素，在地理上定位于接近主要的客户地点，其规模大小应取决于被要求的送货速度、平均订货的多少以及单位用地成本。（2）加工配送中心。作为装配加工与集中运输生产材料的基地，这种配送中心存在的基本原因是支持制造厂，以可以集中运输的费率将